Aging & Longevity

Non-lethal exposure to mitochondrial stress has been shown to have beneficial effects due to activation of signaling pathways, including the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR^(mt)). Activation of UPR^(mt) restores the function of the mitochondria and improves general health and longevity in multiple model systems, termed mitohormesis. In C. elegans, mitohormesis can be accomplished by electron transport chain inhibition, a decline in mitochondrial translation, decreased mitochondrial...

Ageing is a complex biological process driven, in part, by inflammaging. Recent research identifies the ectodysplasin A2 receptor (EDA2R) as a key regulator of inflammaging and a novel biomarker of ageing, with its expression increasing with age across diverse tissues in humans and animal models. Elevated EDA2R gene expression is associated with accelerated ageing, cellular senescence, frailty, obesity, acne, radiation response and increased levels of inflammatory, renal, cardiac and vascular...

CONCLUSION: HLS induced segment-specific changes in the aged intestine, with atrophic and inflammatory alterations in the ileum and increased markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in the colon. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to preserve gastrointestinal health in immobilized elderly patients.

Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) metabolism is independently regulated in different compartments in endothelial cells (EC). The metabolic profile and functional impact of NADPH during EC senescence remain largely unknown. Using a genetically encoded fluorescent indicator, we find that cytosolic, but not mitochondrial, NADPH level increases during EC senescence. Upregulation of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) further elevates cytosolic NADPH level during EC...

Biomass-derived recyclable materials that can replace petrochemical-derived plastics are highly sought for a sustainable future. However, incumbent materials often face performance deterioration challenges owing to the aging issues after use in the environment. Here, we present a self-reinforcing, recyclable, unprecedented polyester material derived entirely from biomass lignin and soybeans, mimicking the self-reinforcement mechanism of biological systems. Our material leverages a [2 +...

Prevention of Alzheimer disease (AD) is a medical challenge owing to its complex pathogenesis, which involves amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau aggregation, neuroinflammation and progressive neurodegeneration. Development of disease-specific biomarkers has transformed our ability to detect AD pathology early, enabling more accurate diagnosis, monitoring and the development of targeted disease-modifying therapies. Consequently, primary and secondary prevention of AD have become feasible goals. In this...

Female reproductive aging is accompanied by a sharp increase in egg aneuploidy rates. Premature loss of chromosome cohesion proteins and early separation of chromosomes are thought to cause high aneuploidy rates during maternal aging. However, because cohesion loss occurs gradually throughout a woman's reproductive lifespan, and because cytoskeletal defects alone can lead to chromosomal abnormalities, the main causes of the rapid rise in aneuploidy at older reproductive ages are still unclear....

Aging is a dynamic process across a dog's lifespan, with age-related changes impacting how dogs function in their companion and working roles. However, the impact of aging on key sensory modalities, such as olfaction, is not well understood. The current study aimed to characterize age-related changes in canine olfactory abilities via an adaptation of the Natural Detection Task. Data were collected on 65 dogs aged 5 years or older, with 44 dogs completing all components of the task. We found...

CONCLUSIONS: The 12-week web-based aerobic dance exercise program selectively improved walking speed, suggesting its potential to enhance a specific aspect of locomotor function in older adults. Given their accessibility and scalability, web-based interventions may help in promoting functional independence and healthy aging. Future research should explore the long-term effects and optimize the program to maximize its impact.

CONCLUSION: Our findings highlight the influence of neuroanatomical aging and WMH burden on post-stroke language deficits, supporting the consideration of both brain-PAD and WMH severity when assessing aphasia severity to inform clinical assessment and treatment planning.

CONCLUSION: Regular physical activity may enhance cognitive adaptability and selective inhibition in older adults. Behavioral improvements were more evident than neural differences between the groups, highlighting the potential of everyday physical activity to support cognitive resilience in aging. This study provides neurophysiological evidence supporting the integration of physical activity into cognitive intervention strategies for older populations.

INTRODUCTION: The concept of cognitive resilience (CR) has emerged to explain the lack of correlation between the extent of brain lesions and the severity of cognitive symptoms in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Age-related functional decline has emerged as a major challenge to human health and societal development. Safe and effective anti-aging interventions, particularly those involving natural products, offer promising strategies to delay aging and promote healthy longevity. In this study, we used Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) models to investigate the anti-aging effects and underlying mechanisms of Liu Jun Zi Decoction (LJZD), a traditional Chinese herbal formula. The results showed that LJZD...

CONCLUSION: Our findings show that OliFuco is a promising nutritional intervention for mitigating sarcopenia by preserving muscle mass and function in aging populations, offering a novel strategy to address age-related muscle decline.

BACKGROUND: Antinutritional factors (antinutrients) are bioactive compounds in plant-derived foods that can impair nutrient absorption and reduce the bioavailability of proteins, carbohydrates, and essential minerals. Major representatives include phytates, oxalates, lectins, tannins, saponins, and enzyme inhibitors, which have been associated with adverse nutritional outcomes through interference with nutrient uptake.

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among older adults in China, exerting a substantial influence on their quality of life and life expectancy. The country’s ageing population is predicted to intensify this burden, underscoring the need for the development of innovative and effective management strategies.

Cellular and molecular mechanisms that drive a perturbed wound microenvironment and impaired healing in aged skin have not been fully delineated. To obtain a comprehensive understanding of cell-intrinsic changes acquired during ageing that impact early responses to injury, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing in young and aged intact female murine skin and wounds 3 days post-injury. We observed that substantial changes in the mean proportional distribution and transcriptomic state of skin...

The aim of this study was to investigate, validate and apply Machine Learning (ML) algorithms to predict functional disability in elderly individuals using data from ELSI-Brazil. Furthermore, it sought to map the performance of the models and identify key multidimensional variables-encompassing sociodemographic and economic aspects, health status, behaviors, mental health and access to services-that could serve as early risk indicators and, based on the selected model, understand which...

As humans age, the aorta stiffens, diminishing its essential shock absorber function. This increased stiffness transmits higher pressures to downstream vessels in the kidney, brain, and heart, contributing to hypertension and end-organ damage. Although multiple mechanisms involving extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) contributions to aortic stiffness have been described, additional molecular players likely remain uncharacterized. Dystrophin (DYS) and the...

Arterial stiffness, measured using pulse-wave velocity (PWV), is linked to an increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia, yet the underlying structural brain mechanisms remain unclear. This study examined whether PWV is linked to cortical thickness of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a region essential for cognitive functioning. 124 older adults aged > 50 years with new-onset cognitive concerns without history of stroke or dementia underwent carotid-femoral PWV, magnetic resonance imaging...