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Colorectal cancer is now the leading cause of cancer death among people under 50, and cases in younger adults continue to rise. Warning signs can include persistent bowel changes, recurring rectal bleeding, dark or narrow stools, unexplained weight loss, and fatigue. These symptoms often have harmless causes, but they should not be dismissed, especially when they are new or ongoing. Early detection can greatly improve treatment outcomes.

Miniature brain models grown from patients’ cells revealed striking differences in how Alzheimer’s-related tissue responds to an antidepressant. The organoids and the particles they release could eventually guide more personalized treatments and provide new clues for diagnosing the disease.

Catfish melanomas are the first example of a transmissible cancer in fish, genetic studies reveal

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Among community-dwelling older adults, MRI-derived muscle quality deteriorated substantially faster than muscle quantity over 4 years and more closely paralleled declines in physical performance. These findings suggest that age-related muscle deterioration is driven primarily by qualitative degeneration rather than simple loss of muscle mass and support the use of imaging-based muscle quality measures as sensitive biomarkers of biological muscle aging.

No abstract

CONCLUSION: HBDL-based free-weight resistance training is a safe, feasible, and effective strategy to improve body composition, trunk extensor function, and mobility in older women.

Homotypic targeting is the inherent ability of cells to preferentially interact with cells of the same type, a phenomenon seen in cell adhesion, tissue formation and immune responses. However, its potential remains underexploited. Here we report a strategy to substantially enhance homotypic targeting through extracellular vesicles secreted by cells. By engineering the surface of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) with lanthanides, we amplify specific cell-sEV interactions by more than 25-fold,...

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a blood disorder affecting millions worldwide. Emerging evidence reveals that SCD pathophysiology increases the risk of myeloid malignancies and hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) dysfunction, likely because of chronic stress on bone marrow. To investigate this further, we interrogated bone marrow hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from mice and individuals with SCD and observed molecular signatures of chronic cellular stress including oxidative stress, DNA...

Balance and lower limb muscle strength are essential factors in preventing falls in older adults. This randomized controlled trial investigated the effect of 8 weeks of dynamic neuromuscular stability (DNS) exercises on static balance, dynamic balance, and lower limb strength in older men. Thirty older men aged 61-76 years were randomly allocated to either a DNS exercise group (n = 15) or a control group (n = 15). The experimental group performed DNS exercises for 8 weeks (3 sessions/week),...

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) are now recognized as integral components of the proteostasis network that preserves cellular and tissue function across the lifespan. With aging, increasing oxidative load, metabolic imbalance, and Ca²⁺ dysregulation elevate the burden of misfolded proteins in the ER, leading to progressive UPR engagement. When ER stress is mild or transient, UPR signaling restores folding capacity, restrains translation,...

17α-estradiol (17α-E2) extends median lifespan and improves metabolic homeostasis in male mice through estrogen receptor α (ERα)-dependent mechanisms, but female mice are largely unresponsive unless ovariectomized or subjected to chronic high-fat feeding. Whether the gradual hormonal transition of natural reproductive aging similarly unmasks female responsiveness to 17α-E2 remains unknown. We tested whether 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD)-induced depletion of the ovarian reserve would render...

Aging is characterized by a progressive decline in cellular and tissue function, shaped in part by disruptions in communication between the extracellular matrix (ECM) and intracellular signaling networks. The cell surface receptor CD44 functions as a molecular hub, integrating signals from a remodeled ECM to regulate core aging programs including senescence, inflammation, and metabolic balance. This review synthesizes evidence that CD44, through its structural domains, isoform diversity, and...

DNA methylation is an established biomarker of human ageing and is used by a variety of tools to identify meaningful epigenetic signals. We investigated whether analysing CpGs grouped by transcript as functional units could generate a ranked list of transcripts most correlated with age that might otherwise be overlooked in genome-wide CpG-based studies. Here we present Epitage ( https://github.com/a00s/epitage ), a continuously updated ranked list of transcripts built from the GSE87571 dataset...

Scientists have found a way to revive vancomycin, a powerful antibiotic that some dangerous bacteria have learned to resist. Instead of creating an entirely new drug, researchers paired vancomycin with a small molecule called pghi-4, which blocks a bacterial enzyme linked to resistance. The combination restored the antibiotic’s ability to kill drug-resistant E. faecium, raising hopes that similar chemical helpers could rescue other failing medicines.