Aging & Longevity

Aging, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cerebral microhemorrhages: a preclinical evaluation of SS-31 (elamipretide) and development of a high-throughput machine learning-driven imaging pipeline for cerebromicrovascular protection therapeutic screening

22 hours 32 minutes ago
Cerebral microhemorrhages (CMHs, also known as cerebral microbleeds) contribute to vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID), with aging and hypertension being key risk factors. Mitochondrial oxidative stress is a hallmark of cerebrovascular aging, leading to endothelial dysfunction. This study tests the hypothesis that increased mitochondrial oxidative stress contributes to age-related CMH susceptibility and evaluates the mitochondrial-targeted antioxidative peptide SS-31 (elamipretide)...
Roland Patai

Vegetarian diet and healthy aging among Chinese older adults: a prospective study

22 hours 32 minutes ago
Vegetarian diets are increasingly popular worldwide, but their impact on healthy aging in older adults remains unclear. This study examined the association between vegetarian diets and healthy aging among 2,888 healthy older Chinese adults from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Dietary patterns (vegan, ovo-vegetarian, pesco-vegetarian, omnivorous) were derived from a simplified non-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Over a median follow-up of 6 years, after accounting...
Guliyeerke Jigeer

The impact of age identity on social participation of older adults

22 hours 32 minutes ago
CONCLUSION: Different age identities among older adult lead to different identity recognitions, and a positive age identity makes them more willing to participate in society. The government should consider the diversity and complexity of older adult and provide more opportunities for them to participate in social activities in order to improve their quality of life and level of social participation, allowing them to maintain a positive age identity.
Denghui Huang

Signaling networks in cancer stromal senescent cells establish malignant microenvironment

22 hours 32 minutes ago
The tumor microenvironment (TME) encompasses various cell types, blood and lymphatic vessels, and noncellular constituents like extracellular matrix (ECM) and cytokines. These intricate interactions between cellular and noncellular components contribute to the development of a malignant TME, such as immunosuppressive, desmoplastic, angiogenic conditions, and the formation of a niche for cancer stem cells, but there is limited understanding of the specific subtypes of stromal cells involved in...
Yue Zhang

Alternate Day Fasting Enhances Intestinal Epithelial Function During Aging by Regulating Mitochondrial Metabolism

22 hours 32 minutes ago
With advancing age, the decline in intestinal stem cell (ISC) function can lead to a series of degenerative changes in the intestinal epithelium, a critical factor that increases the risk of intestinal diseases in the elderly. Consequently, there is an urgent imperative to devise effective dietary intervention strategies that target the alterations in senescent ISCs to alleviate senescence-related intestinal dysfunction. The 28-month-old naturally aging mouse model was utilized to discover that...
Heng Quan

Senescent Endothelial Cells in Cerebral Microcirculation Are Key Drivers of Age-Related Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption, Microvascular Rarefaction, and Neurovascular Coupling Impairment in Mice

22 hours 32 minutes ago
With advancing age, neurovascular dysfunction manifests as impaired neurovascular coupling (NVC), microvascular rarefaction, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, contributing to vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Our previous research established a causal link between vascular senescence induced cerebromicrovascular dysfunction and cognitive decline in accelerated aging models. The present study examines whether chronological aging promotes endothelial senescence, adversely affecting...
Boglarka Csik

Voxel-wise insights into early Alzheimer's disease pathology progression: the association with APOE and memory decline

22 hours 32 minutes ago
Longitudinal investigation of the Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype's impact on Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarker progression, focusing on amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation and gray matter (GM) atrophy, integrating cognitive decline and baseline levels. Longitudinal florbetapir-PET and T1-weighted MRI data from 100 cognitively normal (CN) and mild cognitive impaired (MCI) participants both with considerable global Aβ accumulation ("high Aβ accumulators") were analyzed using a voxel-wise approach....
Maha Wybitul

Neuronal antenna senses signals from the Bone to Sustain Cognition by boosting autophagy

22 hours 32 minutes ago
The common occurrence of cognitive decline is one of the most significant manifestations of aging in the brain, with the hippocampus - critical for learning and memory - being one of the first regions to exhibit functional deterioration. BGLAP/OCN/osteocalcin (bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein), a pro-youth systemic factor produced by the bone, improves age-related cognitive decline by boosting hippocampal neuronal autophagy. However, the mechanism by which hippocampal neurons detect BGLAP/OCN...
Victoria Blanchet

