Aging & Longevity

Mitochondrial decline is a hallmark of ageing, yet the role of intergenomic compatibility in shaping ageing trajectories remains poorly understood, particularly in an ecologically relevant framework. Hormetic interventions have been proposed as strategies to modulate metabolism and lifespan, but it is unknown how this operates in the context of mitonuclear discordance. Here, we demonstrate that mitonuclear mismatch accelerates age-related mitochondrial decline, elevates reactive oxygen species...

Synaptic transmission can be tuned through plasticity mechanisms that regulate synaptic strength, structure, and number. In vivo measurements demonstrate remarkable spine dynamics, with subsets of synapses persisting for months. This correlates with the longevity of certain memories, which can persist for an organism's lifetime. The molecular basis supporting the long-term stability of specific synapses and the long-term durability of memories remains unknown. At the protein level, most proteins...

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Greater life-space mobility was associated with higher life satisfaction regardless of MCI status. These findings suggest that maintaining and expanding life-space mobility may support well-being among community-dwelling older adults, including those with cognitive decline. Interventions aimed at preserving life-space mobility may have practical implications for promoting healthy aging and quality of life in older populations.

Epigenetic clocks based on DNA methylation (DNAm) accurately predict age, but their biological underpinnings remain unclear. One primary mechanism by which DNAm might influence gene regulation is by modulating transcription factor binding activity. This study investigates the regulatory potential of predictive CpGs in established epigenetic clocks. Our analysis reveals that generally most CpGs used by epigenetic clocks do not overlap known transcription factor binding sites (TFBS), indicating...

About 1.5-2 billion years ago, an endosymbiosis between aerobic α-proteobacteria and anaerobic archaeal cells generated mitochondria, i.e., organelles capable of producing oxidative energy. The bacterial genome was fundamentally reduced and a circular mitochondrial genome evolved containing mainly the genes coding for the subunits of the electron transport chain. Before the symbiotic event, there existed a virus-host co-evolution which involved the development of sensors for detecting dangerous...

No abstract

CONCLUSION: Concurrent weakness in the hip abductors and ankle dorsiflexors may be associated with an increased risk of falls in older adults. Combined assessment of muscle strength and range of motion in these regions may assist in identifying older adults with characteristics associated with fall history.

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Families continue to shoulder a substantial share of aging-related care expenses, with financial burdens disproportionately concentrated among households providing intensive caregiving and those with fewer economic resources. These findings underline the hidden costs of population aging that are borne inequitably across socioeconomic status and signal the need for policy solutions that mitigate the financial burden on families supporting aging parents.

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: In older memory clinic patients, AF was associated with sex-specific CSVD patterns: greater WMH burden in men and more microbleeds in women. WMH substantially mediated AF-related decline in physical performance, particularly in men, suggesting that CSVD is an important pathway linking AF to physical dysfunction. These findings underscore the need for sex-specific risk stratification and highlight CSVD as a therapeutic target to preserve physical function in patients...

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Customized structured exercise effectively reduces age-related low-grade inflammation, especially aerobic and resistance training. These results offer actionable insights for clinicians and policymakers working to improve health outcomes in older adults.

Aging and its associated diseases are characterized by a complex interplay of cellular dysfunction, chronic inflammation, and tissue degeneration. Dysregulated cell death and the resulting inflammatory responses are pivotal drivers of this pathological synergy. Among various cell demise pathways, programmed cell death (PCD) mechanisms, including apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis, are critical for maintaining homeostasis but can drive pathology when aberrantly activated. Crucially, they...

Aging of the skeleton is a hallmark of organismal decline and underlies prevalent age-related disorders such as osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), the primary source of osteoblasts, undergo profound functional deterioration during senescence, leading to an imbalance between bone formation and resorption. This review systematically summarizes the key features of BMSC senescence, including impaired proliferation and differentiation, epigenetic...

Biological aging is increasingly understood as a heterogeneous, multi-system process marked by organ-level vulnerability, cross-organ coordination, and variation in resilience. Advances in plasma proteomics, metabolomics, imaging, DNA methylation, digital biomarkers, and genetic epidemiology have enabled organ-level, system-level, and cross-organ age models, but these measures are often interpreted more strongly than the evidence permits. In this Review, we synthesize evidence on biological age...

Identifying senescent cells via single-cell transcriptome profiling data remains challenging due to cellular heterogeneity and overlap with other cellular states. Here, we present SenFlag, a streamlined gene signature for enhanced identification of senescent cells based on integration of core gene expression features. SenFlag was derived through systematic assessment of bulk and single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets across multiple senescence models. It captures a conserved transcriptional program...

CONCLUSIONS: These insights advocate optimizing medical resources, bolstering primary care, and fostering healthy lifestyles to reduce the burden of multimorbidity among older Chinese adults.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) is a severe complication of thoracic radiotherapy with limited effective treatment options. Cellular senescence has emerged as a critical driver of age-related tissue fibrosis; however, its role in RIPF and potential as a therapeutic target are underexplored. In this study, we investigated whether emodin, a natural compound with known anti-aging properties, alleviates RIPF by suppressing radiation-induced cellular senescence. In a mouse model exposed...

Population aging requires innovative technological strategies that promote autonomy, functionality, and well-being in old age. In this context, mixed reality (MR), a technology that integrates physical and digital elements in a shared and interactive real-time environment, emerges as a promising alternative. To analyze the current state of evidence on the use of MR in the care of older adults, including its theoretical and practical implications. Scientific articles were reviewed in Scopus, Web...