Aging & Longevity

CONCLUSIONS: This study underscores the public health need for addressing caregiver burden and mental health among understudied older caregivers. Although financial assistance, psychosocial services, and respite care have reduced caregiver burden in other settings, context-specific services and policies in Lebanon warrant evaluation. Future research should account for care recipients' characteristics and the multidimensional nature of social and financial resources.

CONCLUSIONS: Frailty assessed using the mFI-11 was not independently associated with IOH occurrence in older adults undergoing hip fracture surgery. However, frail patients tended to experience a longer cumulative duration of IOH once it developed, suggesting a possible link between frailty and the persistence rather than the occurrence of intraoperative hemodynamic instability. These findings highlight the importance of vigilant intraoperative hemodynamic monitoring and individualized...

CONCLUSIONS: Culturally specific early-life adversity patterns, particularly household dysfunction and pervasive adversity, predict adverse successful aging trajectories. These childhood patterns are associated with a more rigid late-life mind-body network characterized by tight pathological coupling between cognition and physical illness. Importantly, broader structural inequalities across the life course, particularly low educational attainment and rural residence, operate alongside early-life...

CONCLUSIONS: Interventions with similar short-term clinical outcomes may differ substantially in their economic and population health value. Within the short-term trial horizon, lifestyle-based strategies were associated with more favorable cost-utility profiles. These findings should be interpreted as exploratory and should not be extrapolated to long-term comparative effectiveness, particularly given the established long-term cardiovascular and renal benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors that could not...

CONCLUSIONS: Comorbidities were consistently associated with poorer survival outcomes among older adults with cancer. International and Japanese studies appeared to emphasize different mechanisms linking comorbidities to prognosis; however, these differences should be interpreted cautiously owing to heterogeneity in study design, outcome definitions, and data sources. Further large-scale studies incorporating standardized comorbidity assessment are needed to clarify the mechanisms through which...

BACKGROUND: Dementia prevention is an urgent global health priority in aging populations. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) presents a key window for intervention, where cognitive training can effectively slow progression to dementia. There remains a need for implementation strategies that activate primary healthcare providers (the first point of contact) to deliver such interventions. This study aims to evaluate a multi‑component implementation strategy (enhanced training, financial incentives,...

The age-related decline in oocyte quality is a major risk factor for female infertility. Although transcriptome has been examined in aged oocytes, proteomic landscape, which reflects primary gene functional executors, remains largely unexplored. This gap limits our understanding of oocyte aging. To address this, we perform single-cell proteome/transcriptome co-profiling of GV/MII-aged oocytes from mice and humans, revealing species- and stage-specific proteomic/transcriptomic changes during...

What explains the large variation in lifespan across species? I examine an information-turnover proposition-that ancestral environmental variability should shorten captive lifespan after controlling for body mass, temperature and extrinsic mortality (P1), with a possible lineage-fate interaction (P2)-against the classical extrinsic-mortality prediction that safer niches permit longer life. I state the decision rules in advance rather than register a third-party protocol. Integrating AnAge (4,219...

Obesity is a major metabolic disorder linked to neuroinflammation and cognitive decline. Beyond hypothalamic alterations, emerging evidence indicates that extra-hypothalamic regions, including the cerebellum, are vulnerable to obesity-induced neurotoxicity. This study investigated whether high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity causes cerebellar oxidative stress, impairs Na^(+),K^(+)-ATPase (NKA) activity, and triggers molecular features resembling brain aging in female Balb/C mice. Chronic 10-week...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related progressive neurodegenerative disorder that represents the leading cause of dementia worldwide, affecting over 50 million people. This global burden is expected to rise dramatically over the coming decades because of global population aging, representing a public health concern. Despite significant advances in understanding AD pathophysiology, early diagnosis remains challenging, emphasizing the urgent need for novel, reliable diagnostic and predictive...

CONCLUSION: In this diverse HABS-HD sample, increasing ten-year ASCVD risk was associated with greater AT(N)-V biomarker burden and poorer cognitive performance across multiple domains. These cross-sectional findings suggest that ten-year ASCVD risk may serve as a marker of co-occurring cardiovascular and brain health burden, but they do not establish causality or temporal direction.

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Baker's yeast is a long-standing model for studying mechanisms of aging. Due to asymmetric division, yeast mother and daughter cells are distinguishable, and mother cells usually cease division after 15-25 budding events. However, yeast suspensions consist predominantly of young cells. Here we investigated whether, under harsh environmental conditions, replicative aging-defined by the number of buds produced-manifests at early replicative ages. To test this, we adapted a flow-cytometry-based...

Blood feeding in Anopheles mosquitoes is at the root of all malaria infections in humans and is supported by a range of physiological and behavioral adaptations. Since behavior is orchestrated at the level of the central nervous system, we surveyed the cellular diversity and spatial organization of the female Anopheles gambiae brain and compared it to other insect species. We then describe transcriptional changes associated with mosquito life history events with single brain and single-cell RNA...

Although semantic cognition remains behaviorally stable with age, neuroimaging studies report age-related alterations in response to semantic context. To address these inconsistent findings, we combined behavioral and magnetoencephalography (MEG) measures and examined the neural mechanisms underlying lexical-semantic processing in healthy aging. Forty-six Finnish-speaking adults across younger (22 - 32 years) and older (62 - 69 years) cohorts performed a semantic congruency judgment task on word...

Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) remains a major cause of long-term sensory and motor dysfunction, imposing a substantial clinical and socioeconomic burden worldwide. Although peripheral nerves possess intrinsic regenerative capacity, functional recovery is often incomplete because of the complex interplay among axonal degeneration, Schwann cell plasticity, neuroimmune responses, extracellular matrix remodeling, metabolic reprogramming, remyelination, and target reinnervation. Recent advances in...

CONCLUSIONS: Patient decision aids were common in kidney failure treatment decision-making interventions, but incorporation of geriatric-relevant SDM features varied across decision points, and few interventions were evaluated exclusively among older adults. Future interventions should tailor geriatric-relevant SDM features to specific treatment decisions to best support older adults in making kidney failure treatment decisions.

Age-related sensory decline impairs responses to balance disturbances, increasing fall risk. Evaluating gait and balance under sensory challenges can help reveal how this decline affects instability in older adults. This study (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT06345625) incorporates head movements to evaluate the effect of sensory function - cervical sensorimotor control, vestibular function, and visual acuity - on walking stability in aging and its relationship with falls through a novel augmented-reality...

Aging is a critical risk factor for intervertebral disc degeneration, a major contributor to chronic low back pain. Loss-of-function studies showed that SIRT6, a nuclear NAD^(+)-dependent deacetylase, maintains disc health. We therefore investigated whether long-term SIRT6 activation via systemic delivery of the small-molecular agonist MDL-800 improves disc health in 24-month-old mice. Studies revealed healthy disc morphology, enhanced cell viability, and lower degeneration scores following...