Aggregator

Moderate calorie restriction lowered an immune protein called C3 that appears to help drive chronic inflammation as the body ages. Blocking the same protein reduced age related inflammation in mice, raising the possibility that future treatments could mimic some benefits of calorie restriction without severe dieting.

A startling study suggests at least one in four NFL players develops CTE, but doctors still can’t identify it in living athletes

Britain’s postwar sugar rationing created a rare natural experiment that let researchers examine how early sugar exposure might affect health decades later. People who experienced more rationing during their first 1,000 days had lower rates of several cancers and showed signs of slower biological aging. They were also still eating less sugar and maintaining healthier diets around age 50.

Water droplets sliding across surfaces can gain enough static electricity to break down anticorrosion coatings

Previously collected fossils prove a treasure trove for understanding the origin of insects

A compound found in turmeric may help protect blood vessels from some of the damage caused by Type 1 diabetes. In rats, curcumin reduced inflammation, improved cellular signaling, and restored vascular health to levels resembling those of nondiabetic animals. The results hint at a possible new way to reduce the long-term cardiovascular risks of diabetes, but human trials are still needed.

Neuroinflammation and synapse loss are associated with cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although microglial hyperphagocytic activity has been implicated in synapse loss^(1-4), the mechanisms underlying these pathologies remain obscure. Here we demonstrate that, during AD progression in mice, astrocytes and microglia increase phagocytic elimination of excitatory synapses while reducing elimination of inhibitory synapses, suggesting that neuroinflammation alone may be dispensable for...

The GoDig platform enables sensitive, multiplexed targeted pathway proteomics without manual scheduling or synthetic standards. Here we present GoDig 2.0, which increases sample multiplexing to 35-fold, improves time efficiency and reduces scan delays for higher success rates, and allows flexible spectral and elution library generation from different mass spectrometry data types. GoDig 2.0 measures 2.4× more targets than GoDig 1.0, quantifying >99% of 800 peptides in a single run. We compile a...

No abstract

Skeletal muscle is the main motor organ and plays a vital role in regulating systemic metabolism and aging. Exercise interventions can address many metabolic and degenerative diseases associated with aging, though alternative strategies may be needed when exercise is contraindicated, inaccessible or insufficient. Here we developed subcutaneous transplantation of differentiated autologous myocytes (myografts). Myografts exhibited mature, vascularized structures that self-contract continuously in...

Inflammation is a pivotal driver of the progression from metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), an aggressive form associated with substantial liver-related mortality. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the initiation and persistence of liver inflammation remain poorly defined. Here, we demonstrated a previously unrecognized role for hepatic acetyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2 (ACSS2) in...

Interest in aging 'omic' biomarkers has grown due to their ability to quantify biological age. Most of these biomarkers have been derived in blood and fall into many diverse categories, yet relatively little is known about their correlative patterns, especially between biomarkers from different categories. Here we present the OmniAge R and Python package, a collection of 413 aging omic biomarkers representing 12 different categories, including traditional epigenetic clocks, epigenetic mitotic...

Human cells utilize gut microbiota-derived metabolites to control systemic metabolism. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is traditionally considered a hepatocyte-derived metabolite from microbial trimethylamine. Here we show that pancreatic β-cells also produce TMAO as an autocrine and intracellular metabolite to maintain β-cell function. β-cells synthesize TMAO via flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3), but this machinery deteriorates in humans and rodents under diabetic and ageing conditions....

The genus Myotis is one of the largest clades of bats, and it exhibits some of the most extreme variation in lifespans among mammals, alongside unique adaptations to viral tolerance and immune defence^(1-3). Here, to study the evolution of these phenotypes, we generated cell lines and near-complete genome assemblies for eight closely related Myotis species. Using genome-wide screens of positive selection, analyses of structural variation and functional experiments in primary cells, we identify...

No abstract

Age-associated hematopoietic skewing results in an increase in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, which serves as a strong predictor of all-cause mortality in older adults, although its causes are incompletely understood. Here we show that cytotoxic CD4^(+) T lymphocytes accumulate in the bone marrow of mice during aging and induce myelopoiesis, increasing the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. T cell receptor-dependent induction of mitochondrial stress and activation of STING upregulates the...

The associations between objectively measured sleep patterns, the hallmarks of aging, and their shared proteomic signatures remain poorly understood. In this study, we utilized wrist-worn accelerometer data, plasma proteomic profiles, and health records from the UK Biobank to examine the associations between six defined sleep patterns and nine established hallmarks of aging. We further identified proteins jointly associated with both sleep patterns and aging hallmarks. Longer total sleep...

Genotoxic stress induced by cancer therapies is increasingly recognized as a driver of accelerated aging in long-term cancer survivors, yet the mechanisms responsible for the emergence of age-related dysfunction months to years after treatment remain poorly understood. Here, we use sublethal whole-body irradiation as a model of systemic genotoxic stress to test whether senescent cells contribute to the progression of post-therapy age-related dysfunction and whether the benefits of senescent cell...

Sarcopenia is the age-related progressive decline in both skeletal muscle mass and function. It acts as an exacerbator of multimorbidity, engaging in bidirectional pathological cycles with multiple chronic diseases, and contributes substantially to increased mortality, disability and healthcare costs. Current nutritional support is often limited by a generic one-size-fits-all approach that fails to account for substantial inter-individual variation across genetics, metabolism, lifestyle, gut...