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Vision and Cognitive Difficulties From Midlife to Late Life: Findings From the National Health Interview Survey

2 weeks 1 day ago
ObjectivesTo examine whether the association between vision and cognitive difficulties varies by age group.MethodsWe analyzed pooled data from the 2021-2023 National Health Interview Survey, including 52,582 U.S. adults aged 45 and older. Vision and cognitive difficulties were based on self-reports. Logistic regression with interaction terms assessed age-related differences.ResultsVision difficulty was reported by 22.7% of respondents. It was associated with over twice the odds of cognitive...
Daniel Jung

Utilizing accelerated and delayed murine models of aging to address the "healthspan issue" - A review of skeletal muscle health

2 weeks 1 day ago
The gap between lifespan and healthspan is increasing globally, resulting in millions of individuals spending additional years burdened by frailty or disease. This disparity, paired with the increasingly aged populations of Western nations, poses a palpable predicament to public health and the economy. Deterioration of the skeletal muscle system is a key contributor to illness, loss of independence, and diminishing healthspan. Muscle quality correlates to longevity due to its significant role in...
Matthew J Johnston

PRDX1 promotes testosterone synthesis and attenuates aging via redox regulation of ATG4B to modulate lipophagy

2 weeks 1 day ago
Testosterone insufficiency disrupts spermatogenesis and expedites male aging. Autophagy facilitates testosterone synthesis. However, a molecular reduction mechanism of autophagy-related protein 4 homolog B (ATG4B) has not been established. Herein, we reveal that peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) is clinically associated with male fertility disorders. Adult mutant mice with Leydig cell (LC)-specific deletion of the Prdx1 gene exhibit premature testicular aging and infertility. A series of in vivo and in...
Hanbin Zhang

Classically studied coherent structures only paint a partial picture of wall-bounded turbulence

2 weeks 1 day ago
For the last 140 years, the mechanisms of transport and dissipation of energy in a turbulent flow have not been completely understood. Previous research has focused on analyzing the so-called coherent structures, organized flow patterns characterized by their spatial coherence, lifespan and significant contribution to momentum and energy transfer. However, the connection between these structures and the flow development is still uncertain. Here, we show a data-driven methodology for objectively...
Andrés Cremades

AI-driven discovery of dual antiaging and anti-AD therapeutics via PROTAC target deconvolution of a super-enhancer-regulated axis

2 weeks 1 day ago
The lack of safe, durable therapeutics that act against both biological aging and Alzheimer's disease is an unmet clinical need. To bridge this gap, we devised an artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled approach that pairs rapid compound triage with mechanistic target deconvolution. Our AI-driven screening highlighted melatonin (MLT) as a promising candidate. Serum profiling of 161 human individuals confirmed an age-related fall in circulating MLT level, while subsequent in vivo and in vitro...
Yuan Sun

AI-driven discovery of dual antiaging and anti-AD therapeutics via PROTAC target deconvolution of a super-enhancer-regulated axis

2 weeks 1 day ago
The lack of safe, durable therapeutics that act against both biological aging and Alzheimer's disease is an unmet clinical need. To bridge this gap, we devised an artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled approach that pairs rapid compound triage with mechanistic target deconvolution. Our AI-driven screening highlighted melatonin (MLT) as a promising candidate. Serum profiling of 161 human individuals confirmed an age-related fall in circulating MLT level, while subsequent in vivo and in vitro...
Yuan Sun

Inferring multi-organ genetic connections using imaging and clinical data through Mendelian randomization

2 weeks 1 day ago
Understanding the complex relationships among major clinical outcomes and the interplay among multiple organs remains a considerable challenge. By using imaging phenotypes, we can characterize the functional and structural architecture of major human organs. Mendelian randomization (MR) provides a valuable framework for uncovering robust relationships between phenotypes by leveraging genetic variants as instrumental variables. Here we conduct a systematic multi-organ MR analysis involving 402...
Juan Shu

