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Biological aging is increasingly understood as a heterogeneous, multi-system process marked by organ-level vulnerability, cross-organ coordination, and variation in resilience. Advances in plasma proteomics, metabolomics, imaging, DNA methylation, digital biomarkers, and genetic epidemiology have enabled organ-level, system-level, and cross-organ age models, but these measures are often interpreted more strongly than the evidence permits. In this Review, we synthesize evidence on biological age...

Identifying senescent cells via single-cell transcriptome profiling data remains challenging due to cellular heterogeneity and overlap with other cellular states. Here, we present SenFlag, a streamlined gene signature for enhanced identification of senescent cells based on integration of core gene expression features. SenFlag was derived through systematic assessment of bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets across multiple senescence models. It captures a conserved transcriptional program...

CONCLUSIONS: These insights advocate optimizing medical resources, bolstering primary care, and fostering healthy lifestyles to reduce the burden of multimorbidity among older Chinese adults.

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Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) is a severe complication of thoracic radiotherapy with limited effective treatment options. Cellular senescence has emerged as a critical driver of age-related tissue fibrosis; however, its role in RIPF and potential as a therapeutic target are underexplored. In this study, we investigated whether emodin, a natural compound with known anti-aging properties, alleviates RIPF by suppressing radiation-induced cellular senescence. In a mouse model exposed...

Population aging requires innovative technological strategies that promote autonomy, functionality, and well-being in old age. In this context, mixed reality (MR), a technology that integrates physical and digital elements in a shared and interactive real-time environment, emerges as a promising alternative. To analyze the current state of evidence on the use of MR in the care of older adults, including its theoretical and practical implications. Scientific articles were reviewed in Scopus, Web...

Chronological age is the strongest risk factor for cardiovascular disease, yet individual trajectories of cardiovascular aging, particularly during late life, remain incompletely characterized. We performed quarterly echocardiography in 58 male C57BL/6 mice from 6 months until natural death, focusing on long-lived mice surviving beyond the cohort median of 24 months. Progressive body weight loss after 18-21 months defined the frailty transition and partitioned each mouse's lifespan into...

Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, dynamically respond to signals from their microenvironment, including adjacent neurons. Among these signals, nuclear contents released from damaged neurons have been implicated in triggering inflammatory microglial responses. Recently, we found that micronuclei (MNs) derived from neurons during the early postnatal stage act as intercellular mediators that alter the microglial characteristics. However, it remains unclear whether...

A new study suggests that apoB, a blood test that measures harmful cholesterol particles, is better than standard LDL cholesterol testing for deciding who needs more intensive treatment. Researchers found it could prevent more heart attacks and strokes while remaining cost-effective for the U.S. healthcare system.

A large study found that pregnant women are exposed to dozens of common chemicals, many of which were associated with earlier births and lower birth weights. Researchers also discovered that some replacement chemicals may be just as concerning as the substances they were designed to replace.

A new petition urges greater transparency amid growing ties to AI and other companies

Researchers discovered an “Achilles’ heel” shared by E. coli, Shigella, and other diarrhea-causing bacteria: enzymes they use to breach the gut’s protective mucus layer. By targeting this common vulnerability, scientists may be able to develop a single vaccine that prevents several major diarrheal infections before they even begin.