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New DNA analysis links Deep Maniots to Greece’s premedieval past

After a 12-year affiliation intended to address financial woes, the Marine Biological Laboratory returns to independence

Efforts to correct historic undercount of poor, immigrant, rural, and minority populations are at risk, critics say

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Although most research on testicular aging has traditionally centered on germ cells, recent transcriptomic evidence shows that Sertoli cells are actually the most sensitive cell type to aging, displaying the highest number of aging-related differentially expressed genes and the greatest increase in transcriptional noise. As age advances, Sertoli cells undergo progressive quantitative loss, aberrant morphology, and disorganization of cytoskeletal and junctional structures, changes that...

Aging is the progressive decline in function at the cellular, tissue, and organismal levels that ultimately leads to mortality. The longevity of an organism is influenced by various internal and external factors, including nutrition, exercise, metabolic dysfunction, genomic instability, and epigenetic imbalance. Histone modifications, such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination, play a critical role in aging. These modifications illustrate histone changes crucial for...

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), the tumor-originating fraction of cell-free DNA (cfDNA), is widely used as a biomarker for cancer detection and therapeutic monitoring; however, its direct biological impact on normal cells remains insufficiently understood. Since ctDNA contains tumor-derived molecular features, we hypothesized that it could serve as a signal that induces stress responses in healthy stromal cells. In this study, ctDNA and cfDNA were isolated from the conditioned media of B16-F10...

The increasing elderly population has brought healthy aging into focus. Aging is a multifactorial process characterized by the progressive decline of cellular and tissue functions, largely due to cumulative oxidative stress. Antioxidant-based strategies have therefore gained prominence as potential interventions. This study investigated the protective and therapeutic effects of Squalene (SQ) and Saponin (SP), individually and in combination, on aging-related biomarkers in brain tissue using a...

CONCLUSION: Dual-task RT enhanced inflammatory and metabolic profiles, partially retaining benefits after detraining. This intervention presents a viable strategy to mitigate aging-related systemic health decline in vulnerable populations.

Deficits in dopamine function cause alterations in episodic memory. Converging evidence implicates dopamine in postencoding hippocampal mechanisms inferred to support long-term memory, though there is a lack of direct evidence in humans. We address this gap using pharmacological functional MRI (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET). Using a motivated reward encoding task on and off oral methylphenidate, we tested whether individual differences in baseline dopamine ([^(11)C]raclopride PET...

As a metabolically active organ, kidney has to challenge progressive functional decline with ageing. Meantime, in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases, renal dysfunction also accelerates an individual's ageing trajectory, leading to premature senescence and a disconnect between biological age and chronological age. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a well-recognized characteristic of kidney ageing, whereas preserving mitochondrial homeostasis can effectively delay the ageing process. This review...

Although neuromuscular decline is well documented with aging, emerging evidence indicates that it may begin as early as midlife, around age 50. As this stage represents a critical window for early intervention, the present study investigated age- and sex-related differences in muscle activation using high-density surface electromyography (HD-sEMG) of the biceps brachii (BB). Physically active individuals were categorized into three age groups: young (20-30 years), middle-aged (45-55 years), and...

Precise recommendations for humans to reach more than 100 years remain elusive. A recent multiomics study revealed that extreme age and poor health are not inherently linked. Longevity stems from a multifactorial resilience that involves protective genetics, efficient metabolism, low inflammation, and favorable lifestyle choices. Insights from centenarians and Blue Zones suggest that healthy aging is rooted in the synergistic interplay of biological, environmental, and above mentioned factors.

Longitudinal studies are required to measure individual differences in human brain aging, but are challenging over short intervals due to measurement error. Using cluster scanning, an approach that reduces error by densely repeating rapid structural scans, we assess brain aging in individuals across three timepoints in one year. Cluster scanning substantially improves the precision of individualized estimates, revealing previously undetectable individual differences in brain change. In just one...

Chemokines are small molecule secreted proteins that regulate biological processes such as chemotaxis, hematopoiesis, and angiogenesis, typically functioning through binding to G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) on the cell surface. The chemokine family can be classified into four major types based on the differences in their conserved cysteine motifs at the N-terminal: CC, CXC, CX3C, and XC. Among them, the CXC family occupies a central position in the chemokine group. Due to their vital role...