Aging & Longevity

CONCLUSION: CS maintained better exercise performance in older adults, accompanied by perception that they could perform more repetitions compared to TRAD. However, the CS implemented did not significantly reduce perceived exertion.

Aging is associated with profound alterations in immune cell composition and function, yet the impact on peripheral γ/δ T-cell subsets remains incompletely understood. Here, we show that the peripheral γ/δ T-cell compartment is markedly remodeled with age in mice. Specifically, innate-like Ly-6C^(-) CD44^(hi) γ/δ T cells expand in secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) of aged mice, while adaptive-like subsets decline. This age-related shift is accompanied by enhanced functionality, with Ly-6C^(-)...

CONCLUSION: Our findings highlight HRV's dynamic nature and the need to consider the time of day when investigating the relationship between HRV and cognition. Compared to daytime HRV, reduced nighttime HRV may have a stronger association with worse cognition.

Senescent cells (SCs) accumulate with aging and contribute to the development of age-related pathologies. These cells evade apoptosis through upregulation of senescent cell anti-apoptotic pathways (SCAPs), making their selective elimination, a strategy termed senolysis, a promising therapeutic avenue. Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) represent an emerging class of bifunctional molecules that exploit the ubiquitin-proteasome system to degrade specific target proteins. By concurrently...

Age-related deterioration of the sensorimotor system can impair proprioception. This study aimed to characterize age-related changes in the sense of position and movement. Three experiments involved two groups of participants (29 young adults and 26 older adults) to i) evaluate the performance in a position matching task (Experiment 1), ii) assess the perception and reproduction of an illusory movement evoked by proprioceptive stimulation (mechanical muscle-tendon vibration) (Experiment 2), and...

Aging is characterized by progressive physiological decline and increased vulnerability to metabolic and inflammatory disturbances. Palmijihwang-hwan (PM), a traditional East Asian herbal formula, has been used empirically for age-related complaints, but its mechanistic basis remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the effects of early-onset PM administration (starting at 2 months of age) on longevity-related phenotypes and metabolic regulation. PM significantly prolonged lifespan in Caenorhabditis...

Sperm aging impacts male fertility and offspring health, highlighting the need for reliable aging biomarkers to guide reproductive decisions. However, the molecular determinants of sperm fitness during aging remain ill-defined. Here, we profiled sperm small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) using PANDORA-seq, which overcomes RNA modification-induced detection bias to capture previously undetectable sncRNA species associated with mouse and human spermatozoa throughout the lifespan. We identified an...

CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that while aging is associated with some types of cognitive decline, it also fosters unique cognitive strengths that can enhance certain aspects of creativity. The findings of the current study underscore the need to reconsider stereotypes about aging and creativity and highlights the interplay of executive and associative processes in creative ideation.

CONCLUSIONS: Medication adherence among rural elderly with CDs remains suboptimal and is shaped by factors spanning individual, interpersonal, organizational, and community levels. Interventions should integrate these multilevel influences to strengthen adherence and chronic disease management in resource-limited rural settings.

The conserved Ess1 prolyl isomerase (PIN1 in human) binds the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA Pol II, and plays multiple roles in transcription regulation. Consistent with an essential role of the human PIN1 in telomere maintenance, previous screenings have identified the yeast Ess1 as a telomere length maintenance gene. Here, we provide evidence that Ess1 is involved in regulating both telomere transcription and replication. We find that depletion of Ess1 leads to a failure in...

Improvements in wildlife husbandry mean that many zoo animals are living longer. This has put pressure on the finite holding capacity of zoos, which has often been addressed through a curtailing of reproduction to reduce population growth rates. Here, we explore how such actions have impacted the demographic trends of 774 mammal populations in European and North American zoo populations between 1970 and 2023. Irrespective of whether the data are clustered by region, taxonomic group, conservation...

Progressive lung fibrosis is linked to aging-related dysfunction in fibroblasts, which remains poorly understood. To investigate the alterations in fibroblasts, particularly the molecular programs driving this profibrotic evolution in the aging lung, we isolated senescent lung fibroblasts from aged mice. We observed aberrant vimentin aggregates, which correlate with accelerated fibroblast senescence. CRISPR-based screening identified calumenin as a chaperone protein essential for vimentin...

Aging studies using animal and cellular models have uncovered key proteins and pathways central to organismal aging. However, these models differ genetically and physiologically from human aging, posing challenges in translating discoveries to human contexts. In this study, we present a human normal cell aging model based on the development of cytotrophoblasts (CTBs) to syncytiotrophoblasts (STBs) in the placenta. The in vitro-derived STBs from human trophoblast stem cells (hTSCs) recapitulate...

Recent epigenome-wide studies have identified a large number of genomic regions that consistently exhibit changes in their methylation status with aging across diverse populations, but the functional consequences of these changes are largely unknown. On the other hand, transcriptomic changes are more easily interpreted than epigenetic alterations, but previously identified age-related gene expression changes have shown limited replicability across populations. Here, we develop an approach that...

This study investigates how older adults in Guangzhou navigate a rapidly digitalizing city through the lens of Bourdieu's habitus and capital. The study draws on semistructured interviews with 25 smartphone-owning adults aged 60+. Guangzhou's older adults follow path-dependent adaptation. Many use smartphones to continue familiar habits, while others adopt new routines. Yet, resistance persists when low education, limited resources, or fear of fraud reduce confidence. Adaptation is partial and...

ObjectivesCognitive function is shaped by social network characteristics, but the geographic dispersion of social network ties remains understudied. We examine whether having a greater proportion of network ties residing outside of one's local area ("network extralocality") may benefit cognitive function among U.S. older adults.MethodsWe analyzed nationally representative data from the 2015-2016 National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (N = 4,557) in multivariable regression models to...

Proteomics experiments on Drosophila reveal sex-specific effects in aging, and an important role for a protein called DIP-β.

Aging changes the lipidome and mitochondrial function in a sex-dependent manner, yet their associations remain poorly understood. Twenty-four younger (7M/17F) and forty-three older (21M/22F) adults underwent blood draws and skeletal muscle biopsies for this cross-sectional investigation. Plasma lipidomic profiling was performed via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, while peak mitochondrial O(2) utilization (OXPHOS) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) emission were assessed using...

Age-related memory decline is a hallmark of brain aging and a primary risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders. Microglia play a crucial role in preserving memory function by maintaining brain homeostasis through phagocytosis, yet the specific mechanisms governing this protective function remain elusive. In the present study, we identified a population of Secreted Phosphoprotein 1 (Spp1)-positive microglia in both aged mouse and human brains. To investigate the role of microglial Spp1 in...

Calorie restriction (CR) is a robust intervention for improving metabolic health and delaying obesity and age-related diseases, yet its translational utility is limited by adherence challenges and diminished effectiveness later in life. Dietary protein restriction (DPR), which reduces dietary protein without decreasing total caloric intake, has emerged as a promising alternative, yet its cardioprotective potential in the context of obesity and aging remains poorly understood. Here, we...