Aging & Longevity
Skilled Nursing Facility Population Characteristics and Length of Stay: A Prospective Cohort Study
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: We identify LOS predictors to aid in discharge planning and introduce the "healthy elder effect" hypothesis into literature.
Diabetes drug shows anti-ageing effects on chromsomes
No abstract
A blood-based DNA damage signature in patients with Parkinson's disease is associated with disease progression
Aging is the main risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), yet our understanding of how age-related mechanisms contribute to PD pathophysiology remains limited. We conducted a longitudinal analysis of blood samples from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative cohort to investigate DNA damage in PD. Patients with PD exhibited disrupted DNA repair pathways and biased suppression of longer transcripts, indicating age-related, transcription-stalling DNA damage. Notably, at the intake visit,...
A single-cell framework identifies functionally and molecularly distinct multipotent progenitors in adult human hematopoiesis
Hematopoietic multipotent progenitors (MPPs) regulate blood cell production to meet the evolving demands of an organism. Adult human MPPs remain ill defined, whereas mouse MPPs are well characterized, with distinct immunophenotypes and lineage potencies. Using multi-omic single-cell analyses and functional assays, we identified distinct human MPPs within Lin-CD34+CD38dim/lo adult bone marrow with unique biomolecular and functional properties. These populations were prospectively isolated based...
Bone health: Age-related changes in diaphyseal structural properties among European Holocene humans during the last 9000 years
Age-related deterioration in bone strength among Western humans has been linked with sedentary lifestyles, but the effect remains debatable. We evaluated aging of diaphyseal strength and cortical bone loss in a European Holocene sample of 1881 adult humeri, femora, and tibiae. Diaphyseal aging did not differ between Early and Late Holocene adults, despite their differences in physical activity. Adult diaphyseal aging was accompanied by the disproportionate rate between a faster increase in the...
The Role of Selection for Function in Aging and Chronic Diseases: A Novel Evolutionary Perspective
Aging, and by extension age-related diseases, has traditionally been understood through classical evolutionary genetic models, such as the mutation accumulation and antagonistic pleiotropy theories. However, these frameworks primarily focus on the declining efficacy of organismal-level selection against mutations with deleterious effects in late life. Here, we propose a novel hypothesis: many chronic diseases associated with aging may emerge, at least in part, as a result of selection acting at...
The association of thigh myosteatosis with lower cognitive function in older cancer survivors
INTRODUCTION: Cancer is associated with accelerated aging, including changes in muscle composition and cognition. However, the relationship between myosteatosis and cognitive function has not been investigated in older cancer survivors. This study evaluated the association between myosteatosis and cognitive function in this population.
Mitochondrial sirtuins sir-2.2 and sir-2.3 regulate lifespan in C. elegans
Mitochondrial sirtuins regulate metabolism and are emerging drug targets for metabolic and age-related diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegeneration. Yet, the extent of their functions remain unclear. Here, we uncover a physiological role for the C. elegans mitochondrial sirtuins, sir-2.2 and sir-2.3, in lifespan regulation. Using genetic alleles with deletions that destroy catalytic activity, we demonstrate that sir-2.2 and sir-2.3 mutants live an average of 25% longer than controls...
Age-related trajectories of quality of life in community dwelling older adults: findings from the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)
CONCLUSION: Our findings underscore the importance of individual-level analyses in aging research. While QoL may appear stable at the group level, individual trajectories vary considerably. This has important implications for the use of QoL as a primary endpoint in clinical trials, particularly in geriatric populations. Notably, age alone did not significantly influence QoL over time.
Pathophysiological insights and therapeutic developments in age-related hearing loss: a narrative review
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL), or presbycusis, is characterized by a progressive decline in binaural auditory sensitivity, particularly affecting high-frequency hearing and sound localization. The pathogenesis of ARHL is still unclear, correspondingly reflected in a lack of clinically effective intervention strategies. Recent advancements in audiology and neurobiology have illuminated the black box of the pathogenesis of ARHL. The intricate mechanisms underlying ARHL involve inflammation,...
