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Coiled nerves allow the reptiles to move their peepers in multiple directions at once without moving their heads

CONCLUSIONS: Relative muscle power showed superior predictive performance for self-reported walking difficulty, as an indicator of mobility limitation, compared to other normalization methods. Future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings and explore their relevance for other clinically meaningful outcomes.

Science historian Nathaniel Comfort reflects on the “most famous scientist of the 20th century, and the most infamous of the 21st”

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) increases one's risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and tauopathy. Yet, the mechanisms linking TBI to neurodegenerative disease remain poorly defined. Mounting recent evidence indicates that defects in brain lymphatic drainage contribute to multiple neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we investigated whether promoting brain lymphatic drainage recuperation following TBI via treatment with the lymphangiogenic factor vessel endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC) mitigates...

No abstract

The present study compares the predictive performance of serum bile acids with that of conventional Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) biomarkers of brain hypometabolism in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum using [^(18)F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography ([^(18)F]-FDG-PET). Data were extracted from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). CSF biomarker data, serum bile acid measurements, and [^(18)F]-FDG-PET data were used. We studied 556 participants, including 185...

This letter provides a critical reflection on the article "Sex- and age-related declines in muscle mass, strength, physical performance, and muscle quality among community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional study" (Asano et al., 2025). The study significantly advances our understanding of age-related muscle deterioration by examining multiple domains, including muscle mass, strength, physical performance, and quality, in a large cohort of Japanese older adults. Key findings highlight that...

The endurance capacity of the spinal extensor muscles plays a key role in maintaining spinal function. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to synthesise current evidence on how ageing influences fatigue of the spinal extensor muscles, addressing the inconsistent findings reported across existing studies. Medline, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science and CINAHL Plus databases were searched from their inception to 28 June 2025. Cross-sectional studies assessing fatigue of the spinal extensor...

Intrinsic capacity (IC) is a composite that includes five different domains related to a person's capacities: sensory, locomotion, vitality, psychological and cognitive. IC represents part of a global effort to promote healthy ageing, one aspect of which is healthy cognitive functioning. This study aimed to elucidate the association of IC and cognitive decline in older adults. Using data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA, wave 6), IC composite was derived through z-score and...

The field of ageing science has gone through remarkable progress in recent decades, yet many fundamental questions remain unanswered or unexplored. Here we present a curated list of 100 open problems in ageing and longevity science. These questions were collected through community engagement and further analysed using Natural Language Processing to assess their prevalence in the literature and to identify both well-established and emerging research gaps. The final list is categorised into...

CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that WM training can represent a promising approach to sustain older adults’ cognitive functioning and to modulate cortical plasticity, inducing long-lasting left-lateralized activation.

Low yields of dopamine neurons in human stem cell-derived neural grafts limit their potential for treating Parkinson's disease. Zhang et al.¹ develop a new three-dimensional differentiation method, informed and refined through careful clonal linage tracing of donor cells post-transplantation, to improve dopamine neuron purity of grafts, eliminating unwanted, off-target populations.

Telomere biology is important for aging and is the cause of the pathogenesis of many neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), stroke, and brain tumors. Telomere shortening is considered to play a role in neurodegeneration, immune senescence, and cerebrovascular dysfunction. Shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is associated with increased risk and severity of stroke, poorer cognitive outcomes in AD, and increased...

No abstract

The diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is currently based on clinical criteria, centered on the characteristic motor syndrome. However, motor manifestations become evident only after a significant proportion of nigro-striatal dopaminergic neurons have already undergone neurodegeneration. The recent "NSD-ISS" and "SynNeurGe" research frameworks have proposed new biological diagnostic criteria focusing on α-synucleinopathy, neurodegeneration, and genetic biomarkers, independent of clinical...

Cellular senescence plays dual roles in precancer lesions: initially serving as a tumor-suppressive barrier within the epithelial compartment and later contributing to a pro-tumoral precancer tissue microenvironment (PreTME) via a sustained, paracrine secretome known as senescent-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). This commentary highlights the role of senescence across various PreTME cell types, explores emerging pharmacologic and lifestyle interception strategies, and outlines current...

Cytosolic translation activity is fine-tuned by environmental conditions primarily through signaling pathways that target translation initiation factors. Although mitochondria possess their own translation machinery, they lack an autonomous signaling network analogous to their cytosolic counterpart for regulating translation activity. Consequently, our understanding of how mitochondrial translation activity is adjusted under different metabolic environments remains very limited. Here, we report...

Aging is a natural, multifactorial biological process characterised by progressive cellular and tissue damage in response to various stressors, leading to functional decline that often affects multiple organs, contributing to the development of age-related diseases. Although life expectancy has increased significantly, age-related conditions have become the leading causes of impairment and disability in the elderly, becoming a major global health concern. This highlights the need for innovative,...

Telomere biology is important for aging and is the cause of the pathogenesis of many neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), stroke, and brain tumors. Telomere shortening is considered to play a role in neurodegeneration, immune senescence, and cerebrovascular dysfunction. Shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is associated with increased risk and severity of stroke, poorer cognitive outcomes in AD, and increased...