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Aging is the greatest risk factor for learning and memory disorders; dementia prevalence significantly increases with age due to numerous molecular changes in the body. Although research has consistently shown that aging leads to learning and memory impairments, the molecular mechanisms linking aging to these cognitive deficits remain incompletely understood. Previous studies have revealed that complement C3 levels increase with age in humans, monkeys, and mice; elevated C3 expression is also...

This study investigates the impact of dietary restriction (DR) on gene expression in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) derived from aged mice. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data were obtained from sorted HSCs, followed by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and key transcriptional modules. Principal component analysis (PCA) and heatmaps revealed significant differences between the groups, highlighting a predominant upregulation of gene...

Few studies have comprehensively measured the changes in cognition occurring in the years before and after the onset of specific respiratory disease type, which could help tailor the timing and design of future intervention strategies. Here we aimed to explore the temporal pattern of cognitive change before and after incident COPD and asthma. Data from wave 1 to wave 9 (2002-2018) of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing were used. Global cognition, assessed by orientation, memory, and...

Developing lenacapavir, the drug newly approved to protect against HIV for six months in one shot, took basic science, sophisticated chemistry, and perseverance

Where city dwellers see rectangles, people who live in round huts see circles

Plasma circulating cell-free nucleic acids (ccfNAs) provide an exceptional source of information about an individual's health, yet their biology in healthy individuals during aging remains poorly understood. Here, we present the first integrative multiparametric analysis of the major types of plasma ccfNAs, including nuclear (ccfnDNA) and mitochondrial (ccfmtDNA) DNA, as well as ribosomal (ccfrRNA), messenger (ccfmRNA) and micro-RNA (ccfmiRNA) in 139 healthy donors aged 19-66 years. We focused...

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. As an age-related disease, its pathogenesis is shaped by several molecular hallmarks of aging, including impaired DNA repair and diminished stress resilience. The transcription factor NRF2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is a master regulator of oxidative stress defense and cellular survival. While NRF2 activation is protective in aging tissues, it may also be exploited by cancer cells to promote tumor...