SLC38A1 protects against aging-related oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in C2C12 myoblasts: Implication of a ferroptosis-related regulator for skeletal muscle aging
Ferroptosis has been implicated in skeletal muscle aging. Nevertheless, specific ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) governing skeletal muscle aging remain unclear. The aim of this study was to identify ferroptosis-related marker genes associated with skeletal muscle aging, uncovering potential therapeutic targets for skeletal muscle aging. Data from GSE38718 was utilized to identify differentially expressed FRGs (DE-FRGs) in aging versus normal human skeletal muscle by the least absolute shrinkage...
Newfound immune cell in mice hints at why inflammation spikes with old age
No abstract
Sex differences in brain glucose metabolism in alzheimer's disease: A voxel-based study
A growing body of evidence shows significant sex differences in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) epidemiology, clinical presentation, and pathology burden; however, sex differences in neuroimaging biomarkers remain underexplored, prompting recent calls to action for more targeted research in this field. We analyzed static brain positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with 2-[^(18)F] fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) from 247 elderly individuals with AD dementia, including 151 women and 96 men....
Epitalon increases telomere length in human cell lines through telomerase upregulation or ALT activity
Epitalon, a naturally occurring tetrapeptide, is known for its anti-aging effects on mammalian cells. This happens through the induction of telomerase enzyme activity, resulting in the extension of telomere length. A strong link exists between telomere length and aging-related diseases. Therefore, telomeres are considered to be one of the biomarkers of aging, and increasing or maintaining telomere length may contribute to healthy aging and longevity. Epitalon has been the subject of several...
In vivo growth trajectories of regional brain volumes in the Wistar rat
Normative, longitudinal data are necessary for effective modeling of factors underlying disease processes on the brain. Large scale national and international consortium data have characterized human regional brain volume trajectories as complex and prolonged gray and white matter maturation through the third decade of life followed by progressive senescence of cortical and then subcortical gray matter. By middle age (>40 years), white matter volume is also in decline. Although rodents are the...
Asparaginase and Autophagy Inhibitors Effectively Remove Senescent Cells by Synergistically Limiting Asparagine Supply
The accumulation of senescent cells (SNCs) contributes to tissue dysfunction and age-related diseases, creating an urgent need for effective senolytic strategies. We identified a metabolic vulnerability in SNCs characterized by marked downregulation of asparagine synthetase (ASNS), rendering them uniquely dependent on exogenous asparagine (Asn). This vulnerability was exploited through combined treatment with L-asparaginase (ASNase) and autophagy inhibitors, which synergistically deplete Asn via...
Dietary Citrate Restores Age-Related Endothelial Cell Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Alleviates Atherosclerosis
Vascular aging increases the susceptibility to cardio-cerebrovascular conditions, such as atherosclerotic diseases and hypertension, the leading causes of global disability and mortality. Dietary citrate extends the lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans as well as improves the memory of mice injured by a high-fat diet (HFD); whether it alleviates vascular aging and age-related vascular diseases; however, remains unknown. Here, we showed that dietary supplementation of...
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells as a reservoir for trained immunity
Human and murine studies reveal that innate immune cells are able to mount enhanced responses to pathogens after primary inflammatory exposure. Innate immune memory has been shown to last for months to years, longer than the lifespan of most innate immune cells. Indeed, long-lived hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) serve as a cellular reservoir for innate immune memory. In this review, we summarize the evidence that innate immune memory is epigenetically encoded in HSPCs, and we...
Neurocognitive and emotional benefits of choir singing and their mediating factors across adulthood
BACKGROUND: Our understanding on how cognitive and socioemotional well-being factors interact throughout adulthood has increased remarkably over the past decades, encouraging the use of cognitively engaging leisure activities, such as music, to promote healthy ageing. Choir singing has attracted particular interest in this regard with its established benefits on socioemotional well-being. Outside the clinical context, however, the cognitive and well-being effects induced by musical activities...
Cognitive frailty and cardiometabolic risk in middle-aged and older adults: evidence from the UK and China
CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive frailty is a consistent predictor of cardiometabolic risk across distinct populations, supporting integrated screening and prevention strategies targeting both cognitive and physical deficits in aging populations.
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