Aging & Longevity

Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, being the most prominent cause of dementia with prevalence increasing as the population ages. While the majority of AD cases are late-onset (LOAD), current animal models predominantly represent the more aggressive, faster progressing early-onset AD (EOAD), limiting their ability in assessing early biomarkers and gaining deeper understanding of LOAD progression. This study explores a promising translatable model, the...

As the actuator of movement and a key regulator of organismal metabolism, skeletal muscle is a site at which inflammatory responses must be carefully calibrated to counteract stressors while preventing protracted functional impairments. Exercise, injury and aging are common forms of stress associated with inflammation; yet the specific inducers and sensors driving such inflammation remain poorly characterized. Multipronged assessment of acute and chronic endurance exercise models uncovered a...

Given the growing global interest in Healthy Longevity Medicine (HLM), the field lacks understanding about public knowledge and interest, which are crucial for any public health intervention relying on HLM. This study presents findings from the Healthy Longevity (HELO) survey conducted in Singapore, assessing public knowledge regarding lifespan (number of years a person is alive), healthspan (number of years a person spends in good health), and interest in HLM. This nationwide cross-sectional...

This Review discusses the current state of knowledge on the contribution of the gut microbiome as a potential key actor in defining how we age. The gut microbiome is a complex ecosystem that establishes lifelong dynamic interactions with the host at multiple levels (several gut-organ axes), differently influencing ageing patterns and age-related disease onset and progression across populations. Accordingly, the definition of a 'normative' gut microbiome remains elusive, depending largely on the...

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We investigated the association between physical activity (PA) intensity and dementia and cognitive decline in Australian community-dwelling older adults. This prospective cohort study uses data from 11,655 older adults (mean age (standard deviation, SD) = 75.0 (4.2) years, 53.4% females, 52.9% had completed ≥ 12 years of education), who were participants in the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) clinical trial and its observational follow-on (ASPREE-XT) and the ASPREE...

Given global population aging and the absence of aging-reversal therapies, elucidating the aging-related cancer risk association and developing cancer prevention strategies are imperative. This population-based cohort study analyzed data from the UK Biobank. Aging was assessed through four validated markers, including Klemera-Doubal method (KDM), PhenoAge, leukocyte telomere length (TL) and chronological age. Over a median follow-up of 13.5 years, significant associations between all aging...

Interventions that extend lifespan in animal models could, in principle, decelerate the aging process as a whole. Alternatively, they could act by suppressing one or more individual late-life pathologies that contribute to mortality. Here we show how, in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, late-life pathologies can compete in a hierarchical fashion to cause death, such that removal of one cause of death can unmask another. Under standard culture conditions, a major cause of death in elderly C....

Aging is associated with progressive tissue dysfunction, leading to frailty and mortality. Characterizing aging features, such as changes in gene expression and dynamics, shared across tissues or specific to each tissue, is crucial for understanding systemic and local factors contributing to the aging process. We performed RNA sequencing on 13 tissues at six different ages in male and female African turquoise killifish, the shortest-lived vertebrate that can be raised in captivity. This...

The decline in ovarian function with age affects fertility and is associated with increased risk of age-related diseases, including osteoporosis and dementia. Notably, earlier menopause is linked to shorter lifespan, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying ovarian aging remain poorly understood. Recent evidence suggests the gut microbiota may influence ovarian health. Here we show that ovarian aging is associated with distinct gut microbial profiles in female mice and that the gut microbiome can...

CONCLUSIONS: By prioritising system efficiency over family members' values, New Public Management principles influence and obstruct the dynamics and effectiveness of family members' involvement in the long-term care allocation process. To improve and enhance the involvement of family members, a paradigm shift towards a more family-oriented approach within the long-term care system is needed.

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Lithium-ion battery formation is a pivotal step that dictates performance, longevity, and manufacturing safety. At the core of this process is the formation and evolution of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), whose nanoscale thickness, high environmental sensitivity, and dynamic behavior have long hindered direct characterization. Here, we exploit the SEI-induced refractive index matching effect and utilize operando optical microscopy to directly visualize SEI growth in real time. Our...

The prevalence and severity of asthma increase significantly with age; however, the fundamental processes are still not well understood. This study investigated the interplay between aging and asthma, specifically focusing on two critical pathways: activating NLR Family CARD domain containing 4 (NLRC4) inflammasome and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 signaling. Using age-specific mouse models (at 3, 13, and 23 months) and hydrogen peroxide-induced senescent human bronchial epithelial cells,...

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Unfortunately, the early stages of this disease are poorly understood, which has led to limited treatment options. Investigating normal changes in tissues eventually affected by AMD can further elucidate the mechanisms of disease progression and lead to novel therapeutic targets. The primary cell layer affected in AMD is the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which forms the outer blood-retinal barrier (oBRB)....

Alternative splicing is a fundamental mechanism that ensures accurate gene expression, supports cellular adaptability, and expands protein diversity beyond the limits of a fixed gene pool. With aging, splicing fidelity weakens, contributing to decline in RNA homeostasis and disrupting essential cellular functions, including mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, genome stability, and immune regulation, and in turn accelerating tissue and organ dysfunction. Evidence from senescent cells, aged...

The macaque genus includes 25 species with diverse social systems, ranging from low to high social tolerance grades. Such interspecific behavioral variability provides a unique model to tackle the evolutionary foundation of primate social brain. Yet, the neuroanatomical correlates of these social tolerance grades remain unknown. To address this question, we expressed social tolerance grades within a novel cognitive framework and analyzed post-mortem structural scans from 12 macaque species. Our...

Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is a rare multisystem disorder caused by the loss of functional ATM protein, leading to immunodeficiency, cancer predisposition, neurodegeneration, diabetes, heart failure, and premature aging. Although ATM's role as a sensor of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is well established, the mechanisms underlying the diverse AT phenotypes remain incompletely understood, with evidence suggesting they extend beyond DSB sensing. Here, we uncover widespread glycogen accumulation...