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A critical challenge in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treatment is that tumors recurring after temozolomide (TMZ) therapy become more malignant, exhibiting increased invasiveness and stemness compared to the primary tumor. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. While the majority of GBM cells are eradicated by TMZ, a subset enters cell cycle arrest, adopts a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and activates senescence-related signaling pathways. These cells eventually...

La nacionalidad Shuar del Amazonas colabora con científicos para autentificar cabezas reducidas, o tsantsas, y algún día repatriarlas a casa

Lapse may be temporary, but draft budget plans would eliminate service

Novel computer analysis of records ascribed to legendary Chinese astrologer dates them to nearly 2400 years ago

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Major progress has been made in elucidating the molecular, cellular, and supracellular mechanisms underlying aging. This has spurred the birth of geroscience, which aims to identify actionable hallmarks of aging. Aging can be viewed as a process that is promoted by overactivation of gerogenes, i.e., genes and molecular pathways that favor biological aging, and alternatively slowed down by gerosuppressors, much as cancers are caused by the activation of oncogenes and prevented by tumor...

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Muscle atrophy is characterized by a decrease in muscle mass, strength, and activity. Recently, it was determined that microRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate muscle atrophy and that dexamethasone (Dex), an allergy and autoimmune disorder treatment that can induce muscle atrophy. Therefore, this study was designed to identify miRNAs expressed in Dex-induced muscle atrophy in mice using small RNA sequencing. A total of 820 miRNAs were identified, with 58 miRNAs expressed explicitly in atrophic muscles....

Lithium dendrites, with their high reactivity, pose a critical challenge to the safety and longevity of lithium-based batteries. Effective regulation strategies are crucial for mitigating battery degradation and enhancing reliability. Conventional approaches, such as relaxation following lithium plating or regulated discharging, often fail to simultaneously address the formation of solid electrolyte interface and isolated lithium. Here, we demonstrate that rational utilization of electric field...

CONCLUSION: This study underscores the significant relationship between sarcopenic obesity and depression in a large U.S. middle-aged and elderly population. Interventions focusing on weight control and muscle mass enhancement through proper nutrition and physical activity may reduce depression incidence, thereby promoting healthy aging.

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Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are lung-resident macrophages critical to lung homeostasis and immunity. Replacement of embryonic-derived tissue-resident AMs (TRAMs) by circulating monocyte-derived AMs (MoAMs) reshapes the functionality of AMs and host susceptibility to respiratory diseases. However, mechanisms underlying such an AM turnover remain unclear. Using a mouse model of Streptococcus pneumoniae (S.P.) infection, we show here that respiratory S.P. infection induces the recruitment and...

T cell aging contributes to the lower vaccine efficacy in older adults, yet the molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here, we show the density of initially responding naïve CD4^(+) T cells is instructive in T follicular helper (TFH) cell fate decisions and declines with age. A lower number of initially responding cells did not affect TFH differentiation at peak responses after immunization but accounted for an increased contraction phase manifesting as a larger loss of CXCR5 expression....

Specific phytohormone combinations regulate plant growth and responses to environmental stimuli. Monitoring their distribution is key for understanding signaling cross-talk and detecting plant stress early. However, typical means of monitoring these chemicals are often laborious, destructive, or limited to model plants. In this study, we present an amperometric and minimally invasive sensing platform that can be attached to plant leaves for the simultaneous detection of two key phytohormones,...

Age-associated B cells (ABCs) with autoreactive properties accumulate with age and expand prematurely in autoimmune diseases. However, the mechanisms behind ABC generation and maintenance remain poorly understood. We show that continuous B cell receptor (BCR) signaling is essential for ABC development from anergic B cells in aged and autoimmune mice. ABCs exhibit constitutive BCR activation, with surface BCRs being internalized. Notably, anergic B cells, but not nonautoreactive B cells,...

Decline of mitochondrial respiratory chain (mtRC) capacity is a hallmark of mitochondrial diseases. Patients with mtRC dysfunction often present reduced skeletal growth as a sign of premature cartilage degeneration and aging, but how metabolic adaptations contribute to this phenotype is poorly understood. Here we show that, in mice with impaired mtRC in cartilage, reductive/reverse TCA cycle segments are activated to produce metabolite-derived amino acids and stimulate biosynthesis processes by...

Lung interstitial macrophages (IMs) are monocyte-derived parenchymal macrophages whose tissue-supportive functions remain unclear. Despite progress in understanding lung IM diversity and transcriptional regulation, the signals driving their development from monocytes and their functional specification remain unknown. Here, we found that lung endothelial cell-derived Tgfβ1 triggered a core Tgfβ receptor-dependent IM signature in mouse bone marrow-derived monocytes. Myeloid-specific impairment of...

ObjectivesThis study aims to examine the relationship between social connectedness and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among older adults, focusing on the impact of technology accessibility and geographic context (urban vs. rural).MethodsData from the 2021 National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) with 2303 participants aged 65 and older were used. Confirmatory factor analysis validated measures of social connectedness and HRQoL, followed by regression analysis to explore their...

Male fertility declines during aging. This process mainly affects spermatogonia and Sertoli cells, leading to impaired spermatogenesis and poor-quality sperm production. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed RNA molecules produced by backsplicing. In the field of male reproduction, circRNAs boast great potential in the regulation of spermatogenesis and sperm morpho-functional skills. However, their potential role in age-related male reproductive anomalies remains largely elusive. Here,...