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Microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, are transcriptionally diverse and highly dynamic, but during aging and disease they lose their transcriptomic flexibility and adopt a chronically activated state that is associated with neuroinflammation and pathology. An emerging transcriptomic process that is also increasingly implicated in brain aging, neuroinflammation, and disease is the dysregulation of transposable elements (TEs), repetitive genomic sequences with the potential to cause...

Age-related cognitive decline is a major social and medical challenge, but its mechanisms remain poorly understood; prevention and therapy are unsatisfactory. The tachykinin hemokinin-1 (HK-1), encoded by the Tac4 gene, is expressed in brain regions involved in learning and memory and has been implicated in neuroimmune regulation, but its contribution to age-dependent cognitive impairment remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether endogenous HK-1 modulates cognitive performance during aging....

Growth hormone (GH) exerts complex effects on metabolism, cognition, and overall physiological well-being, and its secretion is highly regulated by the circadian clock. The Growth Hormone Receptor Knockout (GHR-KO) mouse, a model of GH insensitivity, characterized by chronically elevated circulating GH, provides a unique opportunity to examine the consequences of disrupted GH signaling during aging. Given the close relationship between circadian rhythmicity and GH secretion, we investigated sex-...

CONCLUSIONS: Research investigators, staff, Veterans, and caregivers identified several cross-cutting challenges that are important in the recruitment and retention of older rural Veterans in research. The adaptations proposed here demonstrate that the 5Ts Framework can extend to intersectional aging populations, providing a model for broader representation in research.

Microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, are transcriptionally diverse and highly dynamic, but during aging and disease they lose their transcriptomic flexibility and adopt a chronically activated state that is associated with neuroinflammation and pathology. An emerging transcriptomic process that is also increasingly implicated in brain aging, neuroinflammation, and disease is the dysregulation of transposable elements (TEs), repetitive genomic sequences with the potential to cause...

Ozempic-like drugs appear to weaken more than hunger—they may also reduce cravings for alcohol and other addictive substances. Scientists are increasingly tracing this effect to the lateral septum, a brain region that helps connect memories and surroundings with rewarding experiences. Packed with GLP-1 receptors, it may act as a crucial control point between thinking about a reward and feeling compelled to pursue it. The discovery could open new approaches to treating addiction as well as obesity.

Scientists have pinpointed a brain network—and its distinctive electrical rhythm—that appears to drive the benefits of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease. The discovery could lead to more precise, personalized stimulation settings and better results for patients.

Ancient remains from Vietnam suggest diseases like yaws may have been passed from mother to child thousands of years ago, a form of transmission often assumed to indicate syphilis. The discovery could overturn how scientists interpret ancient infections and complicate the long-running mystery of syphilis’s origins.

A scientist’s car was burned at the proposed Sardinian site, in what researchers say was an attempt to intimidate supporters of the gravitational-wave observatory

The adult brain may be far better at repairing itself than scientists once believed. In mice, researchers discovered a special group of support cells called astrocytes that respond to damaged brain tissue by rebuilding lost cellular networks. Rather than simply moving into the injured area, these cells perform a remarkable maneuver: they create new nuclei and send them traveling through long cellular extensions to repopulate damaged regions.

Keratin extracted from sheep’s wool helped damaged bone regenerate in animals, producing tissue that was more organized and structurally similar to healthy bone than tissue grown with conventional collagen scaffolds. The discovery could turn an abundant agricultural byproduct into a promising new material for regenerative medicine.

With a lens array in Chile, astronomers capture clumps of gas from a dying star returning to the Galaxy

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Female fertility depends on a finite pool of oocytes that depletes during aging^(1,2), yet the spatiotemporal dynamics of this depletion remain poorly understood. Traditional methods obscure the three-dimensional architecture of the ovary, limiting quantitative insights. Here we combine light-sheet microscopy, artificial intelligence-driven segmentation and mathematical modeling to map over 85,000 oocytes in whole ovaries across the reproductive lifespan in mouse. We find that newly activated...