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Technology that uses a less known sensory system to substitute for olfaction could one day help anosmic people detect some odors

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an increasingly prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, largely sporadic in origin, with limited understanding of age- and region-specific lipid alterations in the human brain. Dysregulation of glycosphingolipid catabolism has been implicated in PD, yet comprehensive spatiotemporal profiling remains sparse. Here, we performed targeted lipidomics across eight anatomically distinct brain regions in post-mortem controls, mid-stage, and late-stage PD cases using...

Dementia is a defining feature of Lewy body disease: its timing and onset distinguish different clinical diagnoses, and its effect on quality of life is profound. However, it remains unclear whether processes leading to cognitive and motor symptoms in Lewy body disease differ. To clarify this, we use in-vivo neuroimaging to assess spatial gradients of inter-regional differences in structural and functional connectivity in 108 people across the Lewy body disease spectrum (46 Parkinson's with...

Aging impairs hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), driving clonal hematopoiesis, myeloid malignancies, and immune decline. The role of lysosomes in HSC aging-beyond their passive mediation of autophagy-is unclear. We show that lysosomes in aged HSCs are hyperacidic, depleted, damaged, and aberrantly activated. Single-cell transcriptomics and functional analyses reveal that suppression of hyperactivated lysosomes using a vacuolar ATPase (v-ATPase) inhibitor restores lysosomal integrity and metabolic...

Previous reports revealed immune dysfunction, chromosomal abnormalities, cytokine deregulation, and telomere alterations after prolonged spaceflight. However, the stress of space on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and the resilience properties maintaining lifelong hematopoiesis and immunity were not studied. We performed HSPC functionally organized multi-omics aging and resilience (HSPC-FOMA-R) analyses in 9 astronauts before, during, and after three short-duration International...

Translation is made of initiation, elongation, and termination. The role of termination in relaying extracellular outputs to the translation machinery is unknown. We show, in mice, that the controlled recycling of ribosomes post-termination is a major checkpoint that integrates mitogenic signals and antiviral responses. In detail, the recycling of ribosomes at stop codons, maximal translation, and cellular proliferation strictly depend on eIF6 phosphorylation, both in vitro and in vivo. Lack of...