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Brain aging, the strongest risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), varies across cortical regions. Global brain age (GBA), an imaging-derived measure of neuroanatomic decline, reduces structural aging to a single summary value. This can potentially obscure regional patterns of cognitive vulnerability preceding AD. This study introduces a deep-learning architecture trained on the [Formula: see text]-weighted MRIs of 14,748 cognitively normal (CN) participants from multiple sites to estimate...

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Brain aging, the strongest risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), varies across cortical regions. Global brain age (GBA), an imaging-derived measure of neuroanatomic decline, reduces structural aging to a single summary value. This can potentially obscure regional patterns of cognitive vulnerability preceding AD. This study introduces a deep-learning architecture trained on the [Formula: see text]-weighted MRIs of 14,748 cognitively normal (CN) participants from multiple sites to estimate...

Endothelial cells are critical in the regulation of blood pressure. We previously demonstrated AGGF1 was crucial for maintaining endothelial cell function. This study aims to examine whether AGGF1 regulates blood pressure. Here, we found that AGGF1 expression was inversely correlated with blood pressure with age. In male mice, endothelial-specific loss of function of Aggf1 (Aggf1^(flox/flox)/Tie2-Cre^(+)) significantly increased blood pressure, whereas endothelial-specific human AGGF1...

CONCLUSIONS: We were unable to detect a significant association between a hip fracture and new onset of cognitive impairment in older adults. However, conclusions are limited by large confidence intervals. There was a signal toward a positive association, particularly for probable dementia. Future research should be performed in larger sample sizes with rigorous matching to understand risk factors for developing cognitive impairment after hip fracture.

Physical exercise is beneficial for older adults, but little is known about inter-individual response variability or whether its effects reach clinical significance. We analyzed individual clinically meaningful responses to exercise in older adults. This is an ancillary analysis of a multicenter randomized controlled trial. 188 older patients (> 75 years) with mild cognitive impairment were randomly assigned to a 3-month home-based multicomponent exercise intervention (3-5 days/week based on...

Scientists have figured out how two famously poisonous plants create chemicals with surprising medical potential. After tracking thousands of genes in wolfsbane and larkspur, they identified six enzymes needed to build a complex compound called atisinium. The team recreated the process inside tobacco plants, offering a sustainable way to produce and test these rare molecules in larger amounts.

A protein once thought to mainly protect chromosome ends may also be essential for keeping muscle stem cells ready to repair injuries. Researchers found that TRF2 helps these cells maintain their identity and coordinate the cycle of rest, repair, and renewal.