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Scientists have discovered that a buildup of a protein called Miro1 may be a hidden driver of insulin resistance in Type 2 diabetes, with preclinical experiments showing that removing it restores the muscles’ response to insulin. Exercise was also found to lower Miro1 levels in people with diabetes, revealing a potential new pathway for treating the disease.

Scientists at UC San Francisco have developed a powerful new cancer therapy that remains inactive until it reaches the brain, where it switches on to attack deadly tumors. The engineered immune cells, called B-SYNC CAR-T cells, completely eliminated diffuse midline glioma (DMG), an aggressive childhood brain cancer that is almost always fatal within a year, in two mouse models.

More than a century after Einstein revolutionized our understanding of gravity, scientists have uncovered a surprising new phenomenon hidden within his equations. Researchers at Columbia University and Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez have identified a theoretical process called "gravitational reconnection," in which structures within gravitational fields can break apart and reconnect, transferring energy into matter.

Scientists have discovered that fasting for just 24 hours increases a beneficial gut bacterium that helps the intestines regenerate after radiation damage. The preclinical findings could pave the way for new treatments that protect healthy tissue during cancer therapy, potentially without requiring patients to fast.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, and cellular senescence serves as a core driving factor in the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular degeneration and related diseases. Sirtuins act as a crucial molecular hub linking cellular senescence to CVDs, and their upregulated activity is closely associated with delayed cellular senescence and preserved normal cardiovascular function; therefore, the research and development of small-molecule...

Aging leads to significant hair changes, including alopecia and graying, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Emerging evidence highlights the role of the extracellular microenvironment, particularly dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT), in regulating hair regeneration and pigmentation. Previous studies showed that young murine dWAT improves age-related hair phenotypes via follistatin upregulation. This study investigates key molecular mechanisms in dWAT governing hair aging, aiming to...

MIT scientists have developed nanoparticles that reprogram immune cells directly inside the body to attack cancer and harmful immune cells, eliminating tumors and reversing liver damage in mouse experiments. The breakthrough could make powerful immune therapies dramatically simpler and less expensive while opening new possibilities for treating cancer and autoimmune diseases.

A major international study tracking more than 26,000 men found that very low testosterone levels were associated with an 18% higher risk of dying from cancer later in life. Surprisingly, testosterone itself showed no clear link to prostate cancer, although two other sex hormones did. Researchers believe low testosterone could be an important early warning sign of future health risks, particularly when levels fall below 8.6 nmol/L.

Scientists have discovered that sleep disorders are associated with structural changes in brain regions that control attention, decision-making, and emotions, potentially explaining why disrupted sleep can affect everyday thinking and behavior. The findings, drawn from 57 brain imaging studies, reveal both shared and disorder-specific patterns that could lead to more targeted treatments.

A surprising new study suggests that a stronger flu shot could offer older adults significantly greater protection against Alzheimer's disease. Researchers at UTHealth Houston analyzed nearly 200,000 adults ages 65 and older and found that those who received a high-dose influenza vaccine had a nearly 55% lower risk of developing Alzheimer's, compared with a 40% reduction previously associated with the standard-dose vaccine.

A study of more than 17,700 US adults found that people who use cannabis in multiple forms have dramatically higher rates of daily consumption and addiction symptoms than those who stick primarily to one method. Nearly 67% of those who used almost every form met criteria for cannabis use disorder, compared with just 15% of people who mainly consumed edibles.

Adult hypothalamic neural stem and progenitor cells (htNSCs) influence aging partly through exosome-associated microRNA (miRNA) cargo, yet how their miRNA targetome relates to hypothalamic aging remains unclear. We mapped htNSC-biased miRNAs onto miRTarBase to define a 1777-gene target union and tested whether gene-level target burden aligns with public hypothalamic aging transcriptomes. The primary Spearman correlation between miRTarBase-weighted burden and GSE188646 aging log fold-change is...

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CONCLUSION: The combination of low PEF and high cardiometabolic burden identified an older subgroup at elevated risk of incident ADL disability. However, the small and heterogeneous multiplicative interaction and near-null additive interaction estimates did not support a consistent interaction beyond the separate associations.

CONCLUSIONS: This multi-database explainable machine learning analysis reveals robust cross-sectional predictive associations between frailty and concurrent depression among older adults with multimorbidity. The predictive models facilitate clinical risk stratification for the concurrent screening of high-risk individuals for both conditions. However, the present cross-sectional design prohibits confirmation of temporal ordering and causal reciprocal reinforcement. The findings highlight the...

CONCLUSIONS: Physical performance assessed by the SPPB was significantly associated with dementia risk. These findings support the potential value of the SPPB in identifying older adults at higher risk of dementia. Future intervention studies are needed to determine whether improving physical performance can reduce dementia risk.

CONCLUSION: L1 expression increased in the aged mouse PFC and is associated with coordinated downregulation of neuronal gene networks rather than other major aging-associated transcriptional programs. These findings further characterize the molecular context of increased L1 expression during normal brain aging.

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Aging is the dominant risk factor for retinal neurodegeneration, yet the upstream regulators that coordinate senescence-associated programs across retinal cell types remain incompletely defined. Here we combined bulk RNA-seq and quantitative proteomics of retinas from naturally aged (24-month) and young (4-month) mice to define age-associated molecular programs and infer upstream regulators. We identified coordinated but imperfect transcript-protein coupling, with prominent immune and metabolic...