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White matter (WM) abnormalities have emerged as a critical element in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, shifting from their former status as a passive consequence to an active contributor to disease progression. Notably, microstructural WM alterations, detectable early via advanced neuroimaging techniques such as diffusion tensor imaging, frequently precede overt gray matter atrophy and cognitive decline, highlighting their potential as early contributors to AD pathogenesis. The origins of...

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for approximately half of all heart failure cases and predominantly affects older individuals, yet effective treatments remain limited. The molecular mechanisms linking cardiac aging to HFpEF are not fully understood. Here we show that the transcriptional regulator Sub1 is upregulated in aged hearts and in mouse models of HFpEF. Cardiac overexpression of Sub1 shortens lifespan, exacerbates diastolic dysfunction, and accelerates...

Cellular aging is accompanied by progressive alterations in metabolic homeostasis, stress adaptation, and organelle function. Increasing evidence suggests that functional coordination among membrane-bound organelles, including mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), lysosomes, peroxisomes, and the Golgi apparatus, contributes to cellular homeostasis during aging. However, the mechanisms linking kinase signaling to specific inter-organelle contact sites or communication pathways remain...

Researchers have identified the brain circuitry that links deep sleep with the release of growth hormone, revealing how the two regulate each other. The newly discovered feedback loop helps explain why poor sleep can interfere with growth, muscle repair, fat metabolism, and brain function. Understanding this system could pave the way for new therapies for sleep disorders and diseases tied to metabolism and the brain, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

Some people live past 100 with remarkable health, and researchers may have uncovered one reason why. A new study found that centenarians have a unique chemical "fingerprint" in their blood that sets them apart from normal aging, including unusual patterns of bile acids and steroids linked to longer survival.

A UCLA study has identified a hidden Achilles' heel in aggressive small cell cancers that have resisted new treatments for decades. Scientists found that tumors lacking the RB gene become critically dependent on the protein E2F3 for survival. Blocking E2F3 shut down tumor growth in laboratory models, and existing FDA-approved drugs may be able to exploit this vulnerability. The discovery could pave the way for faster development of more effective therapies.

Flexible pressure sensors are key components of Internet of Things systems for monitoring environmental and physiological signals, yet simultaneously achieving a high sensitivity, a fast response time, and a high mechanical durability remains challenging owing to the lack of sophisticated structural designs that balance sensing performance and robustness. Here, we demonstrate a multiscale artificial spider web (MASW) fabricated via copper-mesh-assisted electrospinning of biodegradable polylactic...

Brain maintenance - the preservation of brain structure or function relevant to cognitive performance - remains challenging to quantify. Here, we propose a domain-general brain maintenance index derived by jointly modelling the longitudinal co-evolution of ageing-related atrophy (via medial temporal lobe to ventricle ratio, MTLV-ratio), white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and global cognition assessed by the preclinical Alzheimer's cognitive composite (PACC5) using latent growth curve...

CONCLUSIONS: In humans, available evidence suggests that nutritional interventions may preferentially affect senescence-associated inflammatory and secretory biomarker profiles, particularly SASP-related mediators, rather than markers more directly related to senescent cell abundance. However, because SASP factors and circulating cytokines are heterogeneous and not specific to senescent cells, these findings should be interpreted as evidence for possible modulation of senescence-associated...

CONCLUSIONS: We unveiled the critical role of Sirt3 in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and mitigating intervertebral disc degeneration progression via regulating Ckm and Atp2a1. We provide a novel therapeutic strategy of activating of Sirt3 by 2-APQC to treat intervertebral disc degeneration.

Chyawanprash is an ancient Ayurvedic superfood described for its antioxidant, anti-ageing and immunity-boosting properties. Prolonged exposure to environmental stressors such as extreme heat, air pollution and toxins could lead to several diseases by triggering oxidative stress and inflammation. These stress response pathways, conserved in humans and C. elegans, play crucial roles in the progression of neurological and metabolic diseases. Present study examines the role of the ancient Ayurvedic...

Brain maintenance - the preservation of brain structure or function relevant to cognitive performance - remains challenging to quantify. Here, we propose a domain-general brain maintenance index derived by jointly modelling the longitudinal co-evolution of ageing-related atrophy (via medial temporal lobe to ventricle ratio, MTLV-ratio), white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and global cognition assessed by the preclinical Alzheimer's cognitive composite (PACC5) using latent growth curve...

Biological age often diverges from chronological age, yet its independent impact on surgical outcomes remains poorly defined. We evaluated PhenoAge, a validated biological age metric, in an international multi-cohort study comprising over 430,000 surgical patients across the UK, USA, and South Korea. In the UK Biobank (N = 291,845), PhenoAge was a robust, independent predictor of 1-year mortality (OR 1.043; p < 0.001), major adverse cardiovascular events (OR 1.041; p < 0.001), and 30-day...

CONCLUSION: This study demonstrate that it is urgent to involve community pharmacies into age-friendly initiatives, to create safe environments for older population which is one of the most frequent patients in community pharmacies.

CONCLUSIONS: Lower SHR values were associated with increased vulnerability to geriatric syndromes, particularly probable sarcopenia and frailty, in older adults. These findings suggest that SHR may reflect impaired metabolic adaptation and reduced physiological reserve in aging populations. Further prospective studies are needed to establish the clinical utility of SHR as a marker of geriatric vulnerability.

CONCLUSIONS: Physical frailty was associated with lower IL-17 and higher TGF-β1 levels, suggesting that immune-related pathways beyond classical systemic inflammation may be associated with physical frailty. Rather than reflecting overt systemic inflammation, these findings suggest that biological pathways involved in immune regulation and tissue remodeling may be associated with physical frailty. IL-17 and TGF-β1 may therefore represent potentially informative biomarkers for future...

A new intranasal DNA vaccine may give the immune system an extra weapon against tuberculosis by targeting bacteria that can hide from antibiotics. In animal studies, it helped clear infections faster, reduced lung inflammation, and prevented relapse after treatment. The vaccine also enhanced the performance of drugs used against drug-resistant TB.

Using alcohol to cope with stress when young may permanently alter the brain, making it harder to adapt to challenges and increasing the risk of returning to drinking later in life. Researchers also found signs of brain damage associated with early dementia, suggesting the effects can linger long after alcohol use has stopped.

Some brains appear to fight back against Alzheimer's by helping immature brain cells survive damage instead of succumbing to it. Understanding this natural resilience could point researchers toward entirely new ways to protect memory and slow dementia.

Electroencephalography (EEG) slowing and reduced functional connectivity are markers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Lewy body dementia (DLB), but the significance of epileptiform discharges to these changes remains unknown. To investigate whether epileptiform discharges are associated with EEG slowing or decreased functional connectivity over time. In this longitudinal observational exploratory study, we included a total of 15 healthy controls, 25 patients with AD, and 10 patients with DLB. The...