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To uncover a trove of squid beaks, scientists first had to grind the fossils into dust

Network could add 20 minutes of tsunami warning at dangerous Nankai Trough

Hard-won progress in improving child and maternal nutrition hangs in the balance

NASA’s JWST observatory takes picture of young, Saturn-size world that grew by sweeping up debris

Scientists spot mitochondria traveling through “bridges” into nearby cancer cells

Still, several populations should be considered “endangered,” new report finds

As organisms age, somatic stem cells progressively lose their ability to sustain tissue homeostasis and support regeneration. Although stem cells are relatively shielded from some cellular aging mechanisms compared with their differentiated progeny, they remain vulnerable to both intrinsic and extrinsic stressors. In this review, we delineate five cardinal features that characterize aged stem cells and examine how these alterations underlie functional decline across well-studied stem cell...

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Aging and age-related disorders are significant global health concerns, driving interest in potential preventative strategies. In this study, we established a high-throughput screening system to reveal the effects of quinacrine and rimonabant on lifespan extension in C. elegans. Mechanistically, quinacrine influences the metabolic and immune pathways through the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IIS) pathway, as it fails to prolong longevity in IIS pathway mutants while boosting the expression...

CONCLUSION: As SSN is closely tied to biomechanical function, these findings present SSN as a distinct target for improving muscle performance in older adults.

CONCLUSION: Precision care interventions of biomarkers monitoring implemented into chronic disease follow-up on the CRP or Hs-CRP as well as IL-6 levels may reduce the risk of mortality and depression.

Dysregulation of redox homeostasis is implicated in the ageing process and the pathology of age-related diseases. To study redox signalling by H(2)O(2) in vivo, we established a redox-shifted model by manipulating levels of the H(2)O(2)-degrading enzyme catalase in Drosophila. Here we report that ubiquitous over-expression of catalase robustly extends lifespan in females. As anticipated, these flies are strongly resistant to a range of oxidative stress challenges, but interestingly are sensitive...

Osteoimmunology is an interdisciplinary branch of immunology which studies the interplay of skeletal and immune systems. Both spatial and functional connections exist between the two systems, as most immune cells are generated in the bone marrow microenvironment, which facilitates the communication between the two systems. Moreover, immune cytokines such as RANKL (receptor activating Nf-kB ligand) and non-immune soluble mediators such as osteoprotegrin (OPG), made by immune and bone cells,...

In vivo reprogramming through the forced expression of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) has demonstrated great potential for reversing age-associated phenotypes. However, continuous in vivo OSKM expression has raised safety concerns due to loss of cell identity, decrease in body weight, and premature death. Although cyclic short-term or targeted expression of the reprogramming factors can mitigate some of these detrimental effects, systemic rejuvenation of wild-type mice has remained elusive....

In the general population, aging is associated with an increase in systemic inflammation and chronic disease burden. However, in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), older age is uniquely associated with a decrease in disease activity, suggesting a distinct relationship between aging and inflammation. Using a multiomic approach, we compared aging-related changes in the peripheral blood immune profiles of 287 patients with SLE and 928 healthy controls. In patients with SLE, aging correlated with...

The aggregation of α-synuclein into amyloid fibrils is a hallmark of Parkinson's disease. This process has been shown to directly involve interactions between proteins and lipid surfaces when the latter are present. Despite this importance, the molecular mechanisms of lipid-induced amyloid aggregation have remained largely elusive. Here, we present a global kinetic model to describe lipid-induced amyloid aggregation of α-synuclein. Using this framework, we find that α-synuclein fibrils form via...

By predicting the effects of genetic variants, AlphaGenome could boost synthetic biology and the search for cancer genes

ObjectivesThis study examines whether social strain and support from various sources are associated with accumulation of chronic conditions in older adults.MethodsGrowth mixture modeling was used to investigate which network sources of support and strain were related to morbidity accumulation over 12 years among 5,321 individuals over age 50 in the Health and Retirement Study.ResultsHigher overall social support-comfort provided by others-was associated with a greater likelihood of belonging to...

Exacerbating the DNA replication problems of cancer cells serves as a viable therapeutic approach. Nevertheless, the cytotoxicity of cancer drugs is often hampered by therapy-induced senescence, leading to unfavorable patient outcomes. Here, we employ acute replisome dysfunction in combination with Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) inhibition as a strategy to divert senescent cells toward death by triggering DNA replication catastrophe, a form of irreversible replication fork collapse...

Neurons maintain their morphology over prolonged periods of adult life with limited regenerative capacity. Among the various factors that shape neuronal morphology, lipids function as membrane components, signaling molecules, and regulators of synaptic plasticity. Here, we tested genes involved in phospholipid biosynthesis and identified their roles in axon regrowth and maintenance. CEPT-2 and EPT-1 are enzymes catalyzing the final steps in the de novo phospholipid synthesis (Kennedy) pathway....