Aging & Longevity

Atherosclerosis, a key pathological basis of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, is closely associated with aging and endothelial cell senescence. The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in regulating endothelial cell senescence and atherosclerosis remains incompletely understood. In this study, we discovered that miR-375-3p expression was significantly elevated in the serum of both aged and atherosclerotic mice. Overexpression of miR-375-3p induced endothelial cell senescence, evidenced by increased...

INTRODUCTION: The aging global population underscores the need to understand brain aging and its links to neurodegenerative diseases. While most brain aging studies use cognitive impairment as exclusion criteria, preclinical biomarkers may influence results, potentially masking early pathological effects. This study evaluates how preclinical AD and vascular biomarkers impact brain aging models in cognitively normal subjects.

White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are an MRI-based biomarker associated with aging, Alzheimer's disease, and vascular dementia. Although the volume of WMH typically increases over time (growth) for individuals, WMH volume in some cases can also decrease (regress). This suggests the presence of active brain injury recovery mechanisms. Whether WMH regression reflects a true biological phenomenon or results from imaging artifacts or measurement errors, however, remains controversial. Here, we...

Sinus node dysfunction, a prevalent arrhythmia in aging populations, is characterized by fibrosis and loss of pacemaker activity, necessitating pacemaker implantation. Current therapies fail to reverse the underlying pathology. Small extracellular vesicles derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells possess regenerative potential but lack targeted delivery. Here, we engineer platelet membrane-fused vesicles that synergistically combine collagen targeting for ischemic injury homing with...

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant tumor with a high postoperative recurrence rate. It is crucial to develop innovative and effective approaches to prevent its recurrence. Herein, we focus on the important roles of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in the progression of GBM in mice and patients. Neutrophils accumulate around the surgical cavity and release NETs to promote the proliferation and migration of postoperative residual GBM cells. Injection of a hydrogel loaded with copper...

CONCLUSIONS: The RGGM model introduces a memory factor into its objective function, which assigns a greater weight to newer observations. This mechanism ensures the priority of new information during the modeling process, enhancing the model's adaptability. Furthermore, the model's structural parameters are solved recursively with each new observation, allowing the parameters to inherit information from previous data points. This recursive approach effectively improves prediction accuracy....

CONCLUSION: Affected by a variety of factors, the older person's low acceptance of institutional care remains consistent even when future disability is considered. This situation provides the background and ideas for China's current research on promoting social care services. For example, the nursing institutions should consider factors such as the age, education leveland income of the older person when designing elderly care services. The government can lower the threshold for the older person...

CONCLUSIONS: Hospitalizations for CVEs in elderly AF/AFL OAC treated patients increased the risk for all cause and CV mortality within 12 months from admission for AF/AFL. Hospitalization for HF bared the highest risk, but the residual stroke/TIA/SE risk was noteworthy.

Regulatory T (Treg) cells express high levels of the IL-27R, and in the setting of infection and autoimmunity, the cytokine IL-27 promotes Treg cell activities that mitigate tissue pathology. However, IL-27 appears dispensable for Treg cell development and maintenance as lineage-specific depletion of the IL-27R on Treg cells does not impact these populations at steady state. In contrast, when mice were generated in which the Treg compartment comprised a mix of IL-27R-sufficient and -deficient...

The hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) functions as the central circadian pacemaker, synchronizing peripheral clocks through oscillations in core clock genes and proteins. Circadian disruption contributes to immunosenescence, aging, and neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Previous work from our group demonstrated age-related changes in circadian rhythms of clock genes, protein levels, and serotonin metabolism in the SCN and substantia nigra (SN) of male Wistar...

Aging is commonly attributed to accumulated damage, or evolved antagonistic genetic trade-offs, which lead to an accumulation of damage causing misexpression of genes necessary for longevity. We propose an atavistic dysregulation of gene expression at cellular and tissue levels during aging, framing aging as a gradual regression toward ancestral cellular states. Similarly to the atavistic model of cancer, in which cells revert to unicellular-like behavior, aging may result from the breakdown of...

CONCLUSION: ML algorithms can effectively predict the occurrence of frailty in Chinese elderly and identify significant factors associated with frailty. For datasets with complex feature interactions, LightGBM is preferable, while Random Forest offers improved stability and variance control. These findings support ML-based frailty screening and intervention strategies for aging populations.

Liver aging is characterized by pathological features including lipid deposition, exacerbated chronic inflammation, and increased cell death. Although exercise intervention has been proven effective in delaying liver aging, its fundamental biochemical mechanism remains unclear. This study utilized a naturally aged mouse model and an in vitro cellular senescence system to reveal, for the first time, the cascade mechanism by which β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB), a core protective mediator induced by...

Previous studies have developed proteomic aging clocks to estimate biological age and predict mortality and age-related diseases. However, these earlier clocks were based on cross-sectional data, capturing only the cumulative aging burden at a single time point but were unable to reflect the dynamic trajectory of biological aging over time. We constructed a longitudinal proteomic aging index (LPAI) using data from 4684 plasma proteins measured by the SomaScan 5K Array across three visits in the...

The increasing prevalence of age-related osteoporosis has emerged as a critical public health issue in the context of the globally aging population. Chronic oxidative stress, induced by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated with aging, is a critical factor underlying the development of osteoporosis in elderly individuals and a diminished capacity for bone formation and osteogenic differentiation. However, the mechanism underlying age-related osteoporosis remains unclear. MACF1...

Aging involves a progressive decline in physiological function, leading to organ damage and age-related chronic diseases. Natural products derived from traditional herbs represent a valuable resource for identifying anti-aging compounds and potential lead candidates. In this study, a screen of an herbal library using Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) identified the 75% ethanol extract of Callicarpa nudiflora Hook (LWLY01) as a potent lifespan-extending agent. Further fractionation revealed...

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The glymphatic system was initially considered as a perivascular channel, responsible for the clearance of substances within the brain. With the deepening comprehension of the functions of the extracellular space (ECS) and the discovery of meningeal lymphatic vessels and subarachnoid lymphatic-like membrane, it is proposed that the glymphatic system should be a complex system encompassing the perivascular space, ECS, and lymphatic-like structures, and it plays crucial roles in the delivery of...

Biological age is an important indicator of organ functions and health. Although mammograms are widely used in breast cancer screening, the potential of mammogram-based biological age predictors remains underexplored. Here, we propose a deep learning model to estimate the biological age of the breast using healthy mammograms. The model is developed on three large datasets and externally validated on two additional datasets, encompassing 95,826 mammograms from 44,497 women aged 18 to 98 years. It...

The cell cycle is a key regulator of endothelial cell specification into tip and stalk cell phenotypes, which are essential for angiogenesis in both normal development and pathological conditions. While the tumor suppressor p53 is known to regulate the cell cycle and influence cell fate, its role in modulating the cell fate of these phenotypes remains unclear. Using non-genotoxic small molecule and stapled peptide compounds to pharmacologically activate p53 via MDM2 inhibition, we demonstrate...