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Anisotropy reveals contact sliding and aging as a cause of post-seismic velocity changes

2 months ago
Rocks exhibit astonishing time-dependent mechanical properties, like memory of experienced stress or slow dynamics, a transient recovery of stiffness after a softening induced by almost any type of loading. This softening and transient recovery is observed in the subsurface and in buildings after earthquakes, or in laboratory samples. Here, we investigate the anisotropy of nonlinear elastic effects in a sandstone sample under uniaxial loading. We report that slow dynamics is observed...
Manuel Asnar

Alpha-synuclein abundance and localization are regulated by the RNA-binding protein PUMILIO1

2 months ago
The protein α-synuclein, encoded by SNCA, accumulates in Parkinson's disease (PD) and other synucleinopathies for reasons that remain unclear. Here, we investigated whether SNCA is regulated in vivo by the RNA-binding protein PUM1. We establish that PUM1 binds to SNCA's 3' UTR in mouse and human cells. In induced neurons from patients with SNCA locus triplication, PUM1 mRNA levels are lower than in healthy controls, but increasing PUM1 normalizes both SNCA mRNA and α-synuclein protein levels,...
Maximilian Cabaj

Mineralogical controls of the oceanic nickel cycle

2 months ago
Transition metals and their isotopes are promising paleo-productivity proxies, but their utility depends on understanding their cycling between sediment and seawater. Using nickel (Ni) as an example, we show how manganese (Mn) minerals control its isotopic composition in oxic marine sediments. By analysing synthetic and natural samples, and simulating sediment diagenesis, we find that most Ni isotope variability in modern Mn-rich sediments is driven by the relative contribution of two bonding...
Lena Chen

Quantitative assessment of asymptomatic spinal cord compression using MRI: a multi-center study

2 months ago
Aging is associated with an increased risk of neurodegenerative conditions, including degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM), a leading cause of neurological disability in older adults. Asymptomatic spinal cord compression (ASCC) represents a potential precursor to DCM, characterized by spinal cord compression in individuals without overt clinical symptoms. Early identification and quantification of ASCC are critical for preventing age-related neurological decline. However, a standardized...
Ali F Khan

Frailty phenotype state transitions among older adults with a history of cancer and diabetes

2 months ago
CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes and cancer were both associated with an increased frailty prevalence; however, only older adults with diabetes or cooccurring diabetes and cancer had an increased 9-year incidence of frailty relative to older adults without a history of either condition. Future research should explore the underlying mechanisms driving frailty state transitions among chronic disease populations and evaluate targeted interventions to mitigate frailty progression.
Anna G Kuzma

T-CLASS: An Online Tool for the Identification and Classification of Aging and Senescence Using Transcriptome Data

2 months ago
Transcriptome analysis has become increasingly utilized in aging research. However, the identification of the key molecular changes underlying aging processes and longevity-promoting regimens from transcriptome data remains challenging. Here, we present Transcriptomic CLassification via Adaptive learning of Signature States (T-CLASS), an online tool that identifies, from transcriptome data, gene sets of several hundred genes that provide an optimal representation of longevity and aging...
Seung-Chul J Lee

Biobank-scale genetic characterization of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias across diverse ancestries

2 months ago
Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRDs) pose a significant global public health challenge. To effectively implement personalized therapeutic interventions on a global scale, it is essential to identify disease-causing, risk, and resilience factors across diverse ancestral backgrounds. This study leveraged biobank-scale data to conduct a large multi-ancestry whole-genome sequencing characterization of AD/ADRDs. We thoroughly explored the role of protein-coding and splicing variants...
Marzieh Khani