Aging & Longevity

The gut microbiota changes throughout life, potentially influencing health and triggering physiological disorders. Frailty syndrome (FS) is an age-related condition that reduces quality of life and increases hospitalization and mortality risks, making early detection and prevention essential in older populations. This study analyzed 16S rRNA gene and metagenomics sequencing of fecal samples from 203 older adults (FS: n = 64, non-FS (NFS): n = 139) to assess the role of gut microbiota in FS and...

CONCLUSIONS: Extreme obesity is rising disproportionately, including among older adults, and requires urgent recognition as a distinct public health challenge. Healthcare systems must adapt to the complex needs of this population, including appropriate medical infrastructure, specialized care pathways, and enhanced clinical guidelines. Ongoing surveillance and tailored interventions are essential to address this growing burden.

The gastrointestinal (GI) barrier maintains gut homeostasis by regulating nutrient absorption and preventing the entry of harmful agents. While its disruption has been linked to chronic disease, stress and dietary lifestyle, the role of aging in intestinal permeability remains subject of debate. Understanding how aging and age-associated inflammation affect barrier integrity is crucial for promoting GI health in the elderly. In this study, we used the Senescence-Accelerated Mouse-Prone 8 (SAMP8)...

CONCLUSIONS: Connected Care for Older Adults incorporates CHWs in primary care settings to deliver age-friendly care to rural, underserved adults 55 and older. Early findings and feedback from participating patients, caregivers, providers, and CHWs suggest that this is a promising approach to delivering age-friendly care.

The Reducing Inflammation for Greater Health Trial's (RIGHT) study is a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial designed to test whether clazkizumab, an interleukin-6 (IL-6) inhibitor, can improve or slow decline in physical, cognitive, and vascular function in older adults, when compared to a placebo. The trial will enroll participants meeting the following inclusion criteria: (1) ≥ 70 years of age, (2) with low to moderate physical function, defined as self-reported...

Older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) may be at a greater risk of cognitive impairment than older adults without SCD (i.e., non-SCD). This study examined dual-task changes in cerebral oxygenation and performance to determine whether these changes may be used as a biomarker in older adults with SCD. Older adults with (n = 24) and without SCD (n = 18) completed neuropsychological assessments and finger tapping and working memory dual-tasks. Cognitive and motor performance were...

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by a gradual loss of neurons, cellular dysfunction, loss of intricate synaptic networks and brain damage, which are going to be the second leading cause of death in future. These proteinopathies are marked by abnormal amyloid fibril deposition, aberrant aggregation of misfolded proteins via polymerization, where protein aggregates serve as key pathological hallmarks in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and multiple system atrophy disorders. These toxic...

Senescence of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) in degenerative intervertebral discs is related to the development and progression of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). The aim of this study was to establish a reliable and robust cell senescent model using D-galactose (D-Gal) to induce oxidative stress in NPCs. NPCs were isolated from Sprague Dawley rats and incubated with increasing concentrations of D-Gal. Cell viability, cell cycle, senescence-associated makers, and extracellular matrix...

The mass of inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) decreases with age, and its dysfunction contributes to systemic effects, including chronic inflammation, ectopic lipid deposition, and insulin resistance. However, the molecular and functional characteristics of aged adipose progenitor cells (APCs), as well as effective strategies to rejuvenate their adipogenic potential, remain poorly understood. In this study, we found that aged mice exhibited a reduced frequency of APCs, increased inflammatory...

CONCLUSIONS: Hand exercises enhance motor and functional ability, while cognitive exercises supports cognitive performance and MMDTP.

Age-related declines in skeletal muscle health are a major contributor to reduced mobility and development of sarcopenia in the elderly, yet effective interventions to prevent or reverse these declines are not fully optimized. Nutritional strategies to support muscle health in aging populations may be beneficial for improving muscle strength and function. In this study, we explored the effects of astaxanthin (AX), a naturally occurring antioxidant, on aged human muscle progenitor cells (hMPCs)....

Hair loss presents a widespread clinical and psychological challenge, yet conventional pharmacological treatments often incur systemic side effects such as hormonal imbalance and mood disturbances. To provide a non-pharmacological alternative, a wearable textile-integrated near-infrared (NIR) organic light-emitting diode (OLED) platform was developed with emission closely aligned with the action spectrum of human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs). By employing a top-emitting microcavity structure, we...

Aging is characterized by a progressive decline in physiological function, driven by interconnected molecular hallmarks that increase the risk of chronic diseases. To extend health span, interventions targeting these hallmarks, including lifestyle modifications, pharmacological agents, and genetic strategies, have been developed. Among these, partial reprogramming, the transient expression of Yamanaka factors, has emerged as a powerful approach to reverse age-related cellular damage and restore...

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and long COVID are two post-viral diseases, which share many common symptoms and pathophysiological alterations. Yet a mechanistic explanation of disease induction and maintenance is lacking. This hinders the discovery and implementation of biomarkers and treatment options, and ultimately the establishment of effective clinical resolution. Here, we propose that acute viral infection results in (in)direct endothelial dysfunction and...

Retroviruses that colonize the host germline can be passed on as inherited genetic variants. The koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) is currently experiencing germline colonization by two retroviruses, the koala retrovirus (KoRV) and phaCin-β. We analyze the integration site segregation and diversity of endogenous KoRV, phaCin-β, and the related phaCin-β-like in 111 pedigreed koalas from the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance and seven European Zoos. The use of multigenerational pedigrees and the...

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Multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable despite advances in treatment options. Although tumor subtypes and specific DNA abnormalities are linked to worse prognosis, the impact of immune dysfunction on disease emergence and/or treatment sensitivity remains unclear. We developed an Immune Atlas of MM by generating profiles of 1,397,272 single cells from the bone marrow (BM) of 337 newly diagnosed participants and characterized immune and hematopoietic cell populations. Cytogenetic risk-based...

Social housing is desirable for the health and well-being of laboratory mice, as social interactions with conspecifics influence both behavioral and physiological outcomes. Although group housing benefits social species, it can introduce variability in mortality outcomes, and raise welfare concerns, particularly with the emergence of aggression or fluctuating cage densities. Despite this, few studies have evaluated how changes in the number of living cagemates over time are associated with...

Biological regulation is an intricate process involving many layers of complexity, including at the RNA level. Alternative splicing is crucial in the regulation of which components of a protein-coding gene are spliced into a translatable mRNA. During ageing, splicing becomes dysregulated, and alternative splicing is implicated in disease and known anti-ageing treatments such as dietary restriction (DR) and mTOR suppression. In prior work, we have shown that DR and mTOR suppression modulate the...

Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death, is increasingly recognized as a key contributor to aging-associated skeletal muscle degeneration and dysfunction. However, the interactive effects of aging, sex, and exercise modality on ferroptosis regulatory markers at the histological, protein, and gene expression levels remain poorly understood. Male (n = 23) and female (n = 23) mice aged 7 (young) and 17 (aged) months were assigned to sedentary control, voluntary wheel running, or...