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Novel technique analyzing metabolites of tobacco in bone could be applied to other substances, potentially revising views of past health and behavior

Building a cadre of researchers is of “vital importance” to saving the world's second largest rainforest

Records from past centuries show vast extent of bivalves before overharvesting, may inspire restoration

Agency fines Cassava Sciences $40 million for touting flawed research on simufilam.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a pressing global health concern, necessitating comprehensive investigations into its underlying molecular mechanisms. While the late-stage pathophysiology of this disease is well understood, it is crucial to examine the role of amyloid beta oligomers (Aβo), which form in the brain during the early stages of disease development. These toxic oligomers could affect neuronal viability and generate oxidative stress in the brain. In this study, we exposed SHSY-5Y...

While the activities of certain proteases promote proteostasis and prevent neurodegeneration-associated phenotypes, the protease cathepsin B (CTSB) enhances proteotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice, and its levels are elevated in brains of AD patients. How CTSB exacerbates the toxicity of the AD-causing Amyloid β (Aβ) peptide is controversial. Using an activity-based probe, aging-altering interventions and the nematode C. elegans, we discovered that the CTSB CPR-6 promotes Aβ...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of long-term disability across the world. Evidence for the usefulness of imaging and fluid biomarkers to predict outcomes and screen for the need to monitor complications in the acute stage is steadily increasing. Still, many people experience symptoms such as fatigue and cognitive and motor dysfunction in the chronic phase of TBI, where objective assessments for brain injury are lacking. Consensus criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome, a...

Tree growth and longevity trade-offs fundamentally shape the terrestrial carbon balance. Yet, we lack a unified understanding of how such trade-offs vary across the world's forests. By mapping life history traits for a wide range of species across the Americas, we reveal considerable variation in life expectancies from 10 centimeters in diameter (ranging from 1.3 to 3195 years) and show that the pace of life for trees can be accurately classified into four demographic functional types. We found...

Objectives: Death anxiety is feelings of worry and fear regarding death. This study explored the effect of number of chronic conditions on death anxiety in older adults and the moderating effect of age. Methods: This study used the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth waves of longitudinal data (2012-2021) collected in Anhui, China (5014 person-year observations). A mixed linear model was used to examine the effect of number of chronic conditions on death anxiety and the moderating effect of age....

Chronic sterile inflammation contributes to aging-associated pathologies/malignancies like cancer and autoimmune disorders. In their recent Nature article, Widjaja et al. established the pro-inflammatory, pro-fibrotic cytokine 11 (IL11) as a regulatory driver/hub of aging-associated inflammation (inflammaging) in mice. Genetic and pharmacological IL11 blockade reduces inflammaging, improving healthspan, lifespan, and longevity in male and female mice, highlighting IL11 as a new inflammatory...

CONCLUSION: The prevalence of frailty in gastric cancer is common and has a significant adverse effect on GC patients' outcomes. Our findings highlight the importance of routine frailty assessment in GC patients, which may provide prognostic outcomes.

Dietary restriction (DR) extends lifespan in various species, but its effect at different ages, especially when started later, is unclear. This study used Caenorhabditis elegans to explore the impact of DR at different ages. Worms were divided into control and DR groups, with daily survival monitored. To confirm the occurrence of DR, the expression of DR-sensitive genes namely acdh-1, pyk-1, pck-2 and cts-1 were determined using RT-qPCR. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was...

Chronic pain remains a significant medical challenge with complex underlying mechanisms, and an urgent need for new treatments. Our research built and utilized the iPain single-cell atlas to study chronic pain progression in dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia. We discovered that senescence of a small subset of pain-sensing neurons may be a driver of chronic pain. This mechanism was observed in animal models after nerve injury and in human patients diagnosed with chronic pain or diabetic painful...

While the activities of certain proteases promote proteostasis and prevent neurodegeneration-associated phenotypes, the protease cathepsin B (CTSB) enhances proteotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice, and its levels are elevated in brains of AD patients. How CTSB exacerbates the toxicity of the AD-causing Amyloid β (Aβ) peptide is controversial. Using an activity-based probe, aging-altering interventions and the nematode C. elegans, we discovered that the CTSB CPR-6 promotes Aβ...

Ageing is a complex biological process in which a gradual decline in physiological fitness increases susceptibility to diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. Cellular senescence, a state of irreversible cell-growth arrest accompanied by functional deterioration, has emerged as a pivotal driver of ageing. In this Review, we discuss how heterochromatin loss, telomere attrition and DNA damage contribute to cellular senescence, ageing and age-related diseases by eliciting genome...

With aging, the body's ability to maintain regular functions declines, increasing susceptibility to age-related diseases. Therapeutic interventions targeting the underlying biological changes of aging hold promise for preventing or delaying multiple age-related diseases. Metformin, a drug commonly used for diabetes treatment, has emerged as a potential gerotherapeutic agent due to its established safety record and preclinical and clinical data on its anti-aging effects. Glycosylation, one of the...

The intrinsic brain functional network organization continuously changes with aging. By integrating spatial and temporal information, the process of how brain networks temporally reconfigure and remain well-organized spatial structure largely reflects the brain function, thereby holds the potential to capture its age-related declines. In this study, we examined the spatiotemporal brain dynamics from resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) data of healthy young and older adults...

CONCLUSION: The developed SSWTRT reflects the assessment results of neuropsychological tests in cognitive deterioration and was able to detect early cognitive deficits. This test not only relates to visual perception but is likely to have an association with verbal fluency and memory ability, which are frontal lobe functions.

Authorities have been slow to release data about cases and how they are connected