Aging & Longevity
# Language processing characteristics in normal pressure hydrocephalus: insights from eye-tracking analysis of incorrect responses
INTRODUCTION: In patients with Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH), the aging process results in decreased efficiency of cerebrospinal fluid circulation, leading to ventricular enlargement. This enlargement compresses several brain structures, impairing functions such as visual perception, semantic memory processing, and phonological encoding contributing to language processing difficulties. This study examines real-time language processing in NPH patients and healthy elderly (HE) controls by...
The synergistic extract of <em>Zophobas atratus</em> and <em>Tenebrio molitor</em> regulates neuroplasticity and oxidative stress in a scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment model
INTRODUCTION: Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, arise from neuroinflammation, which leads to cognitive and memory impairment. Scopolamine is commonly used to induce cognitive and memory deficits in mouse models.
Bilateral neuromuscular adaptation to acute unilateral resistance exercise in healthy older adults
Resistance exercise (RE) enhances functionality in older adults and has proven effective as a means of cross-education in scenarios of unilateral disuse. However, the extent to which older adults demonstrate cross-limb transfer at the motor unit (MU) level following a single bout of unilateral RE is unclear. Thirteen healthy older adults (74.9 ± 4.8 years; 5 females) underwent bilateral neuromuscular assessments pre- and post- a single bout of unilateral RE consisting of sets of 12 repetitions...
Hedgehog-interacting protein orchestrates alveologenesis and protects against bronchopulmonary dysplasia and emphysema
Most of the lung's gas-exchange surface forms during alveologenesis and its disruption causes bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in infants, characterized by alveolar simplification and myofibroblast accumulation. BPD also increases the risk of adult emphysema, marked by alveolar loss. Despite this connection, mechanisms linking these conditions and effective treatments are still lacking. We identify hedgehog-interacting protein (HHIP), associated with both BPD and emphysema, as a critical...
Heat stress effects on the immune system of older adults: A systematic literature review
OBJECTIVES: We examined the evidence from experimental and cohort studies concerning the associations between heat stress and immune vulnerability in older adults.
Optimizing elderly care: A data-driven AI model for predicting polypharmacy risk in the elderly using SHARE data
BACKGROUND: Aging is frequently accompanied by multimorbidity, the presence of multiple chronic conditions, which contributes to declines in both cognitive and physical function and presents complex health challenges. One such challenge is Polypharmacy (PP), defined as the concurrent use of more than five medications.
Adaptations to marine environments and the evolution of slow-paced life histories in endotherms
All organisms face a certain risk of dying before reproducing, putting strong pressure on individuals to reproduce as early as possible. Despite this, some organisms delay maturity, defer reproduction, and age slowly. The evolution of such slow-paced life is classically attributed to allometric effects and reduced extrinsic mortality, but might also result from the invasion of challenging environments requiring adaptations that boost adult survival yet impose substantial energetic and...
PLA2G15 is a BMP hydrolase and its targeting ameliorates lysosomal disease
Lysosomes catabolize lipids and other biological molecules, maintaining cellular and organismal homeostasis. Bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP), a major lipid constituent of intralysosomal vesicles, stimulates lipid-degrading enzymes and is altered in various human conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases^(1,2). Although lysosomal BMP synthase was recently discovered³, the enzymes mediating BMP turnover remain elusive. Here we show that lysosomal phospholipase PLA2G15 is a physiological...
A population-based analysis of the molecular landscape of glioma in adolescents and young adults reveals insights into gliomagenesis
Gliomas are a major cause of cancer-related deaths in adolescents and young adults (AYAs; ages 15-39 years). Different molecular alterations drive gliomas in children and adults, leading to distinct biology and clinical consequences, but the implications of pediatric- versus adult-type alterations in AYAs are unknown. Our population-based analysis of 1,456 clinically and molecularly characterized gliomas in patients aged 0-39 years addresses this gap. Pediatric-type alterations were found in 31%...
