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Evidence from a 500-year-old khipu suggests commoners helped craft the Inca’s intricate knotted records

Overlooked emissions from exotic positronium atoms could improve medical scanners

Unlike people, these nest-building insects pull harder in teams

False positive claims of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in scRNA-seq studies are of substantial concern. We found that DEGs from individual Parkinson's (PD), Huntington's (HD), and COVID-19 datasets had moderate predictive power for case-control status of other datasets, but DEGs from Alzheimer's (AD) and Schizophrenia (SCZ) datasets had poor predictive power. We developed a non-parametric meta-analysis method, SumRank, based on reproducibility of relative differential expression ranks...

Previous work showed that natural selection has acted to minimize the genomic frequencies of representative dynamic DNA sequences capable of forming G-quadruplex, Triplex, hairpin, and i-motif structures in long-lived mammals, thus diminishing the mutagenic potential of their genomes. This report extends findings with single sequences to broadly distributed G3-4N1-7G3-4N1-7G3-4N1-7G3-4 dynamic sequence motifs and identifies a second, previously unknown, pool of dynamic DNA sequences that escape...

Obesity-related conditions are among the leading causes of preventable death and are increasing in prevalence worldwide. Body size and composition are complex traits that are challenging to characterize due to environmental and genetic influences, longitudinal variation, heterogeneity between sexes, and differing health risks based on adipose distribution. Here, we construct a 4-factor genomic structural equation model using 18 measures, unveiling shared and distinct genetic architectures...

No abstract

The progressive loss of cerebral white matter during aging contributes to cognitive decline, but whether reduced blood flow is a cause or a consequence remains debatable. Using deep multi-photon imaging in mice, we examined microvascular networks perfusing myelinated tissues in cortical layer 6 and the corpus callosum. We identified sparse, wide-reaching venules, termed principal cortical venules, which exclusively drain deep tissues and resemble the vasculature at the human cortex and U-fiber...

Aging is a major risk factor in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other adult-onset neurodegenerative disorders. Whereas young neurons are capable of buffering disease-causing stresses, mature neurons lose this ability and degenerate over time. We hypothesized that the resilience of young motor neurons could be restored by reexpression of the embryonic motor neuron selector transcription factors ISL1 and LHX3. We found that viral reexpression of ISL1 and LHX3 selectively in postnatal motor...

Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive cannabinoid, has been studied for its various health-promoting effects recently. This study investigates the effects of dietary CBD to the circadian clock of Drosophila melanogaster as a model animal and its many physiological effect to flies. We showed that CBD extended the period of locomotor activity in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting its influence on the circadian clock. Additionally, CBD improved sleep quality and extended lifespan under starvation...

CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest current impairment in vision or motor function may be strong indicators of prevalent dementia in older adults.

No abstract

The meninges serve as a critical interface between the peripheral immune system and the central nervous system, playing a crucial role in maintaining parenchymal homeostasis. Neurodegenerative disorders, such as amyloidosis and tauopathies, are marked by the accumulation of extracellular neurotoxic amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and intracellular tau tangles, respectively, leading to neuronal cell death and cognitive decline. The role of the adaptive immune response in these pathologies remains under...

The meninges serve as a critical interface between the peripheral immune system and the central nervous system, playing a crucial role in maintaining parenchymal homeostasis. Neurodegenerative disorders, such as amyloidosis and tauopathies, are marked by the accumulation of extracellular neurotoxic amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and intracellular tau tangles, respectively, leading to neuronal cell death and cognitive decline. The role of the adaptive immune response in these pathologies remains under...

CONCLUSIONS: Our study highlights the complex relationship between genetic legacies and modern diseases, emphasizing the need for gender-sensitive healthcare strategies that consider the unique connections between female reproductive health and aging.

CONCLUSIONS: Our study highlights the complex relationship between genetic legacies and modern diseases, emphasizing the need for gender-sensitive healthcare strategies that consider the unique connections between female reproductive health and aging.

Aging causes significant changes in gene expression and metabolic function of cells in various organs. Although it is known that liver regeneration is delayed by aging, the effects of aging on changes in gene expression and metabolic functions in liver regeneration need further investigation. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed changes in gene expression and metabolic function by liver regeneration in young and old mice to examine the effects of aging on these changes. During the process...