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Pigeons (Columba livia) rely heavily on spatial cognition for navigation. As such, this species is commonly used to investigate the neural correlates of spatial behaviours in birds, particularly the hippocampus and septum. As this species can live for decades when housed in the laboratory, several studies have recently used pigeons to examine long-term effects of aging on the brain, a concept that is less well-understood in birds compared to mammals. Studies assessing age-related structural...

Over the past two decades, human aging has been characterized across DNA methylation, transcriptomic, proteomic, and clinical modalities, yet no benchmark evaluates whether AI systems can interpret these heterogeneous data types in the context of aging biology. We introduce LongevityBench, an open suite of 17 tasks spanning five biodata domains, and use it to assess 18 frontier AI systems from six developer teams. Despite recent advances in AI, no single model dominates all tasks, with...

CONCLUSIONS: Hearing loss was associated with adverse cognitive trajectory membership and modified the association between baseline cognitive function and moderate decline. The association with rapid decline was particularly consistent across sensitivity analyses. These findings support considering hearing status when assessing cognitive aging risk, while further studies should determine whether hearing interventions alter cognitive trajectories.

Skin ageing is a multidimensional process driven by the convergence of intrinsic biological changes and cumulative environmental stressors. These alterations progressively disrupt epidermal barrier integrity, compromise extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis, and establish a chronic low-grade inflammatory state that significantly impairs tissue repair. Consequently, aged skin represents a particularly vulnerable substrate for delayed or chronic wound healing, a condition that disproportionately...

CONCLUSIONS: The majority of the 5Ms are covered in the curriculum, though notable gaps remain in several subcategories. Recommendations include strengthening preclinical exposure to concepts students will encounter in clinicals, such as pharmacology and delirium. This is the first known published study to explicitly identify how the 5Ms are covered in a U.S. undergraduate medical school curriculum.

ObjectiveThis study examines associations between neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage during adolescence and early adulthood and chronic disease accumulation in mid- to late life.MethodsUsing Panel Study of Income Dynamics data linked to U.S. Census and American Community Survey data, we identify four trajectories of neighborhood disadvantage, namely persistent disadvantage, increasing disadvantage, decreasing disadvantage, and persistent advantage, and estimate their associations with...

Science, Ahead of Print.

Scientists are testing a counterintuitive way to fight mesothelioma, an aggressive asbestos-linked cancer with few effective treatments. A new experimental mesothelioma drug kills cancer cells by disabling PRX3, an antioxidant defense that tumors use to survive intense oxidative stress. In an early clinical trial, it controlled disease progression in 67% of patients and produced encouraging survival results, raising hopes that the strategy could eventually be used against other cancers.

Scientists found that black and green Japanese rice contain unusual, potentially beneficial fats and may be digested more slowly than ordinary white rice. The combination could make these colorful varieties promising ingredients for foods designed to support blood sugar and metabolic health.

Scientists discovered a hidden “immune organ” inside the skull that acts as a rapid first responder against brain cancer in mice. Strengthening this local immune defense improved tumor rejection and survival, raising the possibility of new treatments that target the skull directly.

Seismic activity around the Punggye-ri test site has increased since a large nuclear explosion in 2017