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Three-dimensional trace element profile reflecting aging, disease, and frailty

2 weeks ago
Older age combined with chronic disease increases the risk of malnutrition and frailty, impacting disease recovery and overall clinical outcomes. Serum concentrations of several trace elements and their respective biomarkers have not yet been investigated with regard to frailty in older adults with disease, although these patients most likely have an altered trace element profile owing to both inflammatory conditions and inadequate dietary intake. This cross-sectional study investigated trace...
Catrin Herpich

Genetic influences on haematopoiesis

2 weeks ago
Haematopoiesis has long been a paradigm for understanding how human genetic variation can influence physiology in health and disease, ranging from the genetic characterization of Mendelian blood diseases to population-scale genomic studies of blood cell phenotypes and diseases. More recently, advances in single-cell genomics and variant-to-function mapping are enabling mechanistic insights into how genetic variation shapes blood cell development. Alongside inherited variation, the...
Michael Poeschla

Adaptor protein supersaturation drives innate immune signaling and cell fate

2 weeks ago
How minute pathogenic signals trigger decisive immune responses is a fundamental question in biology. Classical signaling often relies on ATP-driven enzymatic cascades, but innate immunity frequently employs death fold domain (DFD) self-assembly. The energetic basis of this assembly is unknown. Here, we show that specific DFDs function as energy reservoirs through metastable supersaturation. Characterizing all 109 human DFDs, we identified sequence-encoded nucleation barriers specifically in the...
Alejandro Rodriguez Gama

Role of Succinate Dehydrogenase in Age-Related Th17 Inflammation

2 weeks ago
Age-related cellular changes negatively impact CD4^(+) T cell function. Our prior work showed that mitochondrial complex II (succinate dehydrogenase [SDH]) expression was upregulated in T cells from older (O) adults (60-80 years old). T cells from older adults also produced higher amounts of cytokines generally considered proinflammatory, such as Th17 cytokines IL-17A/F and IL-21, and the Th-17-supportive cytokine IL-6, compared to T cells from younger (Y) adults (25-40 years old). The objective...
Evelyn Ocegueda