Aging & Longevity

Aging is a major risk factor for chronic diseases. Unlike the general population, members of long-lived families maintain exceptional health as they age, with over 10 years delayed onset of their first chronic disease. We therefore hypothesize that one of the key features explaining healthy survival up to high ages (longevity) is the absence of chronic disease risk alleles. We investigated this hypothesis in the Leiden Longevity Study, a cohort with data from more than 420 long-lived families in...

Lysosomal dysfunction is a hallmark of cellular senescence, yet the mechanisms governing lysosomal protein trafficking remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that CD-M6PR, a principal receptor for lysosomal enzyme transport, is markedly reduced in senescent fibroblasts and in aged mice and humans, and that its loss correlates with the severity of autolysosomal impairment. Mechanistically, the reduction of CD-M6PR in senescent cells mainly stems from the accelerated proteasome-mediated...

CONCLUSION: The needs of older adults and community workers in utilizing technology for health exhibit a multi-layered interaction. Older adults require simplified technologies and social support, and community workers demand technical training and policy backing. The study's findings support a reframing of immediate recommendations towards age-friendly design, structured training for community workers, and policy support for resources. Developing artificial intelligence-assisted tools is a...

CONCLUSION: The findings reinforce the multidimensional nature of dementia and the importance of accessible factors for supporting screening/triage and prioritization in primary care. Strengthening public policies focused on promoting brain health can contribute significantly to the efficient allocation of resources in primary care and dementia prevention in Brazil.

Plants have served as important sources of medicine since prehistoric times, forging a strong connection between humans and their environment. This relationship has yielded valuable insights into the therapeutic use of herbs for various health conditions. The current study aims to gather scientific evidence about traditional Indian anti-aging herbal beverages that have been practiced for centuries. We conducted a literature search through online databases, research articles, search engines, and...

Neurons and glia are distinct in their morphology, development and function, possessing unique transcriptomes and proteomes, but little is known about their metabolomes. The challenge of brain cell metabolic profiling is to obtain a large number of cells for reliable analysis. Here we purified microglia, astrocytes and neurons from mouse brains, identifying >70 metabolites through targeted metabolomics and 9,854 metabolite features via untargeted metabolomics. We systematically characterized...

Senescent cells accumulate with age and contribute to tissue dysfunction and chronic inflammation. Senolytic agents that selectively eliminate senescent cells hold therapeutic promise; however, few mechanistic classes have been established. Using Cell Painting-based morphological profiling, we identified a distinct cluster of senolytic compounds comprised of both known and novel autophagy inhibitors, including AZ191, bafilomycin A1, chloroquine, daurisoline, dauricine, MCOPPB, and its derivative...

Protein epigenetic scores (EpiScores) are DNA methylation (DNAm)-based proxies for circulating protein levels and may provide insights into inflammation-cognition relationships. Although some EpiScores have been linked to cognitive decline, it remains unclear whether these proxies show similar associations in other cohorts, and whether their effects vary across distinct cognitive domains. We aimed to evaluate the associations between inflammatory proteins EpiScores and cognitive functions...

Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment is increasingly recognized as a long-term consequence of cancer treatment, yet the contribution of the cerebrovascular system remains poorly defined. In this study, we investigated the long-term effects of clinically relevant treatment regimens with cyclophosphamide (CP) and vincristine (VIN) on cerebrovascular cellular senescence, associated molecular signatures, and downstream functional outcomes, including disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB)...

The ovary is one of the first organs to lose functionality with age. We found that aging of the Drosophila ovary is characterized by an accumulation of phenotypes in the somatic compartment, including failure of the follicle cells to encapsulate germ-cell cysts, an extended S phase, and increased DNA damage. In aged ovaries, follicle encapsulation defects are associated with the lack of a germ-cell cyst checkpoint in early oogenesis. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that, across all cell...

P. F. Giannopoulos, J. Chiu, and D. Praticò, "Antileukotriene Therapy by Reducing Tau Phosphorylation Improves Synaptic Integrity and Cognition of P301S Transgenic Mice," Aging Cell 17, no. 3 (2018): e12759, https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12759. The above article, published online on 01 April 2018 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief, Monty Montano; The Anatomical Society; and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The retraction has...

Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of cardiovascular-related deaths worldwide, with risk increasing sharply with age. Fibrosis and inflammation occur soon after a pathological event and reflect perturbation of tissue repair that accompanies aging in general. Yet not old, but young animals are typically used for studying MI, emphasizing the unmet need for more relevant preclinical models. We previously determined that plasma dilution, also termed neutral blood exchange (NBE)...

Environmental antibiotic pollution is an underexplored contributor to gut aging and chronic intestinal diseases. We provide evidence that chronic exposure to enrofloxacin (ENR), a commonly detected veterinary antibiotic, accelerates gut aging and disease progression through a mitochondria-centered mechanism. In a population-based cross-sectional analysis, recent antibiotic use was associated with increased biological age and a higher risk of diarrhea in middle-aged and older adults, supporting a...

All organisms employ strategies to cope with changing environmental conditions. In budding yeast, nutrient deprivation induces a reversible non-proliferative state known as quiescence, characterized by extensive remodeling of gene expression, metabolism, and cellular biophysical properties. Yeast cells survive prolonged periods of starvation-induced quiescence, provided they can respire in the early stages of glucose withdrawal, and blocking respiration causes premature aging and markedly...

CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that specific gut microbial profiles are significantly associated with sarcopenia. Akkermansia and Lactobacillus were associated with sarcopenia, although greater Roseburia levels were beneficial. These microbial signatures are associated with sarcopenia and warrant further longitudinal investigation.

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CONCLUSIONS: What mattered most to the patients was closely related to the World Health Organization's recommendations for ethical and good quality health care. Generally, the patients agreed on what mattered most. Further studies are needed to enrich the understanding of what is important to older patients.

CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that feeling younger than one's age is associated with better overall intrinsic capacities at baseline and lesser decline over the monitoring period. Routine assessment of subjective age could help to identify individuals who may benefit from prevention strategies and could promote patient-centered care by providing deeper insights into individuals' perceptions of aging.

With the aging of the global population, neurodegenerative diseases have become a major public health challenge. Currently, there are many limitations in the traditional treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as medicine, deep brain stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and transcranial direct current stimulation, including the inability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) accurately and challenges in achieving precise and quantitative control during the treatment...