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Patterns of social participation among older adults and their association with self-rated health: the mediating role of activities of daily living

3 days 18 hours ago
CONCLUSION: Activities of Daily Living mediates the relationship between social participation and Self-rated Health. Attention should be paid to the Activities of Daily Living of older adults, with particular attention to those living alone and those who are chronically ill, and to social resources to enhance the social participation of older persons.
Jiaxian Zhou

Aging influences protein digestion, absorption and amino acid metabolism

3 days 18 hours ago
Proteins are essential biomolecules that play indispensable roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis and regulating systemic metabolic processes. Protein deficiency is closely associated with age-related chronic diseases. Our purpose is to reveal the reason of protein deficiency in the elderly and potential treatments. A systematic literature search mainly on human studies addressing gastrointestinal aging and amino acid homeostasis was conducted. This review investigated the effects of aging...
Lili Qiu

Divergent sex-specific effects on a ketogenic diet: Male, but not female, mice exhibit oxidative stress and cellular senescence

3 days 18 hours ago
While a ketogenic diet (KD) can improve certain health parameters, evidence from murine and clinical studies suggests that these effects may be dependent on multiple variables. One understudied variable is the role of sex in the response to a KD. Here, we show that a KD-induced increase in p53, p21, and cellular senescence is only observed in male mice, except when they are given estrogen, and in female mice administered tamoxifen. Male, but not female, mice on a KD exhibit an increase in...
Sung-Jen Wei

High-throughput measurement of Drosophila feeding behavior

3 days 18 hours ago
Accurate measurement of Drosophila feeding is vital for metabolic and aging studies, but current assays lack the throughput and sensitivity needed for large-scale screens. We introduce FlyPlate-BCA, a 96-well platform that combines automated single-fly tracking with BCA protein quantification for high-resolution, longitudinal intake measurements. FlyPlate-BCA detects a 0.1× nutrient dilution with 90% power using just four replicates, three times fewer than the capillary feeder (CAFE) assay. It...
Huai-Zheng Zheng

Accelerating biomedical discoveries in brain health through transformative neuropathology of aging and neurodegeneration

3 days 18 hours ago
Transformative neuropathology is redefining human brain research by integrating foundational descriptive pathology with advanced methodologies. These approaches, spanning multi-omics studies and machine learning applications, will drive discovery for the identification of biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and complex disease patterns through comprehensive analyses of postmortem human brain tissue. Yet critical challenges remain, including the sustainability of brain banks, expanding donor...
Melissa E Murray

Amyloid and tau pathologies cross-talk to promote Alzheimeŕs disease: novel mechanistic insights

3 days 18 hours ago
Aging-related declines in energy metabolism represent a key risk factor for the development of amyloid pathology, the earliest hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Aging also contributes to the emergence of the second major hallmark, tau pathology, whose propagation is facilitated by pre-existing amyloid accumulation. The overlap of amyloid and tau pathologies ultimately leads to neurodegeneration and the onset of Alzheimer's disease-the most prevalent form of dementia. Recent findings underscore a...
Jesús Avila

Synaptic enrichment of pSer129 alpha-synuclein correlates with dopaminergic denervation in early-stage Parkinson's disease

4 days 18 hours ago
In Parkinson's disease (PD), α-synuclein aggregation in striatal synapses is hypothesised to trigger a cascade of events leading to synaptic loss and cortical Lewy body (LB) pathology. Using multiplex immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy on 69 brains spanning Braak stages 0-6-including controls, incidental LB disease (iLBD), and PD-we show that phosphorylated (pSer129) α-synuclein is enriched in putaminal dopaminergic synapses already in early disease stages, and associates with...
Irene Frigerio

Identifying people with potentially undiagnosed dementia with Lewy bodies using natural language processing

4 days 18 hours ago
Natural language processing (NLP) can expand the utility of clinical records data in dementia research. We deployed NLP algorithms to detect core features of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and applied those to a large database of patients diagnosed with dementia in Alzheimer's disease (AD) or DLB. Of 14,329 patients identified, 4.3% had a diagnosis of DLB and 95.7% of dementia in AD. All core features were significantly commoner in DLB than in dementia in AD, although 18.7% of patients with...
Mohamed Heybe

Non-canonical functions of DNMT3A in hematopoietic stem cells regulate telomerase activity and genome integrity

4 days 18 hours ago
DNMT3A is a critical regulator of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) fate decisions and the most recurrently mutated gene in human clonal hematopoiesis (CH). DNMT3A is described as a DNA methyltransferase enzyme, but cells with DNMT3A loss of function show minor changes in DNA methylation that do not correlate with altered gene expression. To explore the possibility that Dnmt3a has DNA-methylation-independent functions in HSCs, we created an allelic series of mice with varying levels of...
Infencia Xavier Raj

Fall history and risk of incident stroke in middle-aged and older adults with possible sarcopenia: A longitudinal cohort study based on CHARLS

4 days 18 hours ago
CONCLUSION: Fall history independently predicts stroke risk in individuals with PS, highlighting the potential of fall prevention to reduce stroke burden in this population. This study provides novel evidence of a prolonged stroke risk trajectory in Asian PS cohorts, complementing Western studies focused on short-term post-fall risks. The study has several limitations. Self-reported falls may introduce recall bias and lack mechanistic details. Unmeasured confounders such as diet and medication...
Peiling Ke

Unraveling functional decline: the relationship between muscle strength and ultrasound evaluation of biceps brachii thickness

4 days 18 hours ago
Skeletal muscle characteristics play a crucial role in understanding physical capacity, overall health, and outcomes. Muscle strength and muscle mass are key indicators of muscular function and sarcopenia. While previous research has explored biceps brachii muscle characteristics in isolation, there is a notable gap in comprehensive studies examining the direct correlation between biceps brachii muscle thickness (BMT), as measured by ultrasound, and muscle strength. In community-dwelling elderly...
Maria Chiara Brunese

CHI3L1/YKL-40 signaling inhibits neurogenesis in models of Alzheimer's disease

4 days 18 hours ago
CHI3L1/YKL-40 is an astrocyte-secreted glycoprotein recognized as a biomarker of CNS inflammation and implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) cognitive decline. However, its precise pathological role remains unclear. Here, we investigate CHI3L1's function and its therapeutic potential in AD using both human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurogenesis models and in vivo conditional AD mouse models, with astrocyte-specific CHI3L1 knockout, alongside 5XFAD mice. Our data reveal that CHI3L1...
Xin Yang

Multiomic identification of senescent stem cell populations critical for osteoarthritis progression and therapy in subchondral bones

4 days 18 hours ago
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a challenging degenerative joint disease with limited treatment options. Subchondral bone plays a critical role in maintaining joint homeostasis and influencing OA progression. Here, we investigated the role of senescence in mesenchyme-derived stem/progenitor cells (MDSPCs) during OA progression, aiming to identify potential therapeutic targets. Histopathological evaluations and bioinformatic analyses of OA samples from both humans and mice revealed that EGFR^(+) MDSPCs...
Pei Lin Li

Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on inflammaging: a systematic review and meta-analysis

4 days 18 hours ago
Mindfulness cultivates awareness, presence, and non-judgmental acceptance, enhancing overall well-being. Inflammaging, linking age and aged-related diseases, manifests through heightened levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP, impacting aging indicators like TA, TL, PWV, and FMD. To assess how mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) affect inflammaging, a search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register, and ProQuest Dissertation & Theses Global up to March 2024. Criteria...
Xiaohong Huang