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A surprising new weapon against microbes linked to head and neck cancer could be as simple as chewing gum. Scientists developed a bioengineered gum that reduced HPV levels by up to 93% in oral samples from cancer patients and nearly eliminated two harmful bacterial species after a single dose of its extract. Even more promising, the treatment spared beneficial bacteria in the mouth.

New research involving more than 440,000 Americans links cannabis use to increased cardiovascular risk, with occasional users showing 40% higher odds of reporting a history of stroke. The findings suggest that even infrequent marijuana use may warrant concern, although researchers have not established that cannabis directly causes strokes or heart disease.

A major review of more than 350 studies suggests that eating less protein could slow aging, improve metabolic health, and potentially extend lifespan, challenging the widespread belief that more protein is always better. Researchers warn that many sedentary adults may be consuming too much protein, while emphasizing that individual needs depend on age and physical activity.

Scientists have discovered that tumors release natural antioxidants to shut down the immune cells responsible for destroying cancer, exploiting a surprising weakness in the body's defenses. Blocking this mechanism in mice restored immune activity and improved immunotherapy responses, potentially opening a new path toward more effective cancer treatments.

Lewy body dementia (LBD), encompassing Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), is defined by widespread α-synuclein (αSyn) aggregation and frequently exhibits coexistent tau and amyloid-β (Aβ) pathologies. However, whether αSyn pathology is sufficient to drive endogenous tau and Aβ aggregation has remained unclear due to a lack of in vivo models that recapitulate the full spectrum of LBD-associated proteinopathies and neurodegeneration. AIMP2, a parkin substrate...

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can modify pathological progression in Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disease in older adults, by spreading pathogenic factors. However, the function of mitovesicles (mtVs)-a recently identified subset of EVs-in AD remain unknown. Here we show that release of mtVs is enriched in brain tissue from patients with AD and 5×FAD mice. Administration of 5×FAD mouse brain-derived mtVs (ADmtVs) induced AD-like behavioral and pathological changes...

The hepatic microenvironment undergoes dynamic remodelling in advanced liver fibrosis. Hyaluronic acid (HA), a key component of this fibrotic microenvironment, plays a key role in disease progression. While cellular senescence is one of the fates that activated HSCs undergo and is associated with fibrosis resolution, the relationship between HA and HSC senescence in advanced liver fibrosis remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the specific mechanisms by which HA regulates HSC...

Previous studies have shown that amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers are implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ oligomers include various molecules with distinct characteristics, such as dimers and trimers; among these, Aβ dimers have been found to possess neurotoxicity. This study found that Aβ dimers can induce microglial proliferation, enhanced phagocytosis, and pro-inflammatory polarization in the mouse brain even before cognitive impairment occurs, and this effect was validated...

Nickel (Ni), the last essential trace element identified in plants, has long been enigmatic regarding the genetic basis underlying its homeostasis and its agricultural significance. Using genome-wide association analysis, we identified ZmNAET1 as a key transporter controlling Ni allocation to seeds. Mechanistically, ZmNAET1 mediates nicotianamine secretion and enables nicotianamine-dependent phloem loading of Ni in nodes and subsequent Ni translocation into sink organs. Mutants lacking ZmNAET1...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with increasing global burden driven by population growth and ageing, persistent harmful exposures, and substantial health inequities. The Lancet Commission on COPD articulated an ambitious vision for disease elimination with prevention, early detection, and intervention. This Review revisits that vision, assesses progress since 2022, and calls for a broader commitment to lifelong lung...