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Midkine links aging with breast cancer-A new predictor of cancer risk

2 months 2 weeks ago
Despite aging being one of the strongest risk factors for cancer, little is known about the biological mechanisms that promote tumor initiation. In this issue of Cancer Cell, Yan et al. address this fundamental question in the context of breast cancer and report that midkine is upregulated during the aging process and can promote tumorigenesis.
Jane E Visvader

Midkine as a driver of age-related changes and increase in mammary tumorigenesis

2 months 2 weeks ago
Aging is a pivotal risk factor for cancer, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly defined. Here, we explore age-related changes in the rat mammary gland by single-cell multiomics. Our findings include increased epithelial proliferation, loss of luminal identity, and decreased naive B and T cells with age. We discover a luminal progenitor population unique to old rats with profiles reflecting precancerous changes and identify midkine (Mdk) as a gene upregulated with age and a regulator of...
Pengze Yan

The development of intrinsic capacity measures for longitudinal research: The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam

2 months 2 weeks ago
CONCLUSION: The developed domain-specific IC scores and the composite IC score effectively discriminated age-related declines in IC. Additionally, the composite IC score was longitudinally associated with functional limitations. By creating this comprehensive and reliable tool for tracking IC, we aim to provide valuable insights into the dynamics of ageing and support more effective strategies for promoting health and well-being throughout later life. These scores establish a foundation for...
Yuwei Qi

Deletion of the stress response protein REDD1 prevents sodium iodate-induced RPE damage and photoreceptor loss

2 months 2 weeks ago
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness in elderly populations, yet the molecular events that initiate the early retinal defects that lead to visual function deficits remain poorly understood. The studies here explored a role for the stress response protein Regulated in Development and DNA damage response 1 (REDD1) in the development of retinal pathology by using the oxidant stressor sodium iodate (NaIO(3)) to model dry AMD in mice. REDD1 protein abundance was...
Sandeep M Subrahmanian

A human progeria-associated BAF-1 mutation modulates gene expression and accelerates aging in C. elegans

2 months 2 weeks ago
Alterations in the nuclear envelope are linked to a variety of rare diseases termed laminopathies. A single amino acid substitution at position 12 (A12T) of the human nuclear envelope protein BAF (Barrier to Autointegration Factor) causes Néstor-Guillermo Progeria Syndrome (NGPS). This premature ageing condition leads to growth retardation and severe skeletal defects, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here, we have generated a novel in vivo model for NGPS by modifying the baf-1 locus in...
Raquel Romero-Bueno

Longitudinal autophagy profiling of the mammalian brain reveals sustained mitophagy throughout healthy aging

2 months 2 weeks ago
Mitophagy neutralizes mitochondrial damage, thereby preventing cellular dysfunction and apoptosis. Defects in mitophagy have been strongly implicated in age-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. While mitophagy decreases throughout the lifespan of short-lived model organisms, it remains unknown whether such a decline occurs in the aging mammalian brain-a question of fundamental importance for understanding cell type- and region-specific susceptibility...
Anna Rappe

Shine and darkle the blood vessels: Multiparameter hypersensitive MR angiography for diagnosis of panvascular diseases

2 months 2 weeks ago
Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is pivotal for diagnosing panvascular diseases. However, single-modality MRA falls short in diagnosing diverse vascular abnormalities. Thus, contrast agents combining T(1) and T(2) effects are sought for multiparameter MRA with clinical promise, yet achieving a balance in T(1) and T(2) contrast enhancement effects remains a scientific challenge. Herein, we developed a hypersensitive multiparameter MRA strategy using dual-modality NaGdF(4) nanoparticles....
Wenyue Li

Association between prescription drugs and all-cause mortality risk in the UK population

2 months 2 weeks ago
Although most drugs currently approved are meant to treat specific diseases or symptoms, it has been hypothesized that some might bear a beneficial effect on lifespan in healthy older individuals, outside of their specific disease indication. Such drugs include, among others, metformin, SGLT2 inhibitors and rapamycin. Since 2006, the UK biobank has recorded prescription medication and mortality data for over 500'000 participants, aged between 40 and 70 years old. In this work, we examined the...
Jonas Morin

Rejuvenation factor PF4: a potential gatekeeper for neurodegenerative diseases

2 months 2 weeks ago
Recently, it is discovered PF4 is a cognitive enhancer that improved the cognitive abilities of younger mice and gave older animals their middle-aged acuity back. PF4 works by reducing inflammation during the aging process. As we all known, aging is undoubtedly the main risk factor of neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, inflammation has been extensively investigated and attracted even more interest. Therefore, the aim of the proposal is to highlight the worth of PF4 in inflammaging of...
Fengju Jia

De novo gene synthesis by an antiviral reverse transcriptase

2 months 2 weeks ago
Science, Volume 386, Issue 6717, October 2024.
Stephen Tang, Valentin Conte, Dennis J. Zhang, Rimantė Žedaveinytė, George D. Lampe, Tanner Wiegand, Lauren C. Tang, Megan Wang, Matt W. G. Walker, Jerrin Thomas George, Luke E. Berchowitz, Marko Jovanovic, Samuel H. Sternberg