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Aging, and by extension age-related diseases, has traditionally been understood through classical evolutionary genetic models, such as the mutation accumulation and antagonistic pleiotropy theories. However, these frameworks primarily focus on the declining efficacy of organismal-level selection against mutations with deleterious effects in late life. Here, we propose a novel hypothesis: many chronic diseases associated with aging may emerge, at least in part, as a result of selection acting at...

INTRODUCTION: Cancer is associated with accelerated aging, including changes in muscle composition and cognition. However, the relationship between myosteatosis and cognitive function has not been investigated in older cancer survivors. This study evaluated the association between myosteatosis and cognitive function in this population.

Mitochondrial sirtuins regulate metabolism and are emerging drug targets for metabolic and age-related diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegeneration. Yet, the extent of their functions remain unclear. Here, we uncover a physiological role for the C. elegans mitochondrial sirtuins, sir-2.2 and sir-2.3, in lifespan regulation. Using genetic alleles with deletions that destroy catalytic activity, we demonstrate that sir-2.2 and sir-2.3 mutants live an average of 25% longer than controls...

CONCLUSION: Our findings underscore the importance of individual-level analyses in aging research. While QoL may appear stable at the group level, individual trajectories vary considerably. This has important implications for the use of QoL as a primary endpoint in clinical trials, particularly in geriatric populations. Notably, age alone did not significantly influence QoL over time.

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL), or presbycusis, is characterized by a progressive decline in binaural auditory sensitivity, particularly affecting high-frequency hearing and sound localization. The pathogenesis of ARHL is still unclear, correspondingly reflected in a lack of clinically effective intervention strategies. Recent advancements in audiology and neurobiology have illuminated the black box of the pathogenesis of ARHL. The intricate mechanisms underlying ARHL involve inflammation,...

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ coactivator (PGC)-1α, interacts with numerous transcription factors implicated in a wide spectrum of biological responses. It has been identified as a key player in the transcriptional regulation of many mitochondrial components. The activity of PGC1-α is regulated at multiple levels, such as gene expression, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational modification. The purpose of this review is to highlight the data...