Aging & Longevity

No abstract

Frailty is an age-related geriatric syndrome. We performed a longitudinal study of aging female (n = 40) and male (n = 47) C57BL/6NIA mice, measured frailty index and derived metabolomics data from plasma. We identify age-related differentially abundant metabolites, determine frailty-related metabolites, and generate frailty features, both in the whole cohort and sex-stratified subgroups. Using the features, we perform an association study and build a metabolomics-based frailty clock. We find...

Recent research underscores the crucial role of hormone regulation in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and the therapeutic promise of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GH-RH) antagonists. BPH incidence in aging men doubled over three decades, driven by prostatic enlargement and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Aging-related changes in GH-RH and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) biology promote BPH through hormonal and inflammatory processes. Traditional therapies provide...

We show that T cells in survivors of childhood leukemia exhibit distinct profiles dominated by aging-associated changes and consistent with premature immune aging. Immune profiles during survivorship in biospecimens (n = 251) from uniformly-treated children with B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia recapitulate heterogeneity at diagnosis in individual patients and correlate with genetic-risk subtypes. These data suggest that pre-therapy immune aging may determine variance in immune status during...

Sensory impairments are common with aging, but studies examining the relationships of these impairments with DNA methylation-based biomarkers of aging, strong predictors of morbidity and mortality, remain sparse. We investigated whether subjective measures of sensory impairment are associated with epigenetic age biomarkers. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis in a representative sample of 2344 U.S. adults from the 1999-2000 and 2001-2002 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition...

The aim of this study is to explore the differences in cortical activation and gait performance during turning walking under cognitive dual-task conditions between young and older adults during cognitive-turning dual task walking, as well as variations in brain functional connectivity in this context. Seventeen young adults and seventeen older adults were included in the study. All participants completed two tasks: a figure-eight turning walk (single-task, ST) and a figure-eight turning walking...

Despite not proliferating, senescent cells remain metabolically active to maintain the senescence program. However, the mechanisms behind this metabolic reprogramming are not well understood. We identify senescence-induced long noncoding RNA (sin-lncRNA), a previously uncharacterized long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), a key player in this response. While strongly activated in senescence by C/EBPβ, sin-lncRNA loss reinforces the senescence program by altering oxidative phosphorylation and rewiring...

Aging is a complex biological process that detrimentally affects the brain and cerebrovascular system, contributing to the pathogenesis of age-related diseases like vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). While cell-autonomous mechanisms that occur within cells, independent of external signals from neighboring cells or systemic factors, account for some aspects of aging, they cannot explain the entire aging process. Non-autonomous, paracrine and endocrine,...

CONCLUSION: This study reveals the complex relationship between cognitive function, internet use, and physical activity in older adults, and provides new perspectives for interventions aimed at improving cognitive health in older adults. Future research should further explore the dynamic changes between these variables to develop more effective intervention strategies and improve cognitive health and well-being in older adults.

Preservation of synapses is crucial for healthy cognitive ageing, and synapse loss is one of the closest anatomical correlates of cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and frontotemporal dementia. In these conditions, some synapses seem particularly vulnerable to degeneration whereas others are resilient and remain preserved. Evidence has highlighted that vulnerability and resilience are intrinsically distinct phenomena linked to specific brain structural and/or...

No abstract

DNA methylation clocks have been widely used for accurate age prediction, but most studies have been carried out on mammals. Here we present an epigenetic clock for the aquatic frog Xenopus tropicalis, a widely used model organism in developmental biology and genomics. To construct the clock, we collected DNA methylation data from 192 frogs using targeted bisulfite sequencing at genomic regions containing CpG sites previously shown to have age-associated methylation in Xenopus. We found highly...

Aging results in a progressive decline in physiological function due to the deterioration of essential biological processes. While proteomics offers insights into aging mechanisms, prior studies are limited in proteome coverage and lifespan range. To address this, we integrate the Orbitrap Astral Mass Spectrometer with the multiplex tandem mass tag (TMT) technology to profile the proteomes of cortex, hippocampus, striatum and kidney in the C57BL/6JN mice, quantifying 8,954 to 9,376 proteins per...

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Paraneoplastic syndrome represents severe and complex systemic clinical symptoms manifesting in multiple organs of cancer patients, but its cause and cellular underpinnings remain little explored. In this study, establishing a Drosophila model of paraneoplastic syndrome triggered by tumor transplantation, we found that the innate immune response, initiated by translocated commensal bacteria from a compromised intestine, significantly contributes to reduced lifespan in tumor-bearing hosts. Our...

Aging is the major risk factor for neurodegeneration and is associated with structural and functional alterations in white matter. Myelin is particularly vulnerable to aging, resulting in white matter-associated microglia activation. Here we used pharmacological and genetic approaches to investigate microglial functions related to aging-associated changes in myelinated axons of mice. Our results reveal that maladaptive microglia activation promotes the accumulation of harmful CD8^(+) T cells,...

CONCLUSIONS: This study provides new insights into the associations between specific IADL activities and cognitive function domains among Chinese older adults. Concentrate on monitoring limitations related to "Use public transit," "Make food" and "Walk 1 km," and promoting broader life-space mobility may be beneficial to preventing the decline of cognitive function. The findings underscore the importance of targeting interventions not only by specific cognitive domains, but also potentially by...

Stiffening of the aorta is a key antecedent to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) with aging. Age-related aortic stiffening is driven, in part, by cellular senescence-a hallmark of aging defined primarily by irreversible cell cycle arrest. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC), an endogenous cholesterol metabolite, as a naturally occurring senolytic to reverse vascular cell senescence and reduce aortic stiffness in old mice. Old (22-26 months) p16-3MR mice, a...

Changes to improve waiver access to adults aging solo.

Few animals have the cognitive faculties or prehensile abilities needed to eliminate tooth-damaging grit from food surfaces. Some populations of monkeys wash sand from foods when standing water is readily accessible, but this propensity varies within groups for reasons unknown. Spontaneous food-washing emerged recently in a group of long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) inhabiting Koram Island, Thailand, and it motivated us to explore the factors that drive individual variability. We...