Aging & Longevity

Neurodegenerative diseases affect 1 in 12 people globally and remain incurable. Central to their pathogenesis is a loss of neuronal protein maintenance and the accumulation of protein aggregates with ageing^(1,2). Here we engineered bioorthogonal tools³ that enabled us to tag the nascent neuronal proteome and study its turnover with ageing, its propensity to aggregate and its interaction with microglia. We show that neuronal protein half-life approximately doubles on average between 4-month-old...

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Mitochondrial dysfunction is recognized as a biological hallmark of aging; however, bioenergetic capacity across the healthy human life course remains insufficiently characterized. While aging is generally associated with a systemic decline in mitochondrial function ("age-related bioenergetic decline"), recent research suggests that age-related bioenergetic differences are context dependent. Blood cells are extensively utilized as accessible samples for human bioenergetic profiling; therefore,...

CONCLUSION: Different sleep duration trajectories are associated with the risk of cognitive impairment, indicating that monitoring dynamic changes in sleep patterns may provide early warning value for cognitive health in the elderly.

CONCLUSION: The findings revealed that cerebrovascular accidents, knee osteoarthritis, and lumbar spondylosis are key contributors to disability in geriatric outpatients. Addressing these conditions can help tailor physiotherapy to improve older adults' functional independence and quality of life.

CONCLUSION: CS maintained better exercise performance in older adults, accompanied by perception that they could perform more repetitions compared to TRAD. However, the CS implemented did not significantly reduce perceived exertion.

Aging is associated with profound alterations in immune cell composition and function, yet the impact on peripheral γ/δ T-cell subsets remains incompletely understood. Here, we show that the peripheral γ/δ T-cell compartment is markedly remodeled with age in mice. Specifically, innate-like Ly-6C^(-) CD44^(hi) γ/δ T cells expand in secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) of aged mice, while adaptive-like subsets decline. This age-related shift is accompanied by enhanced functionality, with Ly-6C^(-)...

CONCLUSION: Our findings highlight HRV's dynamic nature and the need to consider the time of day when investigating the relationship between HRV and cognition. Compared to daytime HRV, reduced nighttime HRV may have a stronger association with worse cognition.

Senescent cells (SCs) accumulate with aging and contribute to the development of age-related pathologies. These cells evade apoptosis through upregulation of senescent cell anti-apoptotic pathways (SCAPs), making their selective elimination, a strategy termed senolysis, a promising therapeutic avenue. Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) represent an emerging class of bifunctional molecules that exploit the ubiquitin-proteasome system to degrade specific target proteins. By concurrently...

Age-related deterioration of the sensorimotor system can impair proprioception. This study aimed to characterize age-related changes in the sense of position and movement. Three experiments involved two groups of participants (29 young adults and 26 older adults) to i) evaluate the performance in a position matching task (Experiment 1), ii) assess the perception and reproduction of an illusory movement evoked by proprioceptive stimulation (mechanical muscle-tendon vibration) (Experiment 2), and...

Aging is characterized by progressive physiological decline and increased vulnerability to metabolic and inflammatory disturbances. Palmijihwang-hwan (PM), a traditional East Asian herbal formula, has been used empirically for age-related complaints, but its mechanistic basis remains unclear. Here, we evaluated the effects of early-onset PM administration (starting at 2 months of age) on longevity-related phenotypes and metabolic regulation. PM significantly prolonged lifespan in Caenorhabditis...

Sperm aging impacts male fertility and offspring health, highlighting the need for reliable aging biomarkers to guide reproductive decisions. However, the molecular determinants of sperm fitness during aging remain ill-defined. Here, we profiled sperm small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) using PANDORA-seq, which overcomes RNA modification-induced detection bias to capture previously undetectable sncRNA species associated with mouse and human spermatozoa throughout the lifespan. We identified an...

CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that while aging is associated with some types of cognitive decline, it also fosters unique cognitive strengths that can enhance certain aspects of creativity. The findings of the current study underscore the need to reconsider stereotypes about aging and creativity and highlights the interplay of executive and associative processes in creative ideation.

CONCLUSIONS: Medication adherence among rural elderly with CDs remains suboptimal and is shaped by factors spanning individual, interpersonal, organizational, and community levels. Interventions should integrate these multilevel influences to strengthen adherence and chronic disease management in resource-limited rural settings.

The conserved Ess1 prolyl isomerase (PIN1 in human) binds the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA Pol II, and plays multiple roles in transcription regulation. Consistent with an essential role of the human PIN1 in telomere maintenance, previous screenings have identified the yeast Ess1 as a telomere length maintenance gene. Here, we provide evidence that Ess1 is involved in regulating both telomere transcription and replication. We find that depletion of Ess1 leads to a failure in...

Improvements in wildlife husbandry mean that many zoo animals are living longer. This has put pressure on the finite holding capacity of zoos, which has often been addressed through a curtailing of reproduction to reduce population growth rates. Here, we explore how such actions have impacted the demographic trends of 774 mammal populations in European and North American zoo populations between 1970 and 2023. Irrespective of whether the data are clustered by region, taxonomic group, conservation...

Progressive lung fibrosis is linked to aging-related dysfunction in fibroblasts, which remains poorly understood. To investigate the alterations in fibroblasts, particularly the molecular programs driving this profibrotic evolution in the aging lung, we isolated senescent lung fibroblasts from aged mice. We observed aberrant vimentin aggregates, which correlate with accelerated fibroblast senescence. CRISPR-based screening identified calumenin as a chaperone protein essential for vimentin...

Aging studies using animal and cellular models have uncovered key proteins and pathways central to organismal aging. However, these models differ genetically and physiologically from human aging, posing challenges in translating discoveries to human contexts. In this study, we present a human normal cell aging model based on the development of cytotrophoblasts (CTBs) to syncytiotrophoblasts (STBs) in the placenta. The in vitro-derived STBs from human trophoblast stem cells (hTSCs) recapitulate...