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The challengers

2 weeks ago
Science, Volume 391, Issue 6788, Page 876-876, February 2026.
Philip Ball

Effects of exhaustive and/or strenuous exercise on aging-related molecular and physiological biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2 weeks 1 day ago
Exercise, a well-recognized non-pharmacological anti-aging strategy, is key for human health. Growing evidence points to exhaustive or strenuous exercise, especially when recovery is inadequate, may trigger oxidative damage and accelerate aging. This study aims to systematically the effects of exhaustive and/or strenuous exercise on aging-related molecular and physiological biomarkers using a systematic review and meta-analysis. A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed,...
Zihan Bao

Intrinsic capacity across the adult lifespan in China: baseline analysis from the nationwide longitudinal PENG ZU cohort

2 weeks 1 day ago
Intrinsic capacity (IC), a composite measure of physical and mental capacities, reflects the functional manifestations of biological aging, yet large-scale population evidence on how IC varies throughout adulthood outside Western settings remains limited. Using data from 17,086 Chinese adults aged 25-89 years in the nationally representative PENG ZU cohort, we characterized age-related variation in IC and its associated factors. IC was assessed across five domains (locomotion, cognition,...
Ju Cui

Immunometabolic resistors of aging in long-lived golden spiny mice

2 weeks 1 day ago
Long-lived wild rodents closely related to laboratory mice on the evolutionary scale may allow identification of dormant pathways that resist aging. Spiny mice (Acomys) are known for their exceptional regenerative capacity, but their resilience to aging is unknown. Here, we report that aged golden spiny mice (Acomys russatus), reared in a non-pathogen-free environment, resist functional decline, have a greater repair capacity with reduced senescence in immune-metabolic organs compared to their...
Hee-Hoon Kim

The Sweet Gatekeeper: Mucin-Type O-Glycans in Brain Endothelial Glycocalyx and Aging

2 weeks 1 day ago
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is crucial for brain homeostasis, and its dysfunction is associated with aging and neurodegenerative diseases. A recent seminal study by Shi et al. (2025) published in Nature illuminates a previously underappreciated component, the brain endothelial glycocalyx, as a key player in age-related BBB breakdown. They demonstrated that aging and neurodegenerative disease can lead to significant structural and compositional dysregulation of the brain endothelial glycocalyx,...
Duan Lu Hou

Human hippocampal neurogenesis in adulthood, ageing and Alzheimer's disease

2 weeks 1 day ago
The existence of human hippocampal neurogenesis has long been disputed^(1-12) and its relevance in cognition remains unknown. Recent studies have established the presence of proliferating progenitors and immature neurons and a reduction in the latter in Alzheimer's disease (AD)^(11,13). However, their origin and the molecular networks that regulate neurogenesis and function are poorly understood. Here we studied human post-mortem hippocampi obtained from different cohorts: young adults with...
Ahmed Disouky

Transposable element-gene chimera cartography, origination and role in enhancing transcriptome plasticity

2 weeks 1 day ago
Transposable elements (TEs) in the human genome are the heritage of ancient parasitic infections. While most of human DNA comprises TEs and TE-derived elements, their repetitive nature poses technical challenges; thus, little is known about their positional identity and regulatory roles. Here, by integrating long-read and multidimensional transcriptional analyses, we investigate when, where and how TEs become part of a gene. We characterize how TE-derived isoforms change across mouse-human...
Youngseo Cheon

OMICmAge quantifies biological age by integrating multi-omics with electronic medical records

2 weeks 1 day ago
Biological aging reflects complex cellular and biochemical processes that can be measured across multiple omic layers. Using routine clinical laboratory data from ~31,000 participants in the Mass General Brigham Biobank, we developed EMRAge, a biomarker of mortality risk that can be broadly recapitulated across electronic medical records. Here we show that EMRAge can be modeled using elastic net regression with DNA methylation and multi-omics to generate DNAmEMRAge and OMICmAge, respectively....
Qingwen Chen

Targeting neuroplasticity in old brain: restoring synapse with cognitive strategies

2 weeks 1 day ago
Neuroplasticity, the brain's capacity to adapt and reorganize in response to experiences and environmental changes, is fundamental to cognitive aging. As individuals age, cognitive functions such as memory, processing speed, and executive function commonly decline, driven largely by changes in neuroplasticity mechanisms like synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, and functional reorganization. Synaptic plasticity is a well-established mechanism supporting learning and memory across the lifespan,...
Spandana Rajendra Kopalli