Aging & Longevity

N6-methyladenosine (m⁶A) is the most prevalent RNA modification and plays diverse roles in mammalian cells. However, its significance in human trophoblast lineage commitment and placenta development remains poorly understood. Here we show that METTL3, the primary enzyme responsible for m⁶A depositions, specifically marks cytotrophoblasts in human placenta, and exhibits defective expression in cytotrophoblasts from preeclampsia patients. Through in-depth in vitro investigation, we identify...

Battery health often evolves from an initial regime of slow capacity decay to a fast decay regime, due to catastrophic electrochemical reactions to cause the battery failure. The signals of such failure, however, often emerge much earlier during cycling, an early detection of which may help prevent the failure through real-time adjustment of cycling procedures. Here we demonstrate the integration of machine learning module directly into electrochemical battery test stations to constantly detect...

Senescent cells, characterized by a state of irreversible proliferative arrest and inflammatory profile, have emerged as drivers of age-related decline. Growing evidence suggests that alterations in mitochondrial function and morphology play a key role in the induction and maintenance of senescence, as well as in promotion of the proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). In this review, we seek to survey the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and senescence,...

Single-cell multiomics provides critical insights into how disease-associated variants identified through genome-wide association studies (GWASs) influence transcription factor eRegulons within a specific cellular context; however, the regulatory roles of genetic variants in aging and disease remain unclear. Here, we present scMORE, a method that integrates single-cell transcriptomes and chromatin accessibility with GWAS summary statistics to identify cell-type-specific eRegulons associated with...

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CONCLUSIONS: Cumulative risks during the COVID-19 pandemic escalated, with pandemic responses such as lockdowns increasing the adverse effects of social isolation and loneliness on positive affect of very old adults. Our pooled-multi-sample design allows a quantitative investigation of an understudied population, offering researchers new insights and an empirical strategy to utilize.

CONCLUSIONS: Incident diabetes was associated with accelerated progression of frailty in older adults, particularly in the domain of instrumental activities of daily living. Regular functional assessments and targeted interventions following diabetes diagnosis was important, especially for high-risk subgroups including the oldest-old, unmarried individuals, and those with lower BMI.

Brain aging can cause cognitive and motor disabilities which often correlate with changes in dendritic branch, axon collateral, and synapse numbers. However, from invertebrates to mammals, age-related decline is typically restricted to specific neuron types or brain parts, indicating differential vulnerability. The rules to pinpoint the susceptibility of distinct brain elements to aging remain largely unknown. Here, we combine longitudinal studies with neuroanatomical, electrophysiological, and...

Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (ZJ) is a traditional medicinal plant known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties, yet its role in learning and cognitive regulation remains insufficiently explored. Huang Jing (Polygonatum sibiricum), a Qi- and Yin-tonifying herb in Traditional Chinese Medicine, has historically been used to combat fatigue, support brain function, delay aging, and regulate metabolic balance. In this study, we evaluated the neuroprotective and antioxidant...

CONCLUSION: Cardiometabolic risk factors play a significant role in late-life cognitive decline and death among older Indians. These longitudinal relationships from LASI-DAD highlight potentially modifiable risk factors and inform potential prevention policies.

CONCLUSIONS: Higher prevalence of clinically relevant depression in certain groups and increased risk possibly reflect unfavorable socioeconomic changes that occurred for the elderly population in Poland in the analyzed period.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming geriatric healthcare by improving early disease detection, optimizing patient management, and enhancing clinical decision-making. AI-driven tools, including machine learning (ML) algorithms, predictive analytics, and assistive robotics, are increasingly utilized to address challenges associated with aging, such as frailty, multimorbidity, polypharmacy, and fall prevention. These technologies can facilitate personalized medicine, improve diagnostic...

This scoping review provides key trends in the use of the Delphi method applied to geriatrics and gerontology research, and documents key information that can be used in the planning of future Delphi studies, like recruitment rates, number of Delphi rounds and panelists, attrition, consensus definitions, and stakeholders engaged.

Worldwide, the population is aging. Most older adults would prefer not to move from their current residence; however, there are human resource challenges in home care service provision. Smart home technology has evolved over the past decades and could provide an adjunct to home care and potentially delay moving to a higher level of care. This paper provides an overview of supportive smart home technology, which expands smart home technology to enable feedback and action based on daily...

CONCLUSION: Twelve weeks of ST, but not PT, significantly increased circulating sαKL levels in pre-frail older adults. Given the beneficial health effects of increased sαKL, these findings suggest that ST may offer additional biological advantages relevant to healthy aging. sαKL may serve as a promising biomarker for training-induced adaptions, but prospective trials are needed to confirm long-term effects and further clarify underlying mechanisms.

Multimorbidity elevates late-life mortality, yet existing tools remain complex. Using two nationally representative Chinese cohorts-the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity and Happiness Family Study (CLHLS-HF; n = 8675) and the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, n = 4171)-we developed and externally validated a simplified, time-dependent, interpretable survival model. A four-stage feature-selection pipeline (univariate Cox, L1-penalized Cox, multi-model importance with...

Senescent cells secrete proinflammatory factors known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), contributing to tissue dysfunction and aging. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key feature of senescence, influencing SASP via mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release and cGAS/STING pathway activation. Here, we demonstrate that mitochondrial RNA (mtRNA) also accumulates in the cytosol of senescent cells, activating RNA sensors RIG-I and MDA5, leading to MAVS aggregation and SASP induction....

Despite systemic viral suppression, people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) remain highly susceptible to pneumococcal colonisation and disease. Here, we show that long-term ART does not restore nasal mucosal immunity. Using flow cytometry, single-cell transcriptomics, and neutrophil functional assays, we identify a persistent mucosal immune signature in PLHIV-ART > 1 yr marked by epithelial-driven neutrophilic inflammation, T cell exhaustion, and cellular senescence....

CONCLUSIONS: Older adult's functional limitations and negative generalization of ageing may have prevented them from actively seeking health information and health-promoting behaviors. To enhance the intervention's effectiveness, the health education contents should be customized based on their health needs, functional capabilities, and readiness to change health behaviors.

We aimed to develop and validate a urinary miRNA aging clock, positioning urine as a scalable, non-invasive aging-biomarker source. Using machine learning on 6331 adults, our clock achieved MAE ≈ 4.4 years (R² ≈ 0.79) in independent validation. The clock's key biomarkers included well-established geromiRs miR-34a-5p, miR-31-5p, miR-146a-5p, and miR-155-5p. While slightly less accurate than DNA-methylation clocks, our model outperformed blood-based miRNA and mRNA clocks, underscoring urinary...