Aging & Longevity

CONCLUSION: Aging is associated with simplified muscle synergies and strengthened coactivation, which helps preserve stability under cognitive load but elevates energetic cost. These findings demonstrate that cognitive interference strengthens the coupling between neuromuscular organization and energetic expenditure, identifying synergy entropy and dual-task energy cost as potential targets for monitoring and improving mobility in older adults.

Aging is frequently associated with a progressive loss of physiological integrity, with immunosenescence and chronic inflammation playing pivotal roles in this process. While natural compounds like Dihydromyricetin (DHM) exhibit significant anti-aging potential, its precise upstream immunomodulatory targets and cross-species conservation remain largely elusive. Through a combination of transcriptomic analyses and cross-species assays, we demonstrated that DHM systematically downregulates basal...

As the population ages, the issue of falls among the elderly is becoming increasingly prominent, and balance dysfunction is one of the main risk factors for falls. Accurately assessing balance function in older adults and elucidating its underlying neural mechanisms holds significant clinical importance for predicting fall risk and developing personalized interventions. In recent years, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), as a non-invasive brain imaging technology, has demonstrated...

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is essential for maintaining intracellular protein homeostasis, and growing evidence indicates that its dysregulation critically contributes to the onset and progression of various CVDs, particularly in the context of aging. Among these, ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) have emerged as promising therapeutic targets, but their precise roles and regulatory mechanisms...

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) describes the proliferation of blood cell clones that carry driver mutations, such as DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (DNMT3A), ten-eleven translocation 2 (TET2), additional sex combs like 1 (ASXL1), and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), without leading to any obvious malignancy. Its occurrence rate is age-related and associated with cardiovascular and immune aging. In prospective cohort studies, CHIP substantially elevated the risk of myocardial...

Magma convection is a mechanism that greatly enhances heat transfer from mobilizable, crystal-poor magma bodies to the surrounding immobile, crystal-rich mush reservoir of Earth's igneous systems. As most of these systems are geophysically shown to be mush-dominated, magma convection is often omitted from thermo-kinetic models, and its role in magma evolution and eruptibility remains underexplored. Here we present 2-D numerical thermal modelling that parameterizes magma convection through a...

Overcoming interfacial mechano-electrochemical failure remains a fundamental challenge in solid-state lithium metal batteries, where polymers offer conformal interfacial contact but suffer from low ionic conductivity, while oxides/sulfides provide high ionic conductivity but face severe interfacial issues. Here we show a mechano-integrated gradient electrolyte based on a hydrogen-bonded polyurethane matrix with dual chain extenders. The polyurethane matrix exhibits high viscoelasticity (>5000%...

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an evolutionary conserved immune signalling protein with key roles in host defence, cancer, senescence and inflammation^(1-3). Downstream of STING, type I interferon, inflammatory cytokine signalling and non-canonical autophagy are governed by a multilayered mechanism integrating ligand-induced structural transitions, protein-protein interactions and coordinated intracellular trafficking^(4-13). Despite its central role in immunity and relevance as...

Hippocampal theta oscillations coordinate computations underlying learning and memory. The frequency of theta varies with factors such as locomotion and anxiety, but the effect of an animal's sleep history on theta frequency remains unknown. Using long-duration CA1 recordings in rats, we found that awake theta frequency progressively decreases following sleep but remains elevated during sleep deprivation. These changes were not accounted for by movement but were predicted by the proportion of...

The dynamics of stem cell maintenance and proliferative patterns are key determinants of tissue aging in multicellular organisms. Leveraging our previously developed SMALT system with enhanced sequencing compatibility, we performed longitudinal lineage tracing of the adult Drosophila melanogaster midgut across different developmental stages. Using ubiquitous Tubulin-GAL4-driven labeling, we first profiled midgut-wide clonal dynamics during early adulthood (3-33 days post-eclosion). Phylogenetic...

Mitochondrial stress activates nuclear transcriptional programs to restore homeostasis and promote longevity; yet, the nuclear effector that directly reshapes chromatin during stress remains unclear. Through a forward genetic screen in Caenorhabditis elegans, we identify FUBL-3, the homolog of human far-upstream elements binding protein 1 (FUBP1), as a conserved regulator that couples mitochondrial stress to chromatin remodeling. FUBL-3 translocates to intestinal nuclei upon stress, where it...

Germline deletions of UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) UGT2B17 and UGT2B28 genes are common in human populations, yet their association with aging remains unclear. In this exploratory study, we analyzed data from 12,934 participants, mostly Caucasian, in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) to assess cross-sectional and prospective associations between UGT deficiencies and aging-related health outcomes, including mortality, multimorbidity, allostatic load, disease burden and...

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings showed that age, gender, experience, attitudes toward aging, and wisdom were related to attitudes toward dementia. This evidence could serve as a guide of practical implications in stigma-reduction campaigns, dementia education, and policy reform.

CONCLUSION: The findings indicate a high burden of self-reported chronic health problems and functional dependency among older adults in a hilly municipality of Nepal. Marital status, smoking, and physical activity were significantly associated with chronic illness, while age and chronic illness were significantly associated with ADL dependency. These results highlight the need for community-based geriatric screening and targeted behavioural interventions to improve health status among older...

CONCLUSIONS: Elderly patients with multimorbidity who underwent elective surgeries have high aging self‑stereotype scores, which are independently associated with first‑time surgery, multimorbidity burden, and decision‑making preference. A management model that combines multidisciplinary collaboration with family support should be established to reduce negative stereotypes and improve quality of life among these patients.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that the psychological consequences of LTCI exposure may be more visible in the upper tail of the depression distribution among older adults with high care needs than in average mental-health indicators, with the signal appearing stronger in women in exploratory analyses. Policy evaluation should therefore move beyond mean-based indicators and strengthen needs-matched, psychologically supportive long-term care for vulnerable older adults.

CONCLUSIONS: In this cross-sectional study in China, exposure to depressive symptoms was associated with IADL disability. This association was modified by age, sex, and outdoor activity engagement. These findings indicate a need to prevent depressive symptoms and a need for an intervention strategy for mental health to reduce the potential risk of IADL disability. Moreover, emphasizing personalized interventions that target individuals with depressive symptoms exposure may minimize the burden of...

Aging is a multifactorial process driven by interconnected hallmarks, including chronic inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, genomic and epigenetic alterations, and dysregulated intercellular communication. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), naturally derived nanoscale membrane vesicles capable of transporting diverse bioactive cargoes across tissues and biological barriers, have emerged as a highly promising platform for regenerative and anti-aging therapeutics. In this review, we systematically...

Southern European countries have some of the highest life expectancies in the world, yet they display relatively high frailty. We examined different diets to identify compositions that promote both healthspan and strength in mice. The western and ketogenic diets increased fat mass and frailty and increased either cholesterol or insulin resistance, whereas a low-protein longevity diet, modeling the traditional Mediterranean and Okinawan diets but supplemented with methionine (LDMM), reduced fat...

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a crucial energy sensor that regulates a wide range of important processes in skeletal muscle. AMPK is present in several subcellular compartments (including the cytosol, nucleus, and mitochondria). However, the influence of physiologically relevant interventions on AMPK's localization in skeletal muscle is not well understood, especially during older age. Accordingly, this study examined AMPK signaling in skeletal muscle from aged male rats...