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Lithospheric thin zones, such as recently failed rifts, are generally assumed to be weak spots where magmatism and deformation can concentrate during rifting and large igneous province development^(1-3). Yet, the Turkana Depression in East Africa, the site of the failed 66-million-year-old Anza Rift, did not experience the widespread flood magmatism seen on the adjacent Ethiopian Plateau, despite being a lithospheric thin spot when the region encountered hot plume material around 45 million...

Dementia is increasing globally, expected to affect 153 million people by 2050. Dance is an emerging non-pharmacological evidence-based intervention, that integrates artistic, aesthetic, and physical exercise domains. This umbrella review synthesizes evidence on the effects of dance on brain health in older adults with mild-cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Systematic reviews and meta-analysis were selected according to the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome): older...

The substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr), a key basal ganglia output nucleus, is modulated by dopamine (DA) believed to be released locally from midbrain DA neurons. Although DA has been proposed to regulate γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release from medium spiny neuron (MSN) terminals via presynaptic D1 receptors, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. Using presynaptic optical recordings of synaptic vesicle fusion, calcium influx in D1-MSN synapses together with postsynaptic patch-clamp...

Decades of research on biomarker identification and integration in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have helped to advance biologically driven disease models, disease subtypes, and disease-modifying treatments. Key lessons learned from AD biomarker development include the need for integration of new biological insights, investment in large cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, a multicomponent biomarker approach, and recruitment of clinical trial cohorts and biosamples that are representative of the...

Vaccine responses decline with age, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Using an aluminum hydroxide (Alum)-adjuvanted spike (S+Alum) vaccine, this study identifies an aging-linked pathway in which senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) cytokines (C-C motif chemokine ligand 2, interleukin [IL]-6, and interferon-γ) at the injection site are upregulated and associate with increased histocompatibility 2, T region locus 23 (H2-T23; Qa-1^(b)) expression on monocytes. These...

Polysulfide-based redox flow batteries are promising for long-duration energy storage, owing to ultralow-cost/earth-abundant active materials and full decoupling of power and energy. However, their practical application has been prevented by poor cycle life resulting from polysulfide crossover and a heavy reliance on costly fluorinated membranes (Nafion 117, USD $800 to $3500 per square meter), along with the environmental concerns. Here, we develop a nonfluorinated sulfonated polyethersulfone...

Bioelectronic devices implanted on peripheral nerves offer potential for the treatment and rehabilitation of clinical diseases. However, the foreign body reaction and the subsequent fibrous capsule formation at the device-peripheral nerve interface severely limit their efficacy and longevity in vivo. Here, we describe a robust bioadhesive strategy that can establish nonfibrotic bioelectronic interfaces on diverse peripheral nerves-occipital, vagus, deep peroneal, sciatic, tibial, and common...

New study fills major gap in genetic map of ancient human migrations

CONCLUSIONS: It may be beneficial to find ways to help such individuals feel included in society.

Impaired wound healing in aged and diabetic wounds involves complex cellular dysregulation that hinders tissue repair. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and validation techniques, we investigated impaired wound healing to identify whether there were significant changes linked to each condition. Comparative mucosal wound analysis revealed distinct differences between diabetic and normoglycemic (NG)-aged mice, which had an impact on connective tissue formation and epithelial closure....

Motor learning refers to a set of processes associated with practice and experience that are essential for acquiring new skills and adapting behavior throughout the lifespan. Mastery of motor skills plays a crucial role in maintaining autonomy and quality of life, particularly in aging populations. This learning process relies on internal neural mechanisms that lead to enduring changes in movement capability, yet the underlying functional and anatomical adaptations in sensorimotor circuits...

CONCLUSION: Both sensory and cognitive-affective dimensions of pain, along with pain chronicity, are independently associated with postural stability impairments in older adults. These findings support the integration of multidimensional pain assessments in clinical balance evaluations.