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Evolution of thumbnails across Rodentia

3 months 1 week ago
Science, Volume 389, Issue 6764, Page 1049-1053, September 2025.
Rafaela V. Missagia, Anderson Feijó, Lauren Johnson, Maximilian L. Allen, Bruce D. Patterson, Paulina D. Jenkins, Gordon M. G. Shepherd

Innate immune sensing of Z-nucleic acids by ZBP1-RIPK1 axis drives neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease

3 months 1 week ago
Neuroinflammation drives Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Z-DNA, a non-canonical left-handed DNA structure, activates innate immune signaling through Z-DNA-binding protein 1 (ZBP1). However, the functional significance of ZBP1-mediated Z-DNA detection in AD remains undefined. Here, we found that ZBP1 is amplified in AD microglia, driving innate immune responses and neuroinflammation through sensing Z-form mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). We show that oxidized mtDNA, generated by amyloid-β...
Ziwen Song

Tailoring the biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease using a gut microbiome-centric approach: Preclinical, clinical, and regulatory perspectives

3 months 1 week ago
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, poses significant therapeutic challenges due to its complex etiology and limited treatment options. Traditional pharmacotherapies targeting amyloid-β (Aβ) and cholinergic pathways offer modest benefits and are often associated with adverse effects. Emerging evidence implicates gut dysbiosis and the gut-brain axis in the pathogenesis and progression of AD. This review explores the multifactorial pathophysiology of AD and...
Siya Sharma

From adaptive deep brain stimulation to adaptive circuit targeting

3 months 1 week ago
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) substantially improves motor symptoms and quality of life in people with movement disorders such as Parkinson disease and dystonia, and it is also being explored as a treatment option for other brain disorders, including treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder, Alzheimer disease and depression. Two major developments are currently driving progress in DBS research: first, the framework of adaptive DBS, which senses brain activity to infer the momentary state...
Andreas Horn

Biomarker-related phospho-tau217 appears in synapses around Abeta plaques prior to tau tangle in cerebral cortex of preclinical Alzheimer's disease

3 months 1 week ago
Phospho-tau protein p-tau181 is a cerebrospinal fluid biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD), while p-tau217 is the most sensitive plasma biomarker for cerebral amyloid β (Aβ) load prior to tau pathology in preclinical AD. Diagnostic and prognostic use of these p-tau biomarkers requires neuropathological interpretation. Here, we analyzed the cellular localization of biomarker p-tau species in postmortem human brains harboring different extents of Aβ plaque and tau pathology. Signals for p-tau217...
Yu Hirota

TREM2 mediates parkinsonism-like neurodegeneration in carbon disulfide-induced neurotoxicity

3 months 1 week ago
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons and aggregation of α-Synuclein (α-Syn). While both genetic and environmental factors are implicated in PD pathogenesis, the mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration induced by environmental toxins and associated genetic responses remain largely unknown. Recently, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) has been proven to be a critical mediator of toxin-induced motor...
Liu Zhidan