Polygenic risk score and cluster-based analysis suggests links between type 2 diabetes and vascular dementia in the KARE study

2 weeks 1 day ago
Type 2 diabetes is an established risk factor for dementia. However, how its genetic heterogeneity affects different dementia subtypes remains unclear. In this study, we investigate the associations between genetic risk of type 2 diabetes and dementia subtypes among 33,136 older Chinese adults from the KARE cohort. We find that a higher overall polygenic risk score for type 2 diabetes is significantly associated with an increased risk of vascular dementia, but not Alzheimer's disease. Further...
Wanqing Dong

Associations between housing type and home conditions with exercise and physical activity among older adults

2 weeks 1 day ago
CONCLUSION: Overall, living in a damaged home was positively associated with increased PA and exercise levels, whereas the presence of a musty smell was linked to reduced PA and exercise levels among older adults. The observed sex differences suggest that interventions may need to be tailored accordingly. Our results underscore the importance of addressing home conditions, particularly damage and air quality, to promote PA among older adults.
Zeyun Feng

Association between depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment among older adults in China: a mediation analysis of proactive health

2 weeks 1 day ago
CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that depressive symptoms not only directly influenced cognitive impairment among older adults but also indirectly via proactive health. Exercise should be encouraged among the older people to promote their participation in social activities, thereby improving their proactive health and ultimately preventing cognitive impairment.
Yilin Li

SH3P2-mediated autophagosomal targeting of the CCZ1-MON1-RABG3e module regulates autophagosome-vacuole fusion in Arabidopsis

2 weeks 1 day ago
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a highly conserved pathway responsible for the bulk degradation of cytoplasmic material through the formation of a double-membrane structure known as the autophagosome. However, the precise mechanisms governing the transport of autophagosomes to the vacuole for degradation in plants remain largely elusive. There exists an ongoing debate about whether RAB7, a key regulatory protein, is involved in the plant autophagy pathway. In this study, we demonstrate that upon...
Xiaohui Zheng

Early identification of frailty in older adults in primary care: a study protocol of a longitudinal cohort study

2 weeks 1 day ago
BACKGROUND: Population ageing increases frailty prevalence, a condition linked to higher disability risk. The Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) model promotes early frailty identification in primary care and integration of health, social, and community services. However, evidence of adaptations of ICOPE models in different contexts is scarce, as is knowledge of health literacy's (HL) role in frailty screening. This study protocol describes a project applying ICOPE indications to identify...
Chiara Milani

Prevalence of anaemia and associated factors among geriatric population from rural Mangalore: a cross-sectional study

2 weeks 1 day ago
CONCLUSION: This study revealed that one-fourth of the study population had anaemia. The overall prevalence of anaemia was equal in males and females. The most common type of anaemia was the normocytic normochromic type and there was a significant association between anaemia and characteristics such as age, number of comorbidities and diabetes mellitus.
Babburi SaiHarika

Personalized biomarkers of multiscale functional alterations in temporal lobe epilepsy

2 weeks 1 day ago
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common pharmacoresistant epilepsy in adults, yet few patients receive curative surgery due to diagnostic and prognostic uncertainty. In a multicenter cohort, we analyzed multimodal MRI and clinical data from 282 TLE patients, 298 healthy controls, and 45 disease controls. Patient-specific deviations from typical lifespan trajectories of intrinsic brain function were mapped using normative modeling. Regional functional alterations were heterogeneous but...
Ke Xie

Solitary eating is linked to reduced brain volume in cognitively unimpaired individuals and possible future cognitive decline

2 weeks 1 day ago
Social isolation and poor nutrition are recognized risk factors for cognitive decline in older adults. However, the relationship between solitary eating, brain structure, and dietary patterns remains unclear. This study investigated the relationship between solitary eating, brain structure, and diet in healthy older Japanese adults. A total of 727 cognitively normal participants (mean age 70.32 years) underwent MRI and dietary assessments. Results showed that individuals who frequently eat alone...
Mikana Isa