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What you eat before age 2 may affect your health 70 years later

1 day 2 hours ago
Britain’s postwar sugar rationing created a rare natural experiment that let researchers examine how early sugar exposure might affect health decades later. People who experienced more rationing during their first 1,000 days had lower rates of several cancers and showed signs of slower biological aging. They were also still eating less sugar and maintaining healthier diets around age 50.

Turmeric compound may protect blood vessels from diabetes damage

1 day 3 hours ago
A compound found in turmeric may help protect blood vessels from some of the damage caused by Type 1 diabetes. In rats, curcumin reduced inflammation, improved cellular signaling, and restored vascular health to levels resembling those of nondiabetic animals. The results hint at a possible new way to reduce the long-term cardiovascular risks of diabetes, but human trials are still needed.

Aberrant excitatory neuronal ERBB4 promotes Alzheimer's disease pathology

1 day 4 hours ago
Neuroinflammation and synapse loss are associated with cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although microglial hyperphagocytic activity has been implicated in synapse loss^(1-4), the mechanisms underlying these pathologies remain obscure. Here we demonstrate that, during AD progression in mice, astrocytes and microglia increase phagocytic elimination of excitatory synapses while reducing elimination of inhibitory synapses, suggesting that neuroinflammation alone may be dispensable for...
Se Young Lee

Next-generation multiplexed targeted proteomics quantifies post-translational modifications in disease and compound-protein interactions with high throughput

1 day 4 hours ago
The GoDig platform enables sensitive, multiplexed targeted pathway proteomics without manual scheduling or synthetic standards. Here we present GoDig 2.0, which increases sample multiplexing to 35-fold, improves time efficiency and reduces scan delays for higher success rates, and allows flexible spectral and elution library generation from different mass spectrometry data types. GoDig 2.0 measures 2.4× more targets than GoDig 1.0, quantifying >99% of 800 peptides in a single run. We compile a...
Steven R Shuken

Contractile myografts confer systemic anti-aging benefits

1 day 4 hours ago
Skeletal muscle is the main motor organ and plays a vital role in regulating systemic metabolism and aging. Exercise interventions can address many metabolic and degenerative diseases associated with aging, though alternative strategies may be needed when exercise is contraindicated, inaccessible or insufficient. Here we developed subcutaneous transplantation of differentiated autologous myocytes (myografts). Myografts exhibited mature, vascularized structures that self-contract continuously in...
Xupeng Liu

ACSS2-KAT5 complex-driven histone crotonylation orchestrates a pro-inflammatory program to promote the transition from MASLD to MASH

1 day 4 hours ago
Inflammation is a pivotal driver of the progression from metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), an aggressive form associated with substantial liver-related mortality. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the initiation and persistence of liver inflammation remain poorly defined. Here, we demonstrated a previously unrecognized role for hepatic acetyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2 (ACSS2) in...
Xiao Wen

The OmniAge compendium of aging omic biomarkers links mitotic clocks to clonal hematopoiesis and causality

1 day 4 hours ago
Interest in aging 'omic' biomarkers has grown due to their ability to quantify biological age. Most of these biomarkers have been derived in blood and fall into many diverse categories, yet relatively little is known about their correlative patterns, especially between biomarkers from different categories. Here we present the OmniAge R and Python package, a collection of 413 aging omic biomarkers representing 12 different categories, including traditional epigenetic clocks, epigenetic mitotic...
Zhaozhen Du

beta-cell FMO3-produced TMAO prevents NF-kappaB-mediated senescence and inflammation in ageing and diabetic conditions

1 day 4 hours ago
Human cells utilize gut microbiota-derived metabolites to control systemic metabolism. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is traditionally considered a hepatocyte-derived metabolite from microbial trimethylamine. Here we show that pancreatic β-cells also produce TMAO as an autocrine and intracellular metabolite to maintain β-cell function. β-cells synthesize TMAO via flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3), but this machinery deteriorates in humans and rodents under diabetic and ageing conditions....
Baomin Wang

Insights into longevity and virus-driven adaptation from Myotis bat genomes

1 day 4 hours ago
The genus Myotis is one of the largest clades of bats, and it exhibits some of the most extreme variation in lifespans among mammals, alongside unique adaptations to viral tolerance and immune defence^(1-3). Here, to study the evolution of these phenotypes, we generated cell lines and near-complete genome assemblies for eight closely related Myotis species. Using genome-wide screens of positive selection, analyses of structural variation and functional experiments in primary cells, we identify...
Juan M Vazquez

Cytotoxic CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells induce age-associated myelopoiesis through CCL5-CCR5 signaling

1 day 4 hours ago
Age-associated hematopoietic skewing results in an increase in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, which serves as a strong predictor of all-cause mortality in older adults, although its causes are incompletely understood. Here we show that cytotoxic CD4^(+) T lymphocytes accumulate in the bone marrow of mice during aging and induce myelopoiesis, increasing the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. T cell receptor-dependent induction of mitochondrial stress and activation of STING upregulates the...
Enrique Gabandé-Rodríguez

Associations Between Accelerometer-Assessed Sleep Patterns, Proteomic Signatures, and Hallmarks of Aging in Adulthood

1 day 4 hours ago
The associations between objectively measured sleep patterns, the hallmarks of aging, and their shared proteomic signatures remain poorly understood. In this study, we utilized wrist-worn accelerometer data, plasma proteomic profiles, and health records from the UK Biobank to examine the associations between six defined sleep patterns and nine established hallmarks of aging. We further identified proteins jointly associated with both sleep patterns and aging hallmarks. Longer total sleep...
Ruiyi Liu

Timing-Dependent Clearance of p16-Positive Cells Mitigates Radiation-Induced Accelerated Aging

1 day 4 hours ago
Genotoxic stress induced by cancer therapies is increasingly recognized as a driver of accelerated aging in long-term cancer survivors, yet the mechanisms responsible for the emergence of age-related dysfunction months to years after treatment remain poorly understood. Here, we use sublethal whole-body irradiation as a model of systemic genotoxic stress to test whether senescent cells contribute to the progression of post-therapy age-related dysfunction and whether the benefits of senescent cell...
Karla Valdivieso

Computational precision nutrition for sarcopenia and associated multimorbidity in ageing

1 day 4 hours ago
Sarcopenia is the age-related progressive decline in both skeletal muscle mass and function. It acts as an exacerbator of multimorbidity, engaging in bidirectional pathological cycles with multiple chronic diseases, and contributes substantially to increased mortality, disability and healthcare costs. Current nutritional support is often limited by a generic one-size-fits-all approach that fails to account for substantial inter-individual variation across genetics, metabolism, lifestyle, gut...
Guangran Fu