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Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, a major contributor to chronic low back pain, is characterized by the age-related replacement of notochord-derived nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) with chondrocyte-like or fibrotic cells (CLCs). However, the cellular origins of CLCs and mechanisms driving their emergence remain contentious. Using genetic lineage tracing with Shh-Cre and Gli1-CreER^(T2) to track notochordal and non-notochordal cells, respectively, we demonstrate that CLCs arise from dual...

Long-buried layers of saline permafrost seem to be accelerating climate change's transformation of the Arctic

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the substantial degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neurons, the accumulation of alpha-synuclein, and the intraneuronal formation of Lewy bodies. DJ-1 is a multifaceted protein that has been linked to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Recent research has highlighted a potential role for DJ-1 in PD. This protein plays a critical role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, modulating...

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus is well-defined in rodents, and