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Inflamm-aging is widely considered a hallmark of aging, yet emerging evidence challenges its universality. Here, we re-examine inflamm-aging through an eco-evolutionary lens, underlining its context dependence across biological scales. Combining mechanistic, evolutionary, comparative, anthropological, genetic, and environmental evidence, we show how fundamental inflammatory mechanisms are integrated and regulated in diverse biological contexts, representing a suite of flexible stress responses....

This study examines how neighborhood social cohesion and physical disorder, measured at baseline and as change over time, are associated with multiple chronic conditions (MCCs) among older adults and whether these associations vary by race/ethnicity. Using 6 years of data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (2015-2021), mixed-effects Poisson regression models were applied to a sample of 3,389 community-dwelling older adults. Higher social cohesion at baseline and increases in...

CONCLUSION: intergenerational support from adult children significantly enhances the intrinsic capacity of older adults by promoting social engagement and maintaining functional ability. To advance healthy and active aging, policy efforts should adopt a function-oriented approach that strengthens both family-based support systems and community care infrastructure, while fostering cross-generational resource sharing and coordinated support.

The "gut-brain axis" is an emerging target in Alzheimer's disease (AD), although its immunological features remain poorly understood. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, coupled to extensive spectral-tuning flow cytometry validation of the colon immune compartment in the 5XFAD amyloid-β mouse model, we found several AD-associated changes including in B/plasma cell activity. Notably, levels of CXCR4^(+) antibody-secreting cells are reduced in 5XFAD colons. This change corresponds with accumulating...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is marked by neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration and cognitive decline, with emerging evidence highlighting the critical roles of cytokines and chemokines in its pathogenesis. Regulated cell death is a highly structured and meticulously coordinated series of molecular and signalling processes involving gene expression and protein activity. This mechanism is essential for normal developmental processes and the preservation of tissue homeostasis. Abnormal regulation of...

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) has emerged as a significant and potentially modifiable risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. A growing body of evidence links ARHL to structural and functional changes in the brain, with implications for cognitive decline and dementia onset. However, both ARHL and dementia are multifactorial conditions shaped not only by biological mechanisms but also by broader social determinants of health. Inequities in access to hearing...

Amyloid-β (Aβ), a key driver of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, possesses diverse harmful and clearance-resistant structures that present substantial challenges to therapeutic development. Here, we demonstrate that modulating Aβ morphology, rather than Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)-dependent microglia activation, is essential for effective phagocytosis of Aβ species by microglia. By developing a bifunctional mechanistic probe (P2CSKn) designed to remodel Aβ and activate TLR2, we show it...

Hallmarks of sensorineural hearing loss are elevated hearing thresholds and defects in temporal auditory processing, the former being often caused by outer hair cell (OHC) damage, and the latter by the loss of synapses between inner hair cells (IHCs) and spiral ganglion neurons. In the well-studied CBA/CaJ mouse strain, these impairments are disconnected, IHC synaptopathy preceding OHC loss. We have investigated the relationship between IHC synaptopathy and OHC loss in the C57BL/6J (B6) and ICR...

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Northern and Western Europe show greater functional independence in late life than Eastern and Southern Europe. Several factors were significantly associated with independent functioning, including physical activity, polypharmacy, absence of multimorbidity, absence of depressive symptoms, absence of loneliness, unimpaired cognition, lower age, and male gender. Our results should be considered to target interventions aiming at healthy aging in these individuals.

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) has emerged as a significant and potentially modifiable risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. A growing body of evidence links ARHL to structural and functional changes in the brain, with implications for cognitive decline and dementia onset. However, both ARHL and dementia are multifactorial conditions shaped not only by biological mechanisms but also by broader social determinants of health. Inequities in access to hearing...