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Joint trajectories of physical frailty and social relationships and associated long-term care needs among Japanese community-dwelling older adults: a 6-year longitudinal study

3 days 18 hours ago
CONCLUSIONS: There are distinct joint trajectories of physical frailty and social relationships among Japanese community-dwelling older adults. These trajectories are associated with different risks of long-term care needs, with the progressive frailty and rapid social relationships decline subgroup facing the greatest burden.
Mengjiao Yang

Aging Impairs Macrophage Phagocytosis Through Mitochondrial ROS-Induced Collagen Production

3 days 18 hours ago
Macrophages are pivotal immune cells due to their phagocytic capabilities, yet the impact of aging on macrophage phagocytosis remains poorly understood. Using comprehensive in vitro and in vivo phagocytic assays, we demonstrate significantly reduced phagocytic activity in monocyte-derived macrophages from aged humans and mice compared to young counterparts. RNA-seq analysis revealed upregulated expression of extracellular matrix protein genes, particularly collagens, in aged macrophages;...
Yuming Wang

Pathological Interplay of ROS With Myofibroblasts: An Impediment to Corneal Restitution

3 days 18 hours ago
Myofibroblasts are morphologically similar cells with diverse origins that exhibit characteristics of both fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. Following insults, myofibroblasts play critical roles in tissue reintegration and restitution. However, their prolonged presence and activity impede physiological recovery, leading to persistent or progressive tissue complications, as evidenced in corneal fibrosis and opacification. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key signaling intermediates in various...
Mohammad Yahya Karimi

Your brain was never designed for this much bad news

3 days 21 hours ago
Humans evolved to pay close attention to danger, but today that instinct is being overwhelmed by an endless supply of bad news from around the world. Researchers say the answer isn’t to stop following current events—it’s to build healthier habits around how, when, and where we get our news.

This popular brain supplement was linked to shorter lifespans in men

4 days 16 hours ago
A large-scale study suggests that men with higher levels of the amino acid tyrosine may have shorter lifespans, potentially losing close to a year of life expectancy. The finding is especially intriguing because tyrosine is commonly associated with brain health and is often used in supplements aimed at boosting focus and performance.

Direct quantification of the metabolic heat output of individual Drosophila brains

4 days 18 hours ago
Quantitative insights into brain metabolism are essential for advancing our understanding of the energy dynamics in the brain. Here, we present a nanowatt-resolution biocalorimeter capable of real-time metabolic heat output measurements of individual, live Drosophila melanogaster brains. Using this platform, we show that female brains, across multiple genotypes, exhibit a significantly higher metabolic rate (∼10%-15%) than male brains at a young age (<10 days old) and follow distinct metabolic...
Kanishka Panda

Task-dependent changes in effective connectivity from limbic to cognitive networks during motor imagery of freezing of gait in Parkinson's disease

4 days 18 hours ago
Freezing of gait (FOG) is a debilitating symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD) that has been related to abnormal functional connectivity across motor, cognitive, and limbic networks. However, it remains unclear how directional (i.e., effective) connectivity between various networks is altered by an actual FOG-related motor imagery task. Twenty-four individuals with PD (11 freezers and 13 non-freezers) and 15 healthy controls underwent functional MRI. Participants performed a motor imagery task...
Seira Taniguchi