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Quantifying individual deviations in brain morphology from normative references is useful for understanding neurodiversity and facilitating personalized management of brain health. Here we report Chinese brain normative references using morphological imaging scans of 24,061 healthy volunteers from 105 sites, revealing later peak ages of lifespan neurodevelopmental milestones (1.2-8.9 years) than European/North American populations. We model individual brain deviation scores in 3,932 individuals...

CONCLUSIONS: Current research on MCR management is in its early stages and does not fully align with the integrated, proactive principles of the PHM framework. The evidence base is dominated by risk stratification and preliminary intervention studies, while foundational areas like health literacy and technological monitoring are less developed. Future work could focus on standardizing MCR assessment, addressing key gaps in the underrepresented PHM dimensions, and developing and testing...

Older adults are disproportionately affected by infectious diseases like influenza (flu) due to immune declines and poor vaccine responses. Senolytics have been shown to improve various age-related conditions and positively influence infection outcomes, yet their potential to enhance vaccine responses has not yet been explored. Here, we evaluated the potential of senolytic combination Dasatinib (D) and Quercetin (Q) treatment prior to influenza vaccination to potentiate immune responses in aged...

The senescent cell (SC) fate is linked to aging, multiple disorders and diseases, and physical dysfunction. Senolytics, agents that selectively eliminate 30%-70% of SCs, act by transiently disabling the senescent cell antiapoptotic pathways (SCAPs), which defend those SCs that are proapoptotic and pro-inflammatory from their own senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Consistent with this, a JAK/STAT inhibitor, Ruxolitinib, which attenuates the pro-inflammatory SASP of senescent human...

Kinship relationships between parents affect offspring fitness. Beyond its effects in heterozygosity or its impact in deleterious alleles that can be reduced to homozygosity and decrease the individuals' fitness, the consequences of parental relatedness in the offspring remain understudied. By leveraging the availability of detailed pedigrees of captive Peromyscus we explored how parental relatedness impacts the methylome and the epigenetic age estimation of the offspring. Global CpG methylation...

On October 22nd, 2025, Brain Aging Symposium took place at Harvard Medical School bringing together leading researchers from academia and partner organizations to discuss recent advances in measuring and monitoring human brain aging trajectories, with a particular focus on Alzheimer's disease (AD). A central theme emerged: achieving "the right treatment for the right person and the right time" through precision medicine approaches. Key advances included the unprecedented validation of...

A key characteristic of senescent and ageing cells is a reduction in number and increase in size of nucleoli. Although a number of pathways have been suggested, the mechanisms underlying this altered nucleolar phenotype, and the downstream consequences, remain poorly understood. The PolI complex component, TIF-IA, has previously been implicated in regulating this characteristic nucleolar phenotype in response to stress. Here we explored the role of TIF-IA in senescence and ageing. We show that...

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Periodontitis and smoking are major contributors to oral and systemic health deterioration in aging adults. This study investigated the combined effects of smoking status and periodontitis severity on the subgingival microbiome in 1107 individuals aged 69-72 using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Smoking was linked to reduced microbial diversity, enrichment of periodontal pathogens, and depletion of health-associated commensals, while increasing periodontitis severity was associated with broader...

The olfactory epithelium (OE) undergoes life-long renewal and regeneration. This process is supported by the globose basal cells (GBC) during the homeostatic state, as well as horizontal basal cells (HBC) during severe damage. Inflamm-aging refers to the low-grade, chronic and progressive state of heightened pro-inflammation associated with aging. However, the impact of inflamm-aging on OE homeostasis, regeneration, and the inflammatory microenvironment is not fully understood. In this study...

Social support has been related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality in longitudinal cohort analyses, but the biological pathways underpinning this remain underexplored. This exploratory study examined the associations between social support and a wide range of proteomic biomarkers and performed the mediating effect of proteomic biomarkers in the association between social support and CVD and mortality to identify potential biological pathways linking social support to health...