Aging & Longevity

Ribophagy plays a critical role in maintaining ribosome quality, yet how ribosomes are marked for autophagic recognition remains poorly understood. Here, we identify the methyltransferase Dot1/DOT1L as a conserved regulator of ribophagy that generates an "eat-me" signal through methylation of Rpl12, thereby regulating ribosome quality. Under nutrient deprivation, Dot1 methylates Rpl12 at K41 and K48 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, enhancing its interaction with Atg11 and initiating ribophagy...

Vascular endothelial cell (VEC) senescence is a key contributor to vascular aging and atherosclerosis. Increasing evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can encode functional micropeptides involved in cellular regulation. In this study, we investigated whether 17β-estradiol (17β-E2) delays endothelial senescence through an lncRNA-encoded peptide associated with autophagy. RNA sequencing was performed in H(2)O(2)-induced senescent human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)...

The motion of liquid droplets on solid surfaces is commonly described by contact-line friction, which is generally assumed to increase monotonically with instantaneous velocity. However, such a velocity-only description cannot explain why static droplet friction can exceed dynamic friction or why contact-line friction can become velocity-weakening. Here, we demonstrate that contact-line friction depends jointly on sliding velocity and contact history. Using self-assembled alkylsilane monolayers...

Most vertebrates and insects undergo senescence: as they age, their rate of mortality increases while reproduction declines. We present data from a 34-y study on 3,285 colonies of known age in the western harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex occidentalis, that show the reverse pattern, negative senescence, in which mortality decreases and reproduction increases with age. Theoretical models have identified indeterminate growth and a lack of reproductive cost to growth as the key traits favoring the...

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction is an early feature of brain aging, but the endothelial mechanisms preserving barrier resilience remain unclear. Although we have reported α-synuclein (SNCA) supports vascular endothelial homeostasis, its role in the brain microvascular endothelium is unknown. Because SNCA loss suppresses eNOS/NO signaling and promotes endothelial β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) induction, we investigated whether senescence-associated SNCA decline...

CONCLUSION: Falls were associated with several demographic, socioeconomic, health-related, sensory, cognitive, and functional factors. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive fall-prevention strategies that address modifiable risk factors to reduce the burden of falls in aging populations.

CONCLUSIONS: Meaningful participation of older adults in DT for AI-driven assistive technology is methodologically and ethically important for producing acceptable, usable, and contextually appropriate technology. This evidence map offers guidance for geriatric researchers, clinicians, digital-health implementers, and policymakers committed to inclusive co-design with older adults, and identifies priority gaps for future primary research.

CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the importance of health and social context in shaping life satisfaction in later life and suggest the need for integrated interventions supporting both physical and mental well-being among older adults.

Terrestrial ecosystems maintain a stable time-allocation budget between growth and senescence, but whether this applies to the ocean remains unclear. Using fused satellite LiDAR and ocean-color data (2007-2022), we show that marine phenology is variable and asymmetric. In high latitudes ( > 50°N), the bloom growth-to-decline ratio (R(GD)) is declining by ~5.3% per decade. While the chlorophyll-increase phase has lengthened by 2.3-5.5 days, the post-peak chlorophyll-decline phase has extended...

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, and cellular senescence serves as a core driving factor in the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular degeneration and related diseases. Sirtuins act as a crucial molecular hub linking cellular senescence to CVDs, and their upregulated activity is closely associated with delayed cellular senescence and preserved normal cardiovascular function; therefore, the research and development of small-molecule...

Aging leads to significant hair changes, including alopecia and graying, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Emerging evidence highlights the role of the extracellular microenvironment, particularly dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT), in regulating hair regeneration and pigmentation. Previous studies showed that young murine dWAT improves age-related hair phenotypes via follistatin upregulation. This study investigates key molecular mechanisms in dWAT governing hair aging, aiming to...

Adult hypothalamic neural stem and progenitor cells (htNSCs) influence aging partly through exosome-associated microRNA (miRNA) cargo, yet how their miRNA targetome relates to hypothalamic aging remains unclear. We mapped htNSC-biased miRNAs onto miRTarBase to define a 1777-gene target union and tested whether gene-level target burden aligns with public hypothalamic aging transcriptomes. The primary Spearman correlation between miRTarBase-weighted burden and GSE188646 aging log fold-change is...

CONCLUSION: The combination of low PEF and high cardiometabolic burden identified an older subgroup at elevated risk of incident ADL disability. However, the small and heterogeneous multiplicative interaction and near-null additive interaction estimates did not support a consistent interaction beyond the separate associations.

CONCLUSIONS: This multi-database explainable machine learning analysis reveals robust cross-sectional predictive associations between frailty and concurrent depression among older adults with multimorbidity. The predictive models facilitate clinical risk stratification for the concurrent screening of high-risk individuals for both conditions. However, the present cross-sectional design prohibits confirmation of temporal ordering and causal reciprocal reinforcement. The findings highlight the...

CONCLUSIONS: Physical performance assessed by the SPPB was significantly associated with dementia risk. These findings support the potential value of the SPPB in identifying older adults at higher risk of dementia. Future intervention studies are needed to determine whether improving physical performance can reduce dementia risk.

CONCLUSION: L1 expression increased in the aged mouse PFC and is associated with coordinated downregulation of neuronal gene networks rather than other major aging-associated transcriptional programs. These findings further characterize the molecular context of increased L1 expression during normal brain aging.

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Aging is the dominant risk factor for retinal neurodegeneration, yet the upstream regulators that coordinate senescence-associated programs across retinal cell types remain incompletely defined. Here we combined bulk RNA-seq and quantitative proteomics of retinas from naturally aged (24-month) and young (4-month) mice to define age-associated molecular programs and infer upstream regulators. We identified coordinated but imperfect transcript-protein coupling, with prominent immune and metabolic...

A progressive decline in testosterone levels is a hallmark of male reproductive aging and is closely associated with impaired Leydig cell function. Leydig cell function relies on intracellular homeostasis, with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis playing a particularly important role in steroidogenesis. The ER supports steroidogenesis by regulating protein quality control, lipid and cholesterol metabolism, calcium homeostasis, and interactions between organelles. With advancing age, the...

How diet shapes aging and age-related diseases marked by senescent cell accumulation remains unclear. Here we report vanadyl sulfate (VS), a mineral dietary supplement, as a senolytic agent. Oral VS ameliorates phenotypes of aging and diverse age-related disorders and extends lifespan in male mice. Integrated functional omics analyses show that senescent cells exhibit globally reduced proteome cysteine reactivity but increased expression and apparent cysteine reactivity of proteins essential for...