Aging & Longevity

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Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) is a severe complication of thoracic radiotherapy with limited effective treatment options. Cellular senescence has emerged as a critical driver of age-related tissue fibrosis; however, its role in RIPF and potential as a therapeutic target are underexplored. In this study, we investigated whether emodin, a natural compound with known anti-aging properties, alleviates RIPF by suppressing radiation-induced cellular senescence. In a mouse model exposed...

Population aging requires innovative technological strategies that promote autonomy, functionality, and well-being in old age. In this context, mixed reality (MR), a technology that integrates physical and digital elements in a shared and interactive real-time environment, emerges as a promising alternative. To analyze the current state of evidence on the use of MR in the care of older adults, including its theoretical and practical implications. Scientific articles were reviewed in Scopus, Web...

Chronological age is the strongest risk factor for cardiovascular disease, yet individual trajectories of cardiovascular aging, particularly during late life, remain incompletely characterized. We performed quarterly echocardiography in 58 male C57BL/6 mice from 6 months until natural death, focusing on long-lived mice surviving beyond the cohort median of 24 months. Progressive body weight loss after 18-21 months defined the frailty transition and partitioned each mouse's lifespan into...

Microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, dynamically respond to signals from their microenvironment, including adjacent neurons. Among these signals, nuclear contents released from damaged neurons have been implicated in triggering inflammatory microglial responses. Recently, we found that micronuclei (MNs) derived from neurons during the early postnatal stage act as intercellular mediators that alter the microglial characteristics. However, it remains unclear whether...

White matter (WM) abnormalities have emerged as a critical element in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, shifting from their former status as a passive consequence to an active contributor to disease progression. Notably, microstructural WM alterations, detectable early via advanced neuroimaging techniques such as diffusion tensor imaging, frequently precede overt gray matter atrophy and cognitive decline, highlighting their potential as early contributors to AD pathogenesis. The origins of...

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for approximately half of all heart failure cases and predominantly affects older individuals, yet effective treatments remain limited. The molecular mechanisms linking cardiac aging to HFpEF are not fully understood. Here we show that the transcriptional regulator Sub1 is upregulated in aged hearts and in mouse models of HFpEF. Cardiac overexpression of Sub1 shortens lifespan, exacerbates diastolic dysfunction, and accelerates...

Cellular aging is accompanied by progressive alterations in metabolic homeostasis, stress adaptation, and organelle function. Increasing evidence suggests that functional coordination among membrane-bound organelles, including mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), lysosomes, peroxisomes, and the Golgi apparatus, contributes to cellular homeostasis during aging. However, the mechanisms linking kinase signaling to specific inter-organelle contact sites or communication pathways remain...

CONCLUSIONS: In humans, available evidence suggests that nutritional interventions may preferentially affect senescence-associated inflammatory and secretory biomarker profiles, particularly SASP-related mediators, rather than markers more directly related to senescent cell abundance. However, because SASP factors and circulating cytokines are heterogeneous and not specific to senescent cells, these findings should be interpreted as evidence for possible modulation of senescence-associated...

CONCLUSIONS: We unveiled the critical role of Sirt3 in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and mitigating intervertebral disc degeneration progression via regulating Ckm and Atp2a1. We provide a novel therapeutic strategy of activating of Sirt3 by 2-APQC to treat intervertebral disc degeneration.

Chyawanprash is an ancient Ayurvedic superfood described for its antioxidant, anti-ageing and immunity-boosting properties. Prolonged exposure to environmental stressors such as extreme heat, air pollution and toxins could lead to several diseases by triggering oxidative stress and inflammation. These stress response pathways, conserved in humans and C. elegans, play crucial roles in the progression of neurological and metabolic diseases. Present study examines the role of the ancient Ayurvedic...

Brain maintenance - the preservation of brain structure or function relevant to cognitive performance - remains challenging to quantify. Here, we propose a domain-general brain maintenance index derived by jointly modelling the longitudinal co-evolution of ageing-related atrophy (via medial temporal lobe to ventricle ratio, MTLV-ratio), white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and global cognition assessed by the preclinical Alzheimer's cognitive composite (PACC5) using latent growth curve...

Biological age often diverges from chronological age, yet its independent impact on surgical outcomes remains poorly defined. We evaluated PhenoAge, a validated biological age metric, in an international multi-cohort study comprising over 430,000 surgical patients across the UK, USA, and South Korea. In the UK Biobank (N = 291,845), PhenoAge was a robust, independent predictor of 1-year mortality (OR 1.043; p < 0.001), major adverse cardiovascular events (OR 1.041; p < 0.001), and 30-day...

CONCLUSION: This study demonstrate that it is urgent to involve community pharmacies into age-friendly initiatives, to create safe environments for older population which is one of the most frequent patients in community pharmacies.

CONCLUSIONS: Lower SHR values were associated with increased vulnerability to geriatric syndromes, particularly probable sarcopenia and frailty, in older adults. These findings suggest that SHR may reflect impaired metabolic adaptation and reduced physiological reserve in aging populations. Further prospective studies are needed to establish the clinical utility of SHR as a marker of geriatric vulnerability.

CONCLUSIONS: Physical frailty was associated with lower IL-17 and higher TGF-β1 levels, suggesting that immune-related pathways beyond classical systemic inflammation may be associated with physical frailty. Rather than reflecting overt systemic inflammation, these findings suggest that biological pathways involved in immune regulation and tissue remodeling may be associated with physical frailty. IL-17 and TGF-β1 may therefore represent potentially informative biomarkers for future...

Loneliness and social isolation increase the risk of physical and mental disorders in older adults, while resilience may mitigate this risk. The evidence that medial temporal lobe (MTL) structures are associated with loneliness, social isolation, and resilience is largely cross-sectional. This study examined whether baseline MTL structures were associated with loneliness, social isolation, or resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. 114 older adults (59 females; mean age: 73.8 ± 5.6 years)...

Two principal strategies have gained prominence among currently recognised approaches to anti-ageing: systemic interventions that modulate the circulatory environment and cellular interventions that reset epigenetic information. Systemic approaches, beginning with experimental heterochronic parabiosis models that are not applicable to humans and extending to clinically applicable therapeutic plasma exchange, test the hypothesis that ageing is promoted by the accumulation of inhibitory...

Tumors reprogram lipid metabolism in distant tissues to support their growth. In adult Drosophila, gut tumors secrete the PDGF/VEGF-like factor Pvf1, which activates the TORC1-Hnf4 pathway in hepatocyte-like oenocytes. This drives production of very long-chain fatty acids and wax esters essential for tracheal growth around the tumor. Blocking Hnf4 or the elongase mElo in oenocytes strongly suppresses tracheogenesis, tumor progression, and cachexia-like organ wasting, while extending host...