Targeting IGF1-Induced Cellular Senescence to Rejuvenate Hair Follicle Aging

1 day 22 hours ago
The insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling pathway is known as a potent aging modifier, disruption of which consistently associates with lifespan extension across diverse species. Despite this established association, the mechanisms by which IGF-1 signaling modulates organ aging remain poorly understood. In this study, we assessed age-related changes in IGF-1 expression across multiple organs in mice and identified a more prominent increase in skin IGF-1 levels with aging-a phenomenon...
Yang Wang

No evidence for a trade-off between reproduction and survival in a meta-analysis across birds

1 day 22 hours ago
Life-history theory, central to our understanding of diversity in morphology, behaviour, and senescence, describes how traits evolve through the optimisation of trade-offs in investment. Despite considerable study, there is only minimal support for trade-offs within species between the two traits most closely linked to fitness - reproductive effort and survival - questioning the theory's general validity. We used a meta-analysis to separate the effects of individual quality (positive...
Lucy A Winder

The rising income gradient in life expectancy in Sweden over six decades

1 day 22 hours ago
This study examines the long-term association between income and life expectancy in Sweden between 1960 and 2021. The study is based on register data that include all Swedish permanent residents aged 40 y and older. The results show that the gap in life expectancy between the top and bottom income percentiles widened substantially: For men, it increased from 3.5 y in the 1960s to 10.9 y by the 2010s, and for women, from 3.8 y in the 1970s to 8.6 y by the 2010s. Despite a reduction in income...
Johannes Hagen

Single cell-resolved cellular, transcriptional, and epigenetic changes in mouse T cell populations linked to age-associated immune decline

1 day 22 hours ago
Splenic T cells are pivotal to the immune system, yet their function deteriorates with age. To elucidate the specific aspects of T cell biology affected by aging, we conducted a comprehensive multi-time point single-cell RNA sequencing study, complemented by single-cell Assay for Transposase Accessible Chromatin (ATAC) sequencing and single-cell T cell repertoire (TCR) sequencing on splenic T cells from mice across 10 different age groups. This map of age-related changes in the distribution of T...
Jing He

Development, Validation, and Application of the Electronic Frailty Index: A Scoping Review

1 day 22 hours ago
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: This scoping review revealed that eFIs can be developed using various electronic health care data sources, and they have been extensively employed for various population-level purposes. The observed associations between the eFIs, existing frailty assessment tools, and health outcomes highlight their utility in evaluating the care needs of an aging population.
Jiaying Zheng

A cerebrospinal fluid synaptic protein biomarker for prediction of cognitive resilience versus decline in Alzheimer's disease

1 day 22 hours ago
Rates of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are extremely heterogeneous. Although biomarkers for amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau proteins, the hallmark AD pathologies, have improved pathology-based diagnosis, they explain only 20-40% of the variance in AD-related cognitive impairment (CI). To discover novel biomarkers of CI in AD, we performed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteomics on 3,397 individuals from six major prospective AD case-control cohorts. Synapse proteins emerged as the...
Hamilton Se-Hwee Oh

Transcriptional profiles of mouse oligodendrocyte precursor cells across the lifespan

1 day 22 hours ago
Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) are highly dynamic, widely distributed glial cells of the central nervous system responsible for generating myelinating oligodendrocytes throughout life. However, the rates of OPC proliferation and differentiation decline dramatically with aging, which may impair homeostasis, remyelination and adaptive myelination during learning. To determine how aging influences OPCs, we generated a transgenic mouse line (Matn4-mEGFP) and performed single-cell RNA...
Dongeun Heo

Cardiac-specific overexpression of serum response factor regulates age-associated decline in mitochondrial function

1 day 22 hours ago
Cardiac aging is an intrinsic process that leads to impaired heart function, along with cellular and molecular changes. Recent research highlights the important role of mitochondria in cardiac function, due to the heart's high energy demands. Serum response factor (SRF), a transcription factor involved in regulating actin and smooth muscle gene expression, is well known as a regulator of various aspects of cardiac function. However, its role in mitochondrial regulation and cardiac aging is...
Pankaj Patyal
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