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White House taps physician and lawyer Erica Schwartz to lead struggling health agency

Nanoscopic rods capture particles too small for conventional filters

First Arctic trials show pumped seawater can bulk up ice, but results aren’t lasting—and may not scale

Stem cells proliferate after injury to repair damaged tissue, and chronic injury can promote cancer. However, the injury-activated signals and regulatory mechanisms, and their relationship to cancer, are poorly understood. Here, we identified insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2) as an injury-activated mitogen for lung neuroendocrine stem cells, which are facultative airway progenitors and a cell of origin of small-cell lung cancer in mice. Igf2 was constitutively produced by the stem cells but...

Cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors exert effects that extend beyond the vascular system, influencing brain structure, neural function, and cognitive performance. The mechanisms by which CVR factors exert these effects remain unclear. Here, we specifically investigate the impact of CVR factors on brain aging, testing whether quantitative measures of the heart and major arteries mediate the CVR-brain-age relationship. Using longitudinal UK Biobank data, we infer individual brain age estimates based...

The benign-to-malignant transition is a defining step in cancer progression. To investigate when and how malignancy initiation occurs and tissue reorganization proceeds, we combine single-cell and spatial transcriptomic profiling in mouse models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) that capture spontaneous p53 loss. Among Kras-mutant cells, we find that oncogenic and tumor-suppressive programs, including those controlled by p53, CDKN2A, and SMAD4, are co-activated in a discrete...

CONCLUSIONS: In diabetic patients, elevated baseline ePWV is an independent predictor of a persistently low cognitive trajectory over a 9-year period. This association appears to be partially mediated by accelerated biological aging, suggesting that vascular stiffness may act as a systemic driver of cognitive compromise.

Memory complaints indicate the self-reported experience of memory failures or difficulties in daily life. While different measures of functional and psychological health seem to be associated with memory complaints in later life, the concurrent impact of perceived physical health, memory self-efficacy, and objectively measured motor and sleep parameters remains under-examined. This study addressed this gap by recruiting 118 community dwellers (M(age) = 81.7 years, SD = 8.1 years) from the...

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Ocular rosacea (OR) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the ocular surface frequently associated with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), with limited therapeutic options and an underexplored pathophysiology. Here, we uncover the pivotal role of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) pathway overactivation in driving MGD and OR. Analysis of eyelid tissues from OR patients revealed increased MR expression and altered local corticosteroid metabolism, associated with inflammation, fibrosis, and impaired...

The cation design of the multi-component dynamic concentration electrolytes that simultaneously achieve effective phase transition prevention and rapid kinetic process is challenging but vital for enhancing the performance of low-temperature zinc-bromine flow batteries. Herein, we employ NH(4)^(+) as supporting electrolyte cation to break inherent trade-off between salting-out at low temperatures and ion transport kinetic from the alkali cations (K^(+), Na^(+) and Li^(+)). Compared to commonly...

Biological aging is a complex process associated with declining physiological function and increased risk of aging-related diseases. However, its risk factors and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we performed a comprehensive integrative analysis to identify putative risk factors and molecular phenotypes associated with four epigenetic aging acceleration and human longevity. We first investigated the association between aging-related traits and potential risk factors using...

The spinal cord connects the brain to peripheral systems. Yet its integration with cerebral networks remains a key neuroscience question. Capturing structural and functional central nervous system (CNS) changes throughout the lifespan is essential for characterizing healthy and pathological aging. Leveraging a unique multimodal dataset combining spinal and cerebrospinal imaging, we jointly mapped the spinal cord structural and functional architecture across adulthood. Our results revealed...

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Obesity is a risk factor for compromised health and a driver for non-communicable diseases. Effects of various fats on health, behavior, and other parameters have been studied using different model organisms, including fruit flies Drosophila melanogaster, by exposing them to dietary fats (saturated and trans fatty acids). However, the long-term and short-term effects of dietary unsaturated fatty acids (USFA) on physiology and sleep-activity behavior are relatively less explored. Hence, the...