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Motherhood derails women’s academic careers — these data reveal how and why
Briefing Chat: ‘Zombie cells’ resurrected with new genes
Giants of the deep and the wonder of space: Books in Brief
Sunken Soviet nuclear submarine’s radioactive release
Huge lung-cancer screening campaign boosts early diagnosis
These small African antelopes may help mpox spread
Researchers find evidence that duikers, hunted and eaten across sub-Saharan Africa, can harbor the deadly virus
Two years after it emerged, ‘cow flu’ is still circulating—and baffling scientists
Researchers still aren’t sure how H5N1 influenza spreads between cows and from farm to farm
Long-standing volcanic eruption theory might be backward
Eruptions could be triggered when bubbles vanish into magma—not when they burst out
Myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen (MNDA) is an interferon-inducible regulator of myelopoiesis. Potential role in the myeloid-biased aging process
Aging is a myeloid-biased process, i.e., the differentiation of myeloid cells increases, while the lymphoid lineage declines. Cellular senescence increases the secretion of inflammatory mediators which skew hematopoiesis toward myeloid cell generation. Myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen (MNDA) is a type-1 interferon (IFN)-inducible factor which is mainly expressed in the cells of the granulocyte-monocyte lineage, especially it is enriched in M2 macrophages and myeloid-derived...
Testicular aging revisited: Current understanding of mechanisms and emerging interventions
Male reproductive aging is a complex physiological process characterized by progressive deterioration in spermatogenesis, hormonal imbalance, and increased susceptibility to infertility and genetic disorders. This review comprehensively summarizes the pivotal molecular mechanisms underlying testicular aging, with emphasis on mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, DNA damage, autophagy impairment, chronic inflammation, cellular senescence, and dysregulated apoptosis. Accumulating evidence...
The application of ultrasound sarcopenia index in sarcopenic population
CONCLUSION: We showed that increased USI values are associated with sarcopenia. This study shows USI as a sensitive, non-invasive marker for sarcopenia classification, supporting its use in clinical screening and monitoring of muscle changes in older adults.
Gut Luminal Exosomes in Young and Old Mice: Multi-Omic Characteristics and Regulation of Gut Permeability
Aging is a multifaceted process impacting physiological, genomic, metabolic, and immune functions. This study investigates the role of luminal fecal exosomes (LFEs) in age-associated metabolic dysfunction. We analyzed LFEs from young (3-month) and old (24-month) male and female C57BL/6 mice to characterize age-related differences in exosomal proteomic and miRNA cargos. To explore interactions between LFEs and the gut microbiome, naïve young mice were gavage fed with LFEs from old donors,...
Protecting the aging mind: how cognitive reserve and lifestyle factors relate to executive functions and long-term memory
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Chromatin accessibility regulates age-dependent nuclear mechanotransduction
The integration of environmental cues into cellular programs is crucial for cell function. Yet, how this integration is modulated due to cellular aging remains unclear. We propose that the 3D chromatin organization filters these signals and investigated how age-related chromatin changes in human dermal fibroblasts affect responses to mechanical tension and TGF-β. Young fibroblasts exhibited synergistic gene expression enhancement in response to combined stimuli, a response that was markedly...
Spatial and single-cell transcriptomics reveals senescence-associated changes in MIA-induced ASD male mouse brain
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, and maternal immune activation (MIA) is highly implicated in neuropathology and ASD-like phenotypes in offspring. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms of ASD are multifactorial and remain largely unknown in MIA offspring. Here, we performed spatial transcriptome and single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) analysis in MIA offspring brain to explore the neurobiological features of ASD. We obtained MIA-induced genes and...
Cell cycle dynamics regulate H3K27 and H3K9 histone modifications in Drosophila
Cell cycle progression presents a fundamental challenge to epigenome integrity, particularly due to the need to reestablish post-translational histone modifications (PTMs) following DNA replication. Although proliferative and differentiating tissues exhibit markedly different cell cycle dynamics, how these differences shape the histone modification landscape in vivo remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that levels of H3K27ac, H3K27me3, and H3K9me3 are tightly linked to cell cycle dynamics...
Distinctive DNA sequence features define epigenetic longevity of inflammatory memory
Tissues harbor memories of inflammation, which heighten sensitivity to diverse future assaults. Whether and how these adaptations are sustained through time and cell division remain poorly understood. We show that in mice, epidermal stem cells store lifelong, functional epigenetic records of psoriasis-like skin flares. Applying deep learning to investigate these chromatin dynamics, we unearth CpG dinucleotide density as a major driver of memory persistence. Although unnecessary for...
Age-dependent H3K9 trimethylation by dSetdb1 impairs mitochondrial UPR leading to degeneration of olfactory neurons and loss of olfactory function in <em>Drosophila</em>
Aging is characterized by a decline in essential sensory functions, including olfaction, which is crucial for environmental interaction and survival. This decline is often paralleled by the cellular accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria, particularly detrimental in post-mitotic cells such as neurons. Mitochondrial stress triggers the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR^(MT)), a pathway that activates mitochondrial chaperones and antioxidant enzymes. Critical to the efficacy of the...
Complement receptor 3 (CR3)-dependent microglial synapse elimination drives Parkinson's disease pathogenesis in systemic inflammation
Although systemic inflammation has been implicated in PD pathogenesis, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the pathological events in a systemic inflammation-induced PD mouse model. We demonstrate that synaptic loss in the midbrain occurs as early as 1 day after the final lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration, preceding dopaminergic (DA) neuron degeneration, which was observed only at later stages (14 days). Early microglial activation in the...
Differential Gene Expression in Human Hippocampus With Aging
Brain aging consists of a progressive loss of functional capacities, which is associated with a progressive cognitive decline and can lead to neurodegenerative diseases. Studies comparing the underlying molecular mechanisms of the human hippocampus between young and older adults remain scarce. In our study, we completed a transcriptomic analysis from hippocampal samples of different ages and performed 2 complementary analyses. A comparison between young and old groups revealed a set of genes...