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Researchers say DOE report cherry-picks data to downplay threat of greenhouse gases

Slow-motion footage helps scientists predict flight paths of molten projectiles

International food security body issues rare alert about “worst-case scenario” unfolding

Cerebrovascular dysfunction underlies many neurological disorders, yet how genetic variants in brain vascular cells drive disease risk remains unknown. We developed MultiVINE-seq to simultaneously profile RNA and chromatin accessibility in vascular, perivascular, and immune cells from 30 human brains. Mapping genome-wide association study (GWAS) data to our multi-omic atlas linked thousands of GWAS disease-risk variants to target cell types and genes, including 2,605 previously unmapped. We...

ER and mitochondrial stress are often interconnected and considered major contributors to aging as well as neurodegeneration. Coordinated induction of ER^(UPR) and mito^(UPR) has been observed in diabetes and pulmonary disorders. However, in the context of aging and neurodegeneration, regulation of this intra-organellar crosstalk has remained relatively elusive. Here, we demonstrate that pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4), a mitochondrial protein, accumulates at the ER-mitochondrial contact...

Physiological brain aging is associated with cognitive impairment and neuroanatomical changes. Brain age prediction of routine clinical 2D brain MRI scans were understudied and often unsuccessful. We developed a novel brain age prediction framework for clinical 2D T1-weighted MRI scans using a deep learning-based model trained with research grade 3D MRI scans mostly from publicly available datasets (N = 8681; age = 51.76 ± 21.74). Our model showed accurate and fast brain age prediction on...

The accumulation of amyloid fibrils has been identified in tissues outside the brain, yet little is understood about the formation of extracerebral amyloidosis and its impact on organ aging. Here, we demonstrate that both transgenic Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice and naturally aging mice exhibit accumulated senescent bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds), accompanied by amyloid deposits. Senescent BMAds acquire a secretory phenotype, markedly increasing secretion of serum amyloid P component (SAP), also...

Alzheimer's disease and related disorders (ADRD), as well as general age-related cognitive decline, are known to be multifactorial with heterogeneous etiologies. Identifying and accommodating heterogeneity in any one data set can be pursued using different analytical techniques, each with different assumptions or purposes. Whereas a great deal of research has explored clustering individuals of variables that exhibit greater similarity in some way, little research has explored evidence for...

ER and mitochondrial stress are often interconnected and considered major contributors to aging as well as neurodegeneration. Coordinated induction of ER^(UPR) and mito^(UPR) has been observed in diabetes and pulmonary disorders. However, in the context of aging and neurodegeneration, regulation of this intra-organellar crosstalk has remained relatively elusive. Here, we demonstrate that pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4), a mitochondrial protein, accumulates at the ER-mitochondrial contact...

Mosaic loss of chromosome Y (mLOY) is the most common somatic mutation in hematopoietic cells of aging men and is linked to cancer risk and mortality. However, its relationship with treatment modalities remains unclear. In 348 prostate cancer patients at Juntendo University Hospital, local radiotherapy was associated with a higher prevalence of mLOY (OR = 2.55, 95% CI: 1.08-6.50, P = 0.04), whereas surgery and endocrine therapy were not. We then examined BioBank Japan data from over 30,000...

Biomolecular condensates are dynamic cellular compartments that concentrate proteins and enzymes to regulate biochemical reactions in time and space. While these condensates can enhance enzyme activity, how this function changes as condensates age remains poorly understood. Here, we design synthetic catalytic condensates that selectively recruit enzymes to investigate this temporal evolution. We show that catalytic condensates exhibit time-dependent activity: they initially accelerate enzymatic...

Physiological brain aging is associated with cognitive impairment and neuroanatomical changes. Brain age prediction of routine clinical 2D brain MRI scans were understudied and often unsuccessful. We developed a novel brain age prediction framework for clinical 2D T1-weighted MRI scans using a deep learning-based model trained with research grade 3D MRI scans mostly from publicly available datasets (N = 8681; age = 51.76 ± 21.74). Our model showed accurate and fast brain age prediction on...

The accumulation of amyloid fibrils has been identified in tissues outside the brain, yet little is understood about the formation of extracerebral amyloidosis and its impact on organ aging. Here, we demonstrate that both transgenic Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice and naturally aging mice exhibit accumulated senescent bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds), accompanied by amyloid deposits. Senescent BMAds acquire a secretory phenotype, markedly increasing secretion of serum amyloid P component (SAP), also...

No abstract

CONCLUSION: This qualitative study provides new insight into the dilemma of subsequent fragility fracture prevention among elderly individuals. Starting from cultural concepts and proactive health education, helping the elderly establish a positive attitude toward aging can enhance their awareness of subsequent fracture prevention and treatment, as well as their initiative and confidence in health management. Meanwhile, perpetuating the beneficial effects of Confucian culture and enhancing...

CONCLUSIONS: Systemic factors had a major influence on the implementation of GSH and we posit that they hold particular relevance for integrated care models in complex healthcare systems. Whole-system changes above and beyond implementation efforts of individual programmes may be needed for successful and sustainable implementation of integrated care.

Senescent cells, characterized by irreversible cell cycle arrest and inflammatory factor secretion, promote various age-related pathologies. Senescent cells exhibit resistance to ferroptosis, a form of iron-dependent cell death; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we discovered that lysosomal acidity was crucial for lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis induction by cystine deprivation. In senescent cells, lysosomal alkalinization causes the aberrant retention of ferrous iron...

The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster emerges as an affordable, genetically tractable model of behavior and brain diseases. However, despite the surprising level of evolutionary conservation from flies to humans, significant genetic, circuit-level, and behavioral differences hinder the interpretability of fruit fly models for human disease. Therefore, to allow a more direct fly-versus-human comparison, we surveyed the rarely exploited, rich behavioral repertoire of fruit flies with genetic...

Blood perfusion delivers oxygen and nutrients to all cells, making it a fundamental feature of brain organization. How cerebral blood perfusion maps onto micro-, meso- and macro-scale brain structure and function is therefore a key question in neuroscience. Here we analyze pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (ASL) data from 1305 healthy individuals in the HCP Lifespan studies (5-22 and 36-100 years) to reconstruct a high-resolution normative cerebral blood perfusion map. At the cellular and...