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Scientists discovered that kombucha’s flavor, chemistry, and antioxidant activity vary dramatically depending on the tea used to make it. Green and oolong tea kombuchas emerged as the most biologically active, while fermentation transformed each tea into a distinctly different beverage.

Researchers uncovered why H5N1 bird flu attacks cows’ udders instead of their lungs: the virus’s preferred receptors are concentrated in mammary tissue. The breakthrough could help scientists predict future bird flu jumps and spot unusual infections before they spread widely.

A new study suggests that learning and remembering speech relies more on how the brain processes sounds and sensations than on the areas that control mouth and face movements. The discovery could reshape speech therapy and help improve future brain-based communication technologies.

Researchers found that highly drug-resistant bacteria from hospitals are also resistant to glyphosate, a commonly used weedkiller. The discovery suggests that agricultural herbicides may be helping antibiotic-resistant microbes survive and spread far beyond healthcare settings.

The once-obscure Danionella fish takes center stage as a model research organism in a major new project funded by Howard Hughes Medical Institute

Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4), a member of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family, is a central epigenetic regulator that links histone acetylation-dependent chromatin remodelling to transcriptional control. Through recognition of acetylated lysine residues and recruitment of transcriptional machinery, it is increasingly recognised as a critical regulator of neuronal and glial functions, influencing synaptic plasticity, neuroinflammation, learning, memory, and behavioural...

Necroptosis is a form of controlled cell death implicated in neuronal loss observed in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Down syndrome (DS) is also characterized by the presence of neuronal cell loss, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Brain tissue from a mouse model of DS, Ts65dn mice, and subjects with DS were assessed for levels of necroptosis markers including receptor-interactive protein kinase 1 and 3, necroptosis executor mixed lineage kinase domain-like...

Southern European countries have some of the highest life expectancies in the world, yet they display relatively high frailty. We examined different diets to identify compositions that promote both healthspan and strength in mice. The western and ketogenic diets increased fat mass and frailty and increased either cholesterol or insulin resistance, whereas a low-protein longevity diet, modeling the traditional Mediterranean and Okinawan diets but supplemented with methionine (LDMM), reduced fat...

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a crucial energy sensor that regulates a wide range of important processes in skeletal muscle. AMPK is present in several subcellular compartments (including the cytosol, nucleus, and mitochondria). However, the influence of physiologically relevant interventions on AMPK's localization in skeletal muscle is not well understood, especially during older age. Accordingly, this study examined AMPK signaling in skeletal muscle from aged male rats...

The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) serves as a central metabolic hub that integrates nutrient signals and orchestrates cellular metabolism to regulate many fundamental cell processes. While mTORC1 activation is known to occur both on lysosomal membranes and at the Golgi apparatus in response to environmental cues, the molecular mechanisms governing its Golgi-associated activation remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified YIF1A as a novel Golgi-localized regulator...

Exploiting cost-effective trifunctional electrocatalysts toward oxygen evolution reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reaction is important for sustainable energy conversion and storage devices yet challenging. Here, we report a single-phase trifunctional electrocatalyst Sr(2)CoRuO(6-δ) with well-defined super-exchange double perovskite structure, which can efficiently catalyze oxygen evolution, hydrogen evolution and oxygen reduction under alkaline conditions. As an air...

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The long-term impact of atrial fibrillation (AF) and systemic inflammation on muscle health and, hence, functional decline remains unclear. This study investigates the link between AF and longitudinal trajectories of muscle mass and strength, considering the role played by systemic inflammation. Data were obtained from 2048 participants (≥ 60 years) in the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K), followed for 12 years. Muscle mass and strength were assessed using calf...

Future deep-space missions will expose astronauts to microgravity and ionizing radiation, which induce molecular changes that mirror biological aging, including inflammation, cellular senescence, and fibrotic remodeling. However, the regulatory mechanisms linking spaceflight stressors to aging-associated molecular responses in metabolically important organs such as the liver remain incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of simulated microgravity and deep-space...

Aging is accompanied by metabolic alterations that may precede or parallel functional decline. While chronological age correlates with numerous circulating metabolites, the extent to which these associations reflect age-independent functional deterioration remains unclear. To identify plasma metabolites associated with muscle quality (assessed by bioelectrical impedance phase angle at 50 kHz) and pulmonary function (forced vital capacity, FVC) independently of chronological age, and to...

With the aging of the population, frailty has become a common syndrome that severely affects the quality of life of older adults. This study aims to analyze the correlation between cognition and frailty, physical activity and frailty, and elucidate the potential pharmacological targets of cognitive frailty and physical frailty.We conducted logistic regression analyses using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) to examine the associations between total cognition...

Epigenetic mechanisms are considered adaptive regulators of gene expression, yet mechanisms driving aging-associated DNA methylation remain unclear. Prior work hinted that epigenetic aging might reflect a response to oxygen availability, with age‑differential methylation in immune cells enriched near binding sites for hypoxia‑responsive factors ARNT and REST. To test this hypothesis, we exposed adult (11 months) and old (23 months) mice to 1 month of intermittent hypoxia (IH) followed by...

Antibodies are proteins prized for their ability to bind to extracellular antigens with exceptionally high affinities and specificities. These features have motivated researchers to utilize antibody-antigen binding to inhibit intracellular disease targets in the proteome, yet delivery of antibodies into the cytosol of cells has long been a considerable challenge. Here, we outline the development of a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) platform for delivering antibodies into cells to selectively inhibit...

CONCLUSIONS: This scoping review charts the models of publicly funded home care across six high-income countries and identifies gaps in the evidence. The findings underscore the need for consistent and comparative evaluation of home care models as population ageing and policy attention to integrated people-centred care intensifies.