Aging & Longevity

Nitric oxide (NO) is a pleiotropic gaseous mediator that regulates tissue homeostasis. At physiological levels, it functions as a precise signaling molecule through soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) activation and the reversible S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues. However, in the context of aging and fibrosis, oxidative stress disrupts this balance. The increased generation of superoxide (O₂•⁻) anions diverts NO from homeostatic signaling to form peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻), a potent oxidant. This...

Aging, stress-related disorders, and chronic disease are often examined across separate domains-stress physiology, nutrition, psychiatry, and geroscience-despite converging on shared phenotypes of functional decline and reduced resilience. Although adaptive responses to stress are well characterized, why comparable exposures yield sustained resilience in some individuals but progressive dysfunction in others remains insufficiently explained. We propose that the missing unifying constraint is not...

This study examined associations between dietary habits and the risk of developing Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Incidence of Dementia (CAIDE)-predicted late-life dementia risk in Korean adults. A total of 5,042 participants aged 40-69 years were included. We assessed associations between dietary patterns-the Mediterranean diet, Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet, Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI), and Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Index...

Vitamin K2 is a fat-soluble vitamin that has been reported to exhibit significant anti-stress activity. Anti-stress properties are considered to be closely associated with lifespan extension. Therefore, we investigated the effects of vitamin K2 on the lifespan and stress resistance of Caenorhabditis elegans, as well as the underlying mechanisms. In the present study, we found that the effects of Vitamin K2 on C. elegans are concentration-dependent. High concentrations (10 μM) of Vitamin K2 are...

Life's Essential 8 (LE8) provides a multidimensional framework to assess cardiovascular health (CVH) in aging populations. The objective of this study was to describe LE8 component scores and their variation by age, sex, and psychosocial factors in middle-aged and older adults from Cádiz, Spain. Cross-sectional data were analyzed from 495 adults aged 50-79 years (59.4% women; 34.7% ≥ 65 years). LE8 scores were calculated following American Heart Association guidelines. Group comparisons used...

UVB-induced lens epithelial cell (LEC) senescence is among the important factors involved in the pathogenesis of age-related cataract (ARC). This study aimed to investigate the anti-aging effect of metformin (Met) and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect. RNA sequencing, nontargeted metabolomics analysis and network pharmacology were conducted. The expression of senescence indicators (P53 and P21^(Cip1)) and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity were...

CONCLUSIONS: A self-administered online geriatric screening tool adapted from the ICOPE framework is feasible, acceptable, and effective in detecting GSs in primary care. The high prevalence of GSs highlights the urgent need for scalable digital solutions. Integrating online screening into primary care workflows could facilitate early identification, optimize resource use, and promote healthy aging in resource-constrained settings.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the use of white noise can result in improving sleep quality and may be helpful in reducing fatigue in community-dwelling older adults and can be recommended as an low effort, low-cost and safe strategy to enhance sleep and reduce fatigue in older individuals.

Cancer-associated cachexia (CAC) is a multifactorial wasting syndrome characterized by progressive loss of fat and lean mass, systemic inflammation, and poor therapeutic responsiveness. While brown adipose tissue (BAT) is traditionally considered a protective, energy-dissipating organ, its qualitative remodeling in CAC remains poorly characterized.Here, we demonstrate that CAC induces a senescent conversion of BAT, marked by thermogenic failure, fibrosis, inflammation, and acquisition of a...

CONCLUSIONS: The use of an aging simulation suit was associated with improvements in specific dimensions of clinical empathy among healthcare professionals working in long-term care. This educational tool offers a valuable experiential approach that enhances understanding and compassion toward older adults. However, these findings are limited to short-term, self-reported measures, and no behavioral or patient outcome data were collected. Further longitudinal studies are needed to determine the...

Physical resilience is a term used to describe an individual's response to physical and physiological stressors across the fields of gerontology and rehabilitation sciences. However, the term has not yet undergone a rigorous examination of its underlying assumptions, which has hindered its theoretical development and empirical measurement. This paper reviews the existing definitions of physical resilience in the context of human physical and psychological systems to examine its underlying,...

Global population aging has sharply increased the prevalence of age-related degenerative diseases, posing severe challenges to global public health and socioeconomic stability. Growing evidence links these disorders to the bidirectional crosstalk between gut microbiota and cellular senescence, yet the integrated interaction network governing multi-organ degeneration remains poorly defined. Age-related gut microbial remodeling reshapes metabolite profiles: beneficial metabolites mitigate cellular...

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CONCLUSION: This protocol represents the first structured effort to embed the WHO ICOPE model within the Greek healthcare system. By integrating professional training, community-based assessment, and digital documentation, the initiative aims to strengthen person-centred care, prevent dependency, and align national ageing policies with international standards.

The lymphatic system plays critical roles in immune defense, fluid homeostasis, substance metabolism, and cellular communication. Traditionally, it was believed that the vertebrate brain lacked a classical lymphatic system. Studies have revealed the presence of the glymphatic system (GS) and meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs), which are thought to play important roles in regulating material transport and immune processes within the central nervous system (CNS), in ways that resemble aspects of...

TP53 is the most commonly mutated gene in cancer, but it remains recalcitrant to clinically meaningful therapeutic reactivation. We present here the discovery and characterization of a small molecule chemical inducer of proximity that activates mutant p53. We named this compound TRanscriptional Activator of p53 (TRAP-1) due to its ability to engage p53^(Y220C) and BRD4 in a ternary complex, which potently activates mutant p53 and triggers robust p53 target gene transcription. Treatment of...

CONCLUSION: This study provides community-based evidence on dementia severity among older adults in two districts of Hai Duong province, Vietnam, showing that more than half of participants had moderate-to-severe dementia. Functional independence and quality of life were associated with dementia severity and may represent important considerations when designing community-based dementia care strategies.

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) accumulate with aging and metabolic stress and are increasingly implicated in osteoarthritis (OA) pathology. However, how AGEs regulate osteoclast-chondrocyte signaling remains poorly defined. Here, we integrated proteomic and transcriptomic analyses with machine learning to identify molecular networks altered by AGEs in osteoclasts. SIRT1 emerged as a central regulator suppressed following AGE exposure. Loss of SIRT1 deacetylase activity activated the...

Pancreatic cancers, whose incidence increases with age, are often refractory to treatment. Here, we identified a core mechanism shared by physiological homeostasis, senescent cell accumulation during aging, and pancreatic cancers. Pancreatic acinar cells, when stressed, secrete CXCL13, which protects stressed cells while transiently activating paracrine Hippo/YAP signaling to induce proliferation and PD-L1-mediated immune protection to maintain organ homeostasis. In the aged pancreas,...

Aging is a major risk factor for chronic diseases. Unlike the general population, members of long-lived families maintain exceptional health as they age, with over 10 years delayed onset of their first chronic disease. We therefore hypothesize that one of the key features explaining healthy survival up to high ages (longevity) is the absence of chronic disease risk alleles. We investigated this hypothesis in the Leiden Longevity Study, a cohort with data from more than 420 long-lived families in...