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X-ray observatory and mission to Saturn’s moon Enceladus win as ESA’s science program sees growth

Monoclonal antibodies approved for Alzheimer's disease (AD), such as lecanemab and aducanumab, have been shown to enhance microglial phagocytic function, underscoring the therapeutic relevance of microglia in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Emerging evidence implicates lipid droplets (LDs) in brain aging and NDDs, particularly through LDs-laden microglia known as lipid droplet-accumulating microglia (LDAM), which exhibit impaired phagocytosis, elevated oxidative stress, and dysregulated lipid...

Immunological memory is a defining feature of immunity, and a quantitative description of how it wanes would help better understand the processes underlying its maintenance and estimate the duration of protection after immunization. We analyzed the waning of antibodies to a panel of virus and vaccine antigens and found that a power-law model captured both the initial rapid decline and much slower subsequent waning. Importantly, accounting for the time post-immunization at which the waning was...

The adoption of digital therapeutics among older adults presents both opportunities and challenges in modern healthcare. While these technologies enhance disease management, autonomy, and quality of life, engagement remains hindered by cognitive, emotional, systemic, and sociocultural barriers. This narrative review synthesizes findings from 76 peer-reviewed studies identified through Scopus and Web of Science (2010-2024) to examine key factors influencing geriatric engagement with digital...

BACKGROUND: The phenomenon of population aging and the migration of young people from rural to urban areas, particularly in Iran's rural regions, has led to a higher growth rate of aging populations. This qualitative study aimed to investigate the effects of children's migration on the physical, mental, and social health of older adults in Kerman province and to identify their spontaneous adaptive strategies.

Monoclonal antibodies approved for Alzheimer's disease (AD), such as lecanemab and aducanumab, have been shown to enhance microglial phagocytic function, underscoring the therapeutic relevance of microglia in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Emerging evidence implicates lipid droplets (LDs) in brain aging and NDDs, particularly through LDs-laden microglia known as lipid droplet-accumulating microglia (LDAM), which exhibit impaired phagocytosis, elevated oxidative stress, and dysregulated lipid...

Cognitive training is a promising non-pharmacological approach to mitigate age-related cognitive decline, yet the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis of 24 neuroimaging studies comparing cognitive training with control conditions in older adults. Outcomes included changes in cognitive function and task-related brain activation. Moderator and mediation analyses were conducted to examine the influence of participant characteristics, training parameters, and...

Sensory loss is prevalent in older adults and is associated with changes to brain structure and function. In early life, the brain compensates for sensory loss by upregulating intact senses, such as in deafness where neural sensitivity for vision increases and visual peripheral perception improves. However, it is unclear if similar neuroplastic compensation occurs in older adults with sensory loss, which would show the aging brain's adaptability and inform sensory rehabilitation strategies. We...

Plasma circulating cell-free nucleic acids (ccfNAs) have emerged as promising non-invasive biomarkers of aging. While age-associated changes have been reported, data in relation to extreme aging and longevity remain scarce. Here, we assessed ccfNA levels and integrity, and ccfDNA methylation in a cohort of 86 individuals, analyzed both overall and stratified by sex, including nonagenarians (NON: 90-98 years, n = 29), centenarians (CEN: 100-109 years, n = 28), and a middle-aged control group (CG:...

Emerging evidence highlights the crucial role of peripheral immune cells in maintaining brain homeostasis and their influence on the pathology of Alzheimer disease (AD). Genome-wide association studies have identified numerous AD risk variants in genes expressed by immune cells, implicating innate and adaptive immune pathways in disease progression. Advances in neuroimmunology have revealed that immune cell crosstalk involving T cells, B cells, monocytes and/or macrophages and neutrophils can...

Emerging evidence highlights the crucial role of peripheral immune cells in maintaining brain homeostasis and their influence on the pathology of Alzheimer disease (AD). Genome-wide association studies have identified numerous AD risk variants in genes expressed by immune cells, implicating innate and adaptive immune pathways in disease progression. Advances in neuroimmunology have revealed that immune cell crosstalk involving T cells, B cells, monocytes and/or macrophages and neutrophils can...

BACKGROUND: The increasing demands of an aging population, healthcare workforce shortages, financial constraints, and a shift in care perspectives call for rethinking geriatric rehabilitation (GR). To ensure GR remains sustainable, a transition towards home-based GR is proposed, reducing the need for prolonged inpatient GR. This study assesses the outcomes, costs and feasibility of the "Better@Home" program, in which home-based GR replaces part of inpatient GR.

CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of chronic pain and pain underestimation in older adults underscores the necessity for comprehensive pain management strategies adopting a patient-centered medicine approach. The provision of education to both physicians and patients on appropriate chronic pain management strategies and options may benefit older adults with chronic diseases.

Accumulating evidence indicates that Alzheimer disease (AD) is caused by dysregulated microglial phagocytosis. The main risk factor for AD is age, and ageing reduces microglial phagocytosis of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, while increasing microglial phagocytosis of synapses and neurons. Most of the known genetic risk for AD can be linked to microglial phagocytosis, including ABCA1, ABI3, ACE, ADAM17, APOE, APP, BIN1, BLNK, CD2AP, CD33, CLU, CR1, CTSB, CTSH, EED, GRN, INPP5D, LILRB2, PICALM, PLCG2,...

Aging is associated with a progressive decline in physiological resilience, often linked to impaired stress responses and metabolic dysfunction. In Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), caloric restriction (CR) and pharmacological interventions are widely used to dissect conserved longevity pathways. Here, we identify the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist memantine as a novel modulator of lifespan and stress tolerance in C. elegans. Memantine, but not ketamine, extends median...

Accumulating evidence indicates that Alzheimer disease (AD) is caused by dysregulated microglial phagocytosis. The main risk factor for AD is age, and ageing reduces microglial phagocytosis of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, while increasing microglial phagocytosis of synapses and neurons. Most of the known genetic risk for AD can be linked to microglial phagocytosis, including ABCA1, ABI3, ACE, ADAM17, APOE, APP, BIN1, BLNK, CD2AP, CD33, CLU, CR1, CTSB, CTSH, EED, GRN, INPP5D, LILRB2, PICALM, PLCG2,...

The project lost its data stream in 2022 after the war in Ukraine began