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Individuals with substance use disorders experience an increased urge to move to complex music
Substance use disorders disrupt the dopaminergic system of the human brain, which plays a central role in movement and reward processing, altering perception, and cognition. The pleasurable urge to move to music, known as groove, relies on dopamine for reward, anticipation, beat perception, and motor system activity. Using a well-established paradigm, which shows an inverted-U relationship between groove and musical complexity, we investigated how dopamine downregulation from long-term cocaine...
dVGLUT Is a Mediator of Sex Differences in Dopamine Neuron Mitochondrial Function Across Aging and in a Parkinson's Disease Model
Sex differences in Parkinson's disease (PD) offer insights into mechanisms of dopaminergic cell resilience. Female dopamine (DA) neurons are more resilient via mechanisms that remain unclear. Here, we discovered key sex and regional differences in mitochondrial generation of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their implications for DA neuron resilience using the Drosophila model. While aging raised mitochondrial ROS in DA neurons of both sexes, we observed a sexually dimorphic response...
Molecular and spatial transcriptomic classification of midbrain dopamine neurons and their alterations in a LRRK2(G2019S) model of Parkinson's disease
Several studies have revealed that midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons, even within a single neuroanatomical area, display heterogeneous properties. In parallel, studies using singlecell profiling techniques have begun to cluster DA neurons into subtypes based on their molecular signatures. Recent work has shown that molecularly defined DA subtypes within the substantia nigra (SNc) display distinctive anatomic and functional properties, and differential vulnerability in Parkinson's disease (PD)....
Experimental validation and identification of ferroptosis-associated biomarkers for diagnostic and therapeutic targeting in hearing loss
CONCLUSION: Ferroptosis is a potential pathological mechanism in hearing loss research, and the nine ferroptosis-related genes identified provide promising targets for exploring new diagnostics and treatments for hearing loss. Notably, MEF2C and NEDD4 are associated with ARHL.
Reducing HuD Levels Alleviates Alzheimer's Disease Pathology in 5xFAD Mice
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative pathology in older persons. The accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) plaques is a major contributor to AD development. The RNA-binding protein HuD/ELAVL4 has been implicated in the formation of Aβ plaques, but its role in AD is unclear. Here, we report that ablation of HuD from CAMK2A^(+) neurons (HuDcKO) in the 5xFAD mouse model of AD results in a significant reduction of Aβ plaques and the alleviation of some AD-associated behaviors....
Daily briefing: Chimp societies drum to a distinct beat
Migraine drug is first to tackle debilitating early symptoms
NSF terminates huge number of grants and stops awarding new ones
Gut microbiota-dependent increase in phenylacetic acid induces endothelial cell senescence during aging
Author Correction: Single-cell and spatial RNA sequencing identify divergent microenvironments and progression signatures in early- versus late-onset prostate cancer
Why bad philosophy is stopping progress in physics
The scars of war last for centuries: how we understand collective trauma needs to change
Hunting extreme microbes that redefine the limits of life
‘AI models are capable of novel research’: OpenAI’s chief scientist on what to expect
North America’s birds are declining where they should be thriving
What language do bats speak? I’m trying to find out
Scientists turn lead into gold
Trump’s ‘fear factor’: Scientists go silent as funding cuts escalate
Many worry about retribution. But for others, speaking out is worth the risk
Aztec Empire sought obsidian from far and wide to make ritual jewelry and basic tools
Largest ever study of Tenochtitlan obsidian reveals complex trade networks and ritual preferences
Mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes: A novel therapeutic approach for aging
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a vital component of the adult stem cell repertoire, are distinguished by their dual capacity for self-renewal and multilineage differentiation. The therapeutic effects of MSCs are primarily mediated through mechanisms such as homing, paracrine signaling, and cellular differentiation. Exosomes (Exos), a type of extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by MSCs via the paracrine pathway, play a pivotal role in conveying the biological functions of MSCs. Accumulating...