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Energy spectrum of elusive particles shows an intriguing bump, giant IceCube experiment reports

Optogenetics is poised to move from a research tool to new therapies—if scientists can show it’s safe

Bark spider silk is stronger than steel, but males make a weaker version

Growing more common as climate warms, these once-rare events could ultimately accelerate ice loss

Replicability analysis is a cornerstone for identifying genuine genetic associations in genome-wide association studies (GWAS), yet existing methods are constrained by their failure to account for linkage disequilibrium (LD) structure among single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or underuse of auxiliary information, limiting their reliability and statistical power. We develop CARLIS, a comprehensive covariate-assisted replicability analysis method to enhance both statistical rigor and biological...

Timely and accessible tools for detecting preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) are essential for early intervention, yet reliance on MRI biomarkers limits scalability. Using longitudinal data from 210 cognitively normal older adults in ADNI, we compared the predictive value of verbal episodic memory, hippocampal volume, and a visuospatial composite. Over a 7-year window, 106 participants progressed to mild cognitive impairment (MCI), while 104 remained stable. At baseline, Immediate Recall on...

Timely and accessible tools for detecting preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) are essential for early intervention, yet reliance on MRI biomarkers limits scalability. Using longitudinal data from 210 cognitively normal older adults in ADNI, we compared the predictive value of verbal episodic memory, hippocampal volume, and a visuospatial composite. Over a 7-year window, 106 participants progressed to mild cognitive impairment (MCI), while 104 remained stable. At baseline, Immediate Recall on...

CONCLUSIONS: Findings support the SCT triadic reciprocal determinism: personal factors influence and are influenced by behavioral and environmental elements. Consequently, a multilevel strategy aligned with SCT, such as enhancing personal capacity, strengthening institutional support, and optimizing systemic safeguards, is essential to empower hospital-based healthcare professionals to intervene in elder abuse.

Fatty acids are involved in disease risk and aging processes. In the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2002), we tested for associations of total, saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA), polyunsaturated (PUFA), and subtypes of dietary fatty acids with DNA methylation-based aging biomarkers, adjusting for age, BMI, total energy intake, and sociodemographic and behavioral factors (N = 2260). Higher SFA and MUFA were associated with greater GrimAge2, an aging biomarker of...

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to the maintenance of organism-wide proteostasis by mediating intercellular communication. Loss of proteostasis and altered intercellular communication are associated with aging and age-related diseases, suggesting key roles for EVs. However, it is unclear how the proteome of the EVs changes with age. To identify EV-associated proteins (EVAPs) and their fate with age, we curated publicly available EV proteome data from C. elegans model organism and human....

CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy and safety of anti-amyloid mAbs in AD may differ based on patients' demographic and genetic factors. These findings highlight the potential for personalised treatment strategies and inform national drug policies. Further research is needed to evaluate long-term outcomes and address under-studied patient populations.

The apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is linked to poorer cerebrovascular health. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR), an indicator of vascular reserve, and cerebral pulsatility (CP), a marker of vascular stiffness, are sensitive biomarkers of early vascular dysfunction associated with aging and AD. However, the relationship between APOE4 status and these cerebrovascular metrics remains unclear. This study investigated whether the...

CONCLUSIONS: Sustaining higher levels of physical activity over time is associated with a slower rate of cognitive decline in older Chinese adults. This protective effect is especially pronounced in specific demographic subgroups.

Understanding metabolic changes across the human lifespan is essential for addressing age-related health challenges. However, comprehensive metabolomic and lipidomic analyses, particularly in human plasma, remain underexplored. Herein, we performed untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics profiling of plasma collected from 136 individuals aged 0-84 years. This analysis reveals distinct metabolic signatures across life stages, with newborns displaying unique sphingosine (SPH) profiles, while aging...

Frailty in older adults, particularly those with chronic diseases, has a robust association with risk of mortality, but whether this is the case in middle-aged adults is unclear. We examined the frailty-mortality association in middle-aged adults with chronic diseases and multimorbidity. Data on Fried's frailty phenotype (robust, prefrail, frail) and 47 chronic diseases, mapped to 13 body organ systems, was available on 230,960 participants of the UK Biobank study (mean age 57.8, range...

Population aging is accelerating worldwide, with 16% projected to be aged ≥ 65 years by 2050. A practical index reflecting overall aging status is needed for population-based research, as existing indices often require specialised or cognitive assessments. We developed a Physiological Healthy Aging Index (PHAI) using accessible biomarkers and evaluated its association with mortality in Korean adults. A total of 6398 participants aged ≥ 40 years from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study...

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