Aging & Longevity

Controlled settings may offer limited insight into the complexities of aging in natural and variable ecosystems. Artwork by Zahida Sultanova.

INTRODUCTION: Lifestyle factors are important predictors of successful aging, and targeted interventions could be key to mitigating the negative effects of aging. Episodic memory is of particular interest as it is notably sensitive to aging. Given the social, intellectual, and physical stimulation that choral singing provides, along with the enjoyment it offers which is a strong motivator, it has been suggested as a particularly promising intervention to promote successful aging.

INTRODUCTION: Cognitive decline advances with age, increasing the risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease among older adults. Medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) ketogenic diets have shown potential in slowing down age-related cognitive decline; however, the exact neuroprotective roles of MCT components, specifically decanoic acid and octanoic acid, remain unclear.

CONCLUSION: Our study reveals that PS in DLB is associated with specific deficits in attention and visuospatial/executive function, alongside more severe neuropsychiatric symptoms. These findings highlight the need for comprehensive management targeting both postural control and neuropsychiatric issues to alleviate caregiver burden. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to clarify the causal nature of these relationships.

Brain aging is accompanied by profound changes in neuroimmune interactions that shape the balance between resilience and vulnerability. Under healthy conditions, glial cells, neurons, vascular elements, and peripheral immune inputs cooperate to sustain homeostasis. With advancing age, however, immune remodeling and systemic inflammaging drive shifts in microglial surveillance, astrocytic reactivity, and neuronal susceptibility, creating conditions that compromise synaptic function and cognitive...

This review explores the anti-ageing potential of nine repurposed drugs: aspirin, atorvastatin, enalapril, metformin, canagliflozin, liraglutide, acarbose, N-acetylcysteine and dasatinib (commonly combined with quercetin). Specifically, it focuses on their mechanisms through the mechanistic target of rapamycin, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor kappa B and senescence-associated secretory phenotype pathways. The repurposed drugs show promise in extending healthspan...

In the brain, tryptophan byproducts are involved in the biosynthesis of proteins, energy-rich molecules (e.g., NAD^(+)), and neurotransmitters (serotonin and melatonin). Impaired tryptophan catabolism, seen in aging, neurodegeneration and psychiatric diseases, affects mood, learning, and sleep; however, the reasons for those impairments in the elderly and in those suffering from these ailments remain unknown. Our results from cellular, Drosophila melanogaster, and mouse models indicate that...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health issue, with podocyte injury with senescence playing a central role in glomerulosclerosis. This study investigates the link between glycolysis-derived serine metabolism and podocyte injury with senescence, focusing on the role of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) in the regulation of L-serine synthesis and podocyte homeostasis. Using in vivo and in vitro models, we examined the effects of angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced metabolic dysregulation on...

Aqueous zinc metal batteries often encounter uncontrollable failure or performance decay under thermal environments, primarily due to the severe side reactions caused by aqueous electrolytes. Here, an organic-inorganic-H(2)O multiphase aqueous soggy sand electrolyte is reported to enhance high-temperature performance of aqueous zinc metal batteries. Soggy sand components form strong interactions between the heterogeneous phases, reconstructing hydrogen-bond networks and forming water-deficient...

Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) is a highly dynamic process that varies across different times of the day within each individual. Although this variability was long considered to be noise, recent evidence suggests it may allow for an optimal adaptation to changes in the environment. However, the way rsFC is shaped on a circadian scale and its association with cognition are still unclear. We analyzed data from 90 late middle-aged participants from the Cognitive Fitness in Aging study...

CONCLUSIONS: Food insecurity affects 6 out of every 10 older adults in central Mexico, is associated with a lower QoL, and may contribute to nutritional deficits and reduced functional capacity. The association persists even after adjusting for socioeconomic and contextual vulnerabilities.

CONCLUSIONS: PA and NS significantly mediate the relationship between MH and QoL in older women. Promoting regular physical activity and balanced nutrition may improve overall quality of life. These findings highlight the need for integrated, lifestyle-based interventions in ageing health programmes.

We propose a latent space-based statistical network analysis (LatentSNA) method that implements network science in a generative Bayesian framework, preserves neurologically meaningful brain topology and improves statistical power for imaging biomarker detection. LatentSNA (1) addresses the lack of power and inflated type II errors in current analytic approaches when detecting imaging biomarkers, (2) allows unbiased estimation of the influence of biomarkers on behavioral variants, (3) quantifies...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder associated with dementia. Cellular senescence, widely acknowledged as a key hallmark of aging, has increasingly been recognized as a significant factor in the pathogenesis of AD, although the precise mechanisms underlying this relationship have yet to be fully understood. In the brains of individuals with AD, neurons, glial cells, and cerebrovascular endothelial cells exhibit premature senescence, characterized by...

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the central circadian pacemaker, orchestrates daily metabolic rhythms, yet its role in substrate selection and thermogenic adaptation under stress remains insufficiently understood. Here, we show that SCN lesioning abolishes the adaptive suppression of brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis typically observed during time-restricted feeding in subthermoneutral environments (TRF-STE), a paradigm that imposes concurrent nutrient and thermal stress. Contrary to...

Neuroimaging studies have shown that age-related dysregulation of the locus coeruleus-noradrenaline (LC-NA) system is associated with cognitive decline. However, due to limitations in directly measuring LC function in vivo, it remains unclear whether age-related alterations in humans reflect tonic LC-NA system hyper- or hypoactivity, constraining our understanding of underlying mechanisms and hampering the development of targeted preventative interventions. In this study, we acquired...

CONCLUSIONS: Different lifestyles were associated with different health risks in older adults. These lifestyle patterns, such as low physical activity and social participation, were associated with increased physical frailty and subjective cognitive decline. These findings suggest that latent class analysis may be useful for identifying lifestyle patterns that could inform the development of targeted interventions to promote healthy aging.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is linked to a higher risk of premature aging, but the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. Using data from two population cohorts (UK Biobank and Finnish Twin Cohort), we evaluate the relationship between systemic and organ-specific proteomic and epigenetic aging acceleration and MDD. A lifetime history of MDD was associated with accelerated proteomic aging at both systemic and organ-specific levels-including the brain-in both cohorts, with...

One of the most abundant cellular components of the normal adjacent tissue surrounding colorectal cancer is colonic epithelial cells (CECs); however, little is known about their interactions with tumor cells. Here we found that peritumoral CECs collaborate with cancer cells to orchestrate a pro-carcinogenic niche. In clinical cohort analyses, we show that growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) levels increase in normal adjacent tissue, in particular in CECs, at advanced disease and are...

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