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Landslide win by Liberal Democratic Party clears path for targeted R&D spending plan

CONCLUSION: Among older Indian adults, elevated NfL and GFAP levels were strongly associated with poor cognitive performance. These biomarkers could aid future dementia screening and prognostication efforts. Longitudinal studies are needed to validate their role in large-scale screening programs.

Exercise improves cognition, mental wellbeing, and protects against neurodegeneration. However, most prior neuroscience studies have focused on localized brain changes without quantifying their impact on brain ageing. To quantify the effect of resistance training on brain health using longitudinal assessments. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data from 2,433 healthy adults, we trained models to predict brain age and applied them to 309 participants from the...

CONCLUSIONS: We provide our systematic testing framework as an open-source, publicly available tool that can be utilised to offer novel insights into the genes, tissues and cell types involved in any disease, with the potential for informing drug development and delivery strategies.

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Stress is one of the most pervasive causes of mental ill health across the lifespan. Subjective dimensions of stress perception, such as perceived control, are especially potent in shaping stress responses. While the impact of reduced or no control over stress is well understood, much less is known about whether heightened feelings of control buffer against the negative impact of later stress. We designed a novel paradigm with excellent psychometric properties to sensitively capture and induce...

Age-related alterations in the immune system-collectively known as immunosenescence-include both quantitative and qualitative changes across various immune cell populations, including B cells, natural killer cells and T lymphocytes, affecting their structure, phenotype and function. While these changes have been characterised biochemically and physiologically, their biophysical manifestations remain less understood, particularly in individuals that achieve exceptional longevity. Here, we...

Nucleotide salvage is crucial for maintaining DNA replication when de novo nucleotide synthesis is limited, but this metabolic flexibility poses potential threats to genome stability. Salvage kinases phosphorylate nucleosides broadly, allowing for oxidized and alkylated 2'-deoxynucleosides as well as posttranscriptionally modified ribonucleosides to enter the 2'-deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) pool. The ensuing contamination of the dNTP pool and the subsequent incorporation of modified...

DNA is most often found in its canonical B-form double-helical structure, but can also adopt alternative conformations, known as non-B DNA structures. Numerous non-B structures have been characterized, including G-quadruplexes, i-motifs, Z-DNA, hairpins, cruciforms, slipped structures, R-loops, and H-DNA. Non-B DNA motifs are enriched in functional regions, including near transcription start and end sites, topologically associated domains, and replication origins, suggesting their importance in...

Current single-cell metabolomics approaches are limited by insufficient sensitivity, robustness and metabolite coverage. We present an ion mobility-resolved mass cytometry technology that integrates high-throughput single-cell injection with ion mobility-mass spectrometry for multidimensional metabolomic profiling. Ion mobility-enabled selective ion accumulation and cell superposition-based amplification strategies substantially enhance sensitivity, robustness and overall analytical performance....

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Synaptic aging is a core manifestation of brain aging arising from the convergence of fundamental biological aging processes, including genomic instability, loss of proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and chronic low-grade inflammation. As highly energy-dependent and protein-rich sites of neuronal communication, synapses are particularly vulnerable to age-associated molecular stress. Accumulating evidence indicates that age-related impairments in synaptic vesicle...