Aggregator

No abstract

Supplemental oxygen (hyperoxia), often provided to premature infants, can disrupt lung growth and contribute to development of neonatal and pediatric lung diseases, necessitating understanding of underlying mechanisms. We previously showed that even moderate hyperoxia (< 60% O(2)) induces detrimental cellular senescence in 18-22 weeks human fetal airway smooth muscle (fASM), a key cell type in airway contractility and remodeling. In this study, we examined the ability of senotherapeutics...

Among older adults with early breast cancer, the risk of chemotoxicity can vary widely despite similar chronological age. Here, we evaluated whether epigenetic indicators of biological age can stratify the risk of chemotoxicity in this population. In a prospective study of 394 women age > 65 with stage I-III breast cancer treated with neo/adjuvant chemotherapy, we analyzed peripheral blood DNA methylation patterns to estimate epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) before chemotherapy. We tested five...

Aging profoundly alters the neuromotor and cognitive systems that support gait control, leading to increased variability and instability that predict functional decline and dementia risk. In this pilot study, conducted to inform the design of the Semmelweis Study gait assessment pipeline, we examined how aging and cognitive load influence the magnitude and temporal organization of gait fluctuations. The Semmelweis Study is a large, prospective workplace cohort at Semmelweis University designed...

Although plasma pTau181 has been shown to accurately discriminate patients with Alzheimer's disease from healthy older adults, there are few studies of plasma biomarkers among middle-aged populations. Given the potential utility of plasma AD biomarkers such as pTau181 in screening for disease risk, examining pTau181 in a middle-aged cohort without AD is important for future implementation. The objectives of this study were to characterise plasma pTau181 in a middle-aged birth cohort aged 45...

Chronic sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) to end organs plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of obesity-induced hypertension. Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), a key brainstem region regulating sympathetic outflow, have been implicated in the sympathetic overactivity in obesity. However, the upstream mechanisms driving RVLM neuroinflammation remain unknown. We hypothesized that obesity induces cellular senescence, a stress response...

CONCLUSION: Through integrated transcriptomic analysis together with in vitro experimental validation, this study indicates that TMEM140 may be a candidate bridge molecule connecting PD and AD comorbidity. TMEM140 may participate in shaping the peripheral-central immunosenescence network and contribute to the cross-system transmission of inflammatory signaling.

Record-setting Antarctic archive reveals sharp swings in carbon dioxide 1 million years ago

Small study that prioritized Black and low-income participants yields “remarkable” results

The ε4 allele of apolipoprotein E (APOE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) and exacerbates AD-related pathologies. Identifying strategies to mitigate the pathogenic effects of APOE4 remains a critical challenge in the field of AD research. The rare APOE3 Christchurch (APOE3Ch) variant has been suggested to be potentially protective against AD. Our study investigated whether hepatic expression of APOE3Ch could mitigate APOE4-associated AD pathologies. We...

Neurogenesis is the process by which new neurons are generated from neural stem cells (NSCs) and neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Impairment in this process can lead to cognitive and memory deficits, among other issues. Research indicates that defective neurogenesis is closely associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD). These conditions not only affect a significant global population but also exert profound...

Aging involves morphological and functional changes across different organs, but how these changes are linked among the different organs remains to be elucidated. Here, we uncover a central role of platelets in systemic aging. In aged mice, the levels of platelet-secreted pro-inflammatory factors (PSPF) increased greatly in the serum and platelets, leading to a diffuse increase of platelet infiltration in the brain, liver, lung, kidney, and aortic root. The RNA-binding protein HuR/ELAVL1, a...

Deoxyribonucleic acid provides unmatched information density and longevity for data storage, yet its easy amplification by polymerase chain reaction enables unauthorized replication at negligible cost. We introduce ZAT-DNA, which encodes information in patterns of canonical adenine and noncanonical 2-aminoadenine. As DNA polymerases cannot distinguish adenine from 2-aminoadenine, polymerase-based amplification erases these patterns, enforcing molecular-layer non-replicability intrinsic to the...

By eliciting lung necrosis, which enhances aerosol transmission, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) sustains its long-term survival as a human pathogen. In studying the human-like necrotic granuloma lesions characteristic of Mtb-infected B6.Sst1S mice, we found that lung myeloid cells display elevated senescence markers: cell cycle arrest proteins p21 and p16, the DNA damage marker γH2A.X, senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). These...

Metabolism unfolds within specific organelles in eukaryotic cells. Lysosomes are highly metabolically active organelles, and their metabolic states dynamically influence signal transduction, cellular homeostasis and organismal physiopathology. Despite the importance of lysosomal metabolism, a method for its in vivo measurement is currently lacking. Here we report a fluorescence-detected mid-infrared photothermal microscope (FILM) implemented with optical boxcar demodulation, artificial...

CONCLUSION: The DoMAP model provides a structured framework for capturing the diverse etiologies of malnutrition in older patients. This study emphasizes the multifactorial nature of malnutrition in hospitalized patients, with low intake and poor appetite emerging as predominant drivers.