Towards Precision Geromedicine in Singapore
Since the discovery that ageing is a modifiable process in animal models, significant advancements in geroscience have led to the emergence of the field of Precision Geromedicine, which aims to optimise health and healthspan by targeting ageing-related processes. Ageing-related diseases (ARDs), accounting for 80% of Singapore's disease burden in 2019, are on the rise as the nation approaches the "super-aged" status by 2030. In response, Singapore is reshaping its healthcare system to focus on...
Volunteering as a Modifiable Determinant of Depression in Older Adults: Comments on the LongROAD Study
No abstract
The association between statins and gait speed reserve in older adults: effects of concomitant medication
Statins are frequently prescribed to older adults, yet their effects on ageing phenotypes such as frailty or physiological reserves remain poorly understood. Gait Speed Reserve (GSR), defined as the difference between maximal and usual gait speeds, serves as an indicator of physiological reserve, reflecting the body's ability to perform beyond baseline functional levels. Polypharmacy, prevalent in this population, may contribute to inconsistent findings through interactions between statins and...
Calorie-restriction treatment mitigates the aging in rat liver model
The aging process promotes progressive impairment of homeostasis and the increase of the risk of disease and death. A major hallmark of the aging process is the systemic chronic inflammation which strongly contributes to the onset of aging-related diseases. In the liver, the aging condition drives the hepatocytes to develop a metabolic dysfunction-associated steatosis. Caloric restriction (CR) is a remarkable strategy to delay biological aging, occurring through several mechanisms. In this study...
Urban health inequities and healthy longevity: traditional and emerging risk factors across the cities and policy implications
Urbanization is reshaping global health, with over 55% of the world's population residing in urban areas, a figure projected to reach 68% by 2050. This demographic shift presents significant challenges and opportunities for public health, as urban environments exacerbate health disparities rooted in social determinants of health, such as economic stability, education, neighborhood conditions, and access to healthcare. Rapid urban growth, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, has led...
Editing Geriatric Medicine Journals: Perspectives From the Editors-in-Chief of Age and Ageing, European Geriatric Medicine and the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
This article has been simultaneously published in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The American Geriatrics Society), Age and Ageing (published by Oxford University Press on behalf of British Geriatrics Society), and European Geriatric Medicine (published by Springer on behalf of European Geriatric Medicine Society). All rights reserved. The articles are identical except for minor stylistic and spelling differences in keeping with each...
Phylogenetic divergence of GABA<sub>B</sub> receptor signaling in neocortical networks over adult life
Cortical circuit activity is controlled by GABA-mediated inhibition in a spatiotemporally restricted manner. GABA(B) receptor (GABA(B)R) signalling exerts powerful slow inhibition that controls synaptic, dendritic and neuronal activity. But, how GABA(B)Rs contribute to circuit-level inhibition over the lifespan of rodents and humans is poorly understood. In this study, we quantitatively determined the functional contribution of GABA(B)R signalling to pre- and postsynaptic domains in rat and...
Impaired ketogenesis in Leydig Cells drives testicular aging
Testicular aging commonly leads to testosterone deficiency and impaired spermatogenesis, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show that Leydig cells are particularly vulnerable to aging processes in testis. Single-cell RNA sequencing identifies the expression of Hmgcs2, the gene encoding rate-limiting enzyme of ketogenesis, decreases significantly in Leydig cells from aged mice. Additionally, the concentrations of ketone bodies β-hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid in...
Author Correction: Targeting senescent hepatocytes for treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and multi-organ dysfunction
No abstract
How extreme rainfall and failing dams unleashed the Derna flood disaster
On September 11, 2023, Storm Daniel unleashed unprecedented rainfall over the Wadi Derna watershed, triggering one of the most devastating floods in modern history, striking Derna, a coastal city in Libya. This study reconstructs the disaster using an integrated modeling approach that combines satellite imagery, hydrologic, hydraulic, and geotechnical simulations, machine learning, eyewitness accounts, and digital elevation data to assess the impact of cascading dam failures. Our findings reveal...
The global prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in geriatric population with emphasis on influential factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
CONCLUSION: According to the relatively high prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in geriatric population, determination of proper health strategies seems necessary for diagnosis and treatment of mild cognitive impairment along with awareness and management of associated consequences in geriatric population.
Aging and Longevity: Latest results from PubMed
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