Aging & Longevity

CONCLUSIONS: Different lifestyles were associated with different health risks in older adults. These lifestyle patterns, such as low physical activity and social participation, were associated with increased physical frailty and subjective cognitive decline. These findings suggest that latent class analysis may be useful for identifying lifestyle patterns that could inform the development of targeted interventions to promote healthy aging.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is linked to a higher risk of premature aging, but the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. Using data from two population cohorts (UK Biobank and Finnish Twin Cohort), we evaluate the relationship between systemic and organ-specific proteomic and epigenetic aging acceleration and MDD. A lifetime history of MDD was associated with accelerated proteomic aging at both systemic and organ-specific levels-including the brain-in both cohorts, with...

One of the most abundant cellular components of the normal adjacent tissue surrounding colorectal cancer is colonic epithelial cells (CECs); however, little is known about their interactions with tumor cells. Here we found that peritumoral CECs collaborate with cancer cells to orchestrate a pro-carcinogenic niche. In clinical cohort analyses, we show that growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) levels increase in normal adjacent tissue, in particular in CECs, at advanced disease and are...

No abstract

Brain aging is a major factor in cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. Aging-induced microglial senescence critically drives inflammaging and brain aging processes. Nevertheless, the underlying reasons and mechanisms that promote microglial aging remain unclear. This study explores how 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC), a key oxysterol, accelerates brain aging by promoting microglial senescence, iron overload, and neuroinflammation. Clinically, we observed a significant...

The aging brain exhibits an increased inflammatory potential which in turn elicits behavioral changes e.g., social withdrawal. Social isolation is a risk factor for additional health complications, and interventions which can mitigate these negative facets of aging can improve longevity and quality of life in old age. The circadian system critically regulates neuroimmune function and behavior, but circadian rhythms also degrade with age, resulting in lower amplitude oscillations in activity and...

Torque teno virus (TTV) is a ubiquitous virus whose viremia increases in conditions of immune dysfunction and aging, suggesting its potential role as a biomarker of immunosenescence. This study investigated the association between TTV viremia and all-cause mortality risk over seven years in a hospitalized older cohort, and its relationship with inflammatory markers including osteopontin (OPN) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15). Data from 956 patients were analyzed, with high TTV load...

CONCLUSIONS: Elevated serum Cu/Zn ratio predicts adverse outcomes and sarcopenia, highlighting its value as a biomarker for clinical risk in older adults.

Mitochondrial dysfunction underlies a wide range of human diseases, including primary mitochondrial disorders, neurodegeneration, cancer, and ageing. To preserve cellular homeostasis, organisms have evolved adaptive mechanisms that coordinate nuclear and mitochondrial gene expression. Here, we use genome-wide CRISPR knockout screening to identify cell fitness pathways that support survival under impaired mitochondrial protein synthesis. The strongest suppressor of aberrant mitochondrial...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, but the molecular mechanisms underlying its course remain incompletely understood. We measured 4789 cerebrospinal fluid proteins in 1040 samples from 438 individuals with MS and controls followed longitudinally. To isolate disease-related biology, we adjusted for normal aging, sex, while also measuring residual effects of demographic and genetic covariates. Here we show that 3714 proteins are significantly...

Cognitive impairment in people with Parkinson disease (PD) imposes a substantial societal burden: PD affects over 1% of the population aged 65 years and older, and 24-31% of individuals with this condition develop dementia and another 26% present with mild cognitive impairment. Given the increasing prevalence of PD in light of an ageing population, the challenge of PD-associated cognitive impairment is likely to intensify. In this Review, we highlight the latest research advances in...

No abstract

CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights significant gaps in knowledge, training, and interdisciplinary collaboration in the care of OAWH. While both geriatricians and HIV specialists recognize the unique needs of this population, barriers such as insufficient training and role ambiguity hinder progress. Our findings support earlier, biologically informed interventions and integration of geriatrics into routine HIV care; targeted training and institutional support appear warranted.

Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) contributes to proteostasis maintenance by selectively degrading a subset of proteins in lysosomes. CMA declines with age in most tissues, including skeletal muscle. However, the role of CMA in skeletal muscle and the consequences of its decline remain poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that CMA regulates skeletal muscle function. We show that CMA is upregulated in skeletal muscle in response to starvation, exercise and tissue repair, but declines in ageing...

Neurofluids, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and interstitial fluid, circulate through regulated central nervous system pathways to clear cerebral waste and support brain health, with elevated CSF flow hyperdynamicity and regurgitation through the cerebral aqueduct associating with aging and neurodegeneration. Sleep exerts state-dependent effects on neurofluid circulation, yet similar modulation during unique waking states, such as meditation, remains underexplored. Notably, mindfulness...

Aberrant proteostasis in alveolar type 2 epithelial cells (AEC2s) contributes to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but the role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is unclear. Here, we show that UPS disruption in AEC2s amplifies profibrotic signaling to macrophages through macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) family proteins in several models. Modeling UPS disruption with an AEC2-specific cullin 3 (Cul3) deletion produced spontaneous fibrosis in a physiological aging mouse model...

CONCLUSION: Future research should focus on longitudinal designs and objective measures to further elucidate the pathways linking multimorbidity, health literacy, and functional health. Fostering the ability to independently obtain, understand and implement health information should be a key goal of clinical practice and policy interventions.

CONCLUSION: Sarcopenia, as defined by AWGS2019 criteria was independently associated with early POCD in elderly individuals after hip fracture surgery. When combined with age ≥ 80 years, it improves the identification of patients at high risk for early POCD.

CONCLUSION: Muscle density mediates the effect of hepatic steatosis on brain aging, supporting its role as a key modifiable factor within the liver-brain axis. These findings underscore the importance of preserving muscle quality to decelerate brain aging.

The Rohingya people have been subjected to egregious human rights abuses, culminating in a mass exodus to the Cox's Bazar district of Bangladesh in 2017. This study investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and practices surrounding older persons within the Rohingya refugee community while also elucidating the present community support mechanisms crucial for their well-being, through a sequential mixed-methods approach. The study specifically focuses on older Rohingya persons aged 60 years and...