Aging & Longevity

CONCLUSIONS: Systemic factors had a major influence on the implementation of GSH and we posit that they hold particular relevance for integrated care models in complex healthcare systems. Whole-system changes above and beyond implementation efforts of individual programmes may be needed for successful and sustainable implementation of integrated care.

Senescent cells, characterized by irreversible cell cycle arrest and inflammatory factor secretion, promote various age-related pathologies. Senescent cells exhibit resistance to ferroptosis, a form of iron-dependent cell death; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we discovered that lysosomal acidity was crucial for lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis induction by cystine deprivation. In senescent cells, lysosomal alkalinization causes the aberrant retention of ferrous iron...

ObjectivesIndigenous populations in Mexico, comprising roughly one-fifth of the population, face significant unique cognitive health challenges in older adulthood. This study examines cognitive performance differences between Indigenous and non-Indigenous language speakers and evaluates whether the cognitive benefits of educational attainment differs between these populations.MethodsWe analyzed the 2018 Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS, n = 16,199), a nationally representative study of...

This pilot study aimed to evaluate the impact of a diet supplemented with potential geroprotectors on metabolic and aging-associated markers in domestic cats. A total of 53 adult domestic cats were randomly assigned into two groups: a control diet (CD) and a geroprotective diet (GD) containing five plant-based extracts (silymarin, green tea, grape seed, curcumin, and grapefruit seed). Animals were fed the respective diets for three months. Body weight and body condition score were recorded...

The need to monitor the aging process as a risk factor for disease and mortality beyond chronological age (CA) has led to numerous investigations into the estimation of the biological age (BA) of individuals. However, the accuracy of BA estimation tools is often judged by their ability to approximate CA, questioning their value in capturing the variance in health status and thus correctly estimating BA. Their biological relevance is often assessed in relation to health outcomes or mortality,...

Diet is widely considered essential in dementia, but its association with white matter lesions (WMLs) remains unclear. This cross-sectional study investigated the associations between dietary patterns, dementia, and WMLs in a large, nationwide, multicenter population of older Japanese adults. A total of 8,938 adults (aged ≥ 65; 73 ± 6.3 years old) from the Japan Prospective Studies Collaboration for Aging and Dementia (JPSC-AD) were included. Dietary intake was assessed using a Food Frequency...

Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a key determinant of loss of independence (LOI) among older adults. However, the relationship between late-life HRQOL trajectory patterns and the risk of LOI remains unclear. This study utilized 5-year longitudinal data from the Sukagawa Study, and group-based trajectory modeling. HRQOL trajectories were analyzed using the mental component scale (MCS) and physical component scale (PCS) from the SF-8. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs)...

The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster emerges as an affordable, genetically tractable model of behavior and brain diseases. However, despite the surprising level of evolutionary conservation from flies to humans, significant genetic, circuit-level, and behavioral differences hinder the interpretability of fruit fly models for human disease. Therefore, to allow a more direct fly-versus-human comparison, we surveyed the rarely exploited, rich behavioral repertoire of fruit flies with genetic...

Blood perfusion delivers oxygen and nutrients to all cells, making it a fundamental feature of brain organization. How cerebral blood perfusion maps onto micro-, meso- and macro-scale brain structure and function is therefore a key question in neuroscience. Here we analyze pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (ASL) data from 1305 healthy individuals in the HCP Lifespan studies (5-22 and 36-100 years) to reconstruct a high-resolution normative cerebral blood perfusion map. At the cellular and...

CONCLUSION: Older adults who are homebound face multifaceted challenges that require integrated, multidisciplinary, home-based care approaches. Expanding home-based primary and palliative care, addressing unmet care needs, and providing caregiver support are critical priorities among countries with aging populations. Future research should focus on home-based healthcare delivery models and targeted interventions to address gaps in mental health services, cognitive assessment and management, and...

Strategies to slow the aging process or mitigate its consequences on health rely on the validation of minimally-invasive biomarkers of aging that can be used to track aging and test the effectiveness of antiaging interventions. Study of aging in a nonhuman primate species offers a robust translational approach to achieving these aims, avoiding wide differences in genetics and environmental exposures that confound human aging studies. As epigenetic age appears to predict biological aging,...

Dietary protein is a key regulator of healthy aging in both mice and humans. In mice, reducing dietary levels of the branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) recapitulates many of the benefits of a low protein diet; BCAA-restricted diets extend lifespan, reduce frailty, and improve metabolic health, while BCAA supplementation shortens lifespan, promotes obesity, and impairs glycemic control. Recently, high protein diets have been shown to promote cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging implicated in...

Elite sports have become increasingly professionalized and personalized, with soccer players facing a high number of games per season. This trend presents significant challenges in optimizing training for peak performance and requires rigorous monitoring of athletes to prevent overload and reduce injury risks. The emerging field of epigenetic clocks offers promising new pathways for developing useful biomarkers that enhance training management. This study investigates the effects of intense...

CONCLUSION: The high prevalence underscores the need for routine screening in health centers and caregiver education programs.

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Specialized ribosomes help determine which proteins are synthesized, however, the influence of age on ribosome heterogeneity and whether dysregulation of this process drives organismal aging is unknown. Here we examined the role of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) methylation in maintaining appropriate translation as organisms age. In a directed RNAi screen, we identified 18S rRNA N6'-dimethyl adenosine (m^(6,2)A) methyltransferase, dimt-1, as a regulator of C. elegans lifespan and stress resistance. We...

Why education is linked to higher cognitive function in aging is fiercely debated. Leading theories propose that education reduces brain decline in aging and enhances tolerance to brain pathology or that it does not affect cognitive decline but, rather, reflects higher early-life cognitive function. To test these theories, we analyzed 407,356 episodic memory scores from 170,795 participants older than 50 years, alongside 15,157 brain magnetic resonance imaging scans from 6,472 participants...

Reduced peak oxygen uptake (V̇O₂peak) is a hallmark of heart failure (HF) and aging, but studies on V̇O₂peak in older HF patients are limited. We compared V̇O₂peak in older HF patients versus controls and investigated differences across the age continuum: young-old (YO, 60-69 years), middle-old (MO, 70-79 years), and oldest-old (OO, ≥ 80 years). PubMed was searched (1967 May 2024) for studies meeting the following inclusion criteria: (1) HF patients with mean age ≥ 65 years; (2) V̇O₂peak...

This study aimed to investigate the dual-pathway mechanisms underlying cognitive-emotional integration in older adults through a 12-week randomized controlled trial. Specifically, it explored how groove music-integrated Tai Chi (GOTC) modulates cognitive and emotional processes compared to conventional music-based Tai Chi (COTC) and a control group (CON), using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and surface electromyography (sEMG) to assess prefrontal connectivity and neuromuscular...

DNA methylation data has been used to make "epigenetic clocks" which attempt to measure chronological and biological aging. These models rely on data derived from bisulfite-based measurements, which exploit a semi-selective deamination and a genomic reference to determine methylation states. We found that non-methylation factors lead to "pseudomethylation" signals that are both confounding of epigenetic clocks and uniquely age predictive. We also failed to predict age using human genotyping...