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Researchers found the psychedelic elixir would have been possible to make using ingredients and techniques available in ancient Greece

Induced pluripotent stem cells could help treat diseased hearts and brains

Exercise confers cognitive benefits in Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Skeletal muscle functions as an endocrine organ that secretes myokines which affect the homeostasis of extra-muscular organs, including the brain. Here we found that swimming exercise promotes secretion of skeletal muscle-derived extracellular vesicles (SKM-EVs), which are subsequently taken up via pinocytosis by microglia. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function...

Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is a rare multisystem disorder caused by the loss of functional ATM protein, leading to immunodeficiency, cancer predisposition, neurodegeneration, diabetes, heart failure, and premature aging. Although ATM's role as a sensor of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is well established, the mechanisms underlying the diverse AT phenotypes remain incompletely understood, with evidence suggesting they extend beyond DSB sensing. Here, we uncover widespread glycogen accumulation...

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CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: This study showed that the performance of frailty instruments varies strongly by outcome of interest, sex, and age. This has implications for the choice of the frailty instrument to use in different clinical and research contexts.

Aging drives increased susceptibility to respiratory infections by Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococci). Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) are among the first responders in the lung following pneumococcal infection and are required for bacterial clearance. However, PMN antimicrobial function declines with age. To identify mechanisms underlying this decline, we performed RNA sequencing on PMNs in the lungs of young and old mice following pulmonary infection with S. pneumoniae. We observed...

CONCLUSIONS: We identified genetic variants associated with increased risk of postoperative delirium. We also found evidence of shared genetic liability with Alzheimer's disease via APOE, complementing recent large-scale studies in all-cause delirium. If validated, the findings have potential clinical applications, including preoperative risk stratification and early identification of pre-clinical Alzheimer's disease risk.

Phosphorylated-tau 217 (pTau217) is currently the most promising blood-based biomarker for accurately detecting Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. However, interference from peripheral tau species in the kidneys or peripheral nerves can hinder diagnostic precision. Recently developed brain-derived pTau217 (BD-pTau217) assays emerge as highly specific tools for detecting AD-related pathological changes in the brain. In this study, we conducted a head-to-head comparison of the NULISAqpcr...

Circadian rhythm disruption is recognized as a feature of aging and neurodegenerative disease, yet whether intrinsic cellular circadian properties relate to underlying processes in humans remains unknown. We measured intrinsic circadian period and its deviation from 24 h (Δ-period) using ex vivo bioluminescence in dermal fibroblasts from 135 older adults with cognitive complaints. Associations with plasma biomarkers (pTau-217, neurofilament light chain [NfL], and glial fibrillary acidic protein...

The prevailing view frames microglia and macrophages as guardians against amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we overturn this paradigm by demonstrating that human phagocytic cells, including differentiated THP-1 macrophages and hESC-derived microglia, are not merely passive responders but active producers of extracellular, seeding-competent Aβ42 fibrils, the amyloid species most strongly linked to parenchymal plaque formation and neurodegeneration. These...

Circadian rhythm disruption is recognized as a feature of aging and neurodegenerative disease, yet whether intrinsic cellular circadian properties relate to underlying processes in humans remains unknown. We measured intrinsic circadian period and its deviation from 24 h (Δ-period) using ex vivo bioluminescence in dermal fibroblasts from 135 older adults with cognitive complaints. Associations with plasma biomarkers (pTau-217, neurofilament light chain [NfL], and glial fibrillary acidic protein...

The maintenance of protein homeostasis is essential for neuronal survival and function; however, it progressively declines with age, predisposing the brain to neurodegenerative diseases. Molecular chaperones Hsp70 and Hsp90 are key guardians of proteostasis, pivotally regulating protein folding, refolding, and degradation under both physiological and stress conditions. This review integrates an overview of the structural features, isoforms, and mechanistic interactions of Hsp70 and Hsp90. It...

As the population ages, cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases have become major public health concerns. The human gut microbiota plays a major role in regulating neurodevelopment, neuroinflammation, and cognitive decline through the gut-brain axis. Emerging evidence reveals a possible association between alterations in gut microbial diversity and age-related neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and neurodegeneration. Regional and dietary differences shape the gut...

Erzhi Pills (EZP), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, has demonstrated potential aging-modulating properties, while its mechanisms in modulating immunosenescence remain incompletely understood. Two complementary aging murine models were employed to investigate the anti-immunosenescence efficacy of EZP, providing experimental validation for its translational application in delaying age-related immune decline. Morphological and physiological parameters were monitored and thymic/splenic organ...