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Although neuromuscular decline is well documented with aging, emerging evidence indicates that it may begin as early as midlife, around age 50. As this stage represents a critical window for early intervention, the present study investigated age- and sex-related differences in muscle activation using high-density surface electromyography (HD-sEMG) of the biceps brachii (BB). Physically active individuals were categorized into three age groups: young (20-30 years), middle-aged (45-55 years), and...

Precise recommendations for humans to reach more than 100 years remain elusive. A recent multiomics study revealed that extreme age and poor health are not inherently linked. Longevity stems from a multifactorial resilience that involves protective genetics, efficient metabolism, low inflammation, and favorable lifestyle choices. Insights from centenarians and Blue Zones suggest that healthy aging is rooted in the synergistic interplay of biological, environmental, and above mentioned factors.

Longitudinal studies are required to measure individual differences in human brain aging, but are challenging over short intervals due to measurement error. Using cluster scanning, an approach that reduces error by densely repeating rapid structural scans, we assess brain aging in individuals across three timepoints in one year. Cluster scanning substantially improves the precision of individualized estimates, revealing previously undetectable individual differences in brain change. In just one...

Chemokines are small molecule secreted proteins that regulate biological processes such as chemotaxis, hematopoiesis, and angiogenesis, typically functioning through binding to G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) on the cell surface. The chemokine family can be classified into four major types based on the differences in their conserved cysteine motifs at the N-terminal: CC, CXC, CX3C, and XC. Among them, the CXC family occupies a central position in the chemokine group. Due to their vital role...

No abstract

RNA is subject to many modifications, from small chemical changes like methylation to conjugation of biomolecules such as glycans. As well as endogenously written modifications, RNA is also exposed to damage induced by its environment. Certain clinical compounds are known to covalently modify RNA with a growing appreciation of how these impact clinical efficacy. To understand the regulation of these modifications, we need a reliable, sensitive, and rapid methodology for their quantification....

Purpose of the ResearchUsing longitudinal data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), we examined whether childhood book environment is associated with higher cognitive functioning and better cognitive maintenance later in life, especially among individuals with lower education.Major FindingsAmong 86,619 adults aged 60+ (226,515 person-wave observations from Waves 4-8, with retrospective childhood circumstances from Waves 3 and 7), even modest childhood access to...

Adverse events across the life course have been linked to older biological ageing profiles. Whether these associations differ between males and females, and whether such differences depend on adversity occurring in childhood, adulthood or both periods, remains unclear. In 153,557 UK Biobank participants aged 40-69 years, we assessed associations of childhood and/or adulthood adversity with metabolomic ageing, frailty, telomere length and grip strength. Sex differences were evaluated using...

Cereal grains contain bioactive compounds that may influence longevity. We investigated the effects of 20 cereal varieties on longevity and healthspan in Drosophila melanogaster, including triticale, bread wheat, durum wheats, ancient wheats, and regional varieties. Cereal-based diets exhibited sex-specific differences relative to cereal-free controls: females showed 3-13% longer lifespans while males exhibited reduced lifespans by up to 19%. In females, clear patterns were observed: pronounced...

Fat plays a key role in maintaining energy balance and supporting various physiological processes. HuAge-related disorders in fat utilization are increasingly prevalent, contributing to impaired energy balance, heightened metabolic disease risk, and increased cardiovascular dysfunction. The mechanism of age-induced disorders of fat utilization remains unclear. This study aims to explore the key factor affecting fat digestion and absorption during aging. Mice of different ages were used to...

Skeletal muscle aging is characterized by progressive functional decline and molecular remodeling, yet how different muscle types respond to aging remains incompletely understood. Here, we performed integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling of three functionally distinct muscles-gastrocnemius (GA), soleus (SOL), and tibialis anterior (TA)-from young (3-month) and aged (24-month) C57BL/6J male mice. Our multi-omics approach revealed both shared and muscle-specific molecular signatures...

PINK1-dependent activation of PRKN/parkin on depolarized mitochondria causes mitophagy. The deficiency of NME3, a nucleoside diphosphate kinase/NDPK on the outer mitochondria membrane (OMM), is associated with a fatal neurodegenerative disorder. Here, we report that NME3 deficiency impairs p-S65-ubiquitin (Ub)-dependent PRKN binding on depolarized mitochondria without involving the loss of Ub phosphorylation by PINK1. Our mechanistic investigation revealed that NME3 interacts with PLD6/MitoPLD...

The changing demography of human populations has motivated a search for interventions that promote healthy ageing, and especially for evolutionarily-conserved mechanisms that can be studied in lab systems to generate hypotheses about function in humans. Reduced Insulin/IGF signalling (IIS) is a leading example, which can extend healthy lifespan in a range of animals, but whether benefits and costs of reduced IIS vary genetically within species is under-studied. This information is critical for...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a continuously advancing neurodegenerative condition distinguished by the unremitting deterioration of cognitive abilities and memory impairment, which significantly hampers daily functioning of life. In the absence of disease modifying treatments, it continues to pose a significant global challenge. Though symptomatic treatment exists, the inherent complexity involved with AD pathogenesis related to Aβ plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, neuroinflammation,...

New energy-absorbing designs and materials have revolutionized the iconic safety device

Science, Volume 391, Issue 6785, February 2026.

Science, Volume 391, Issue 6785, February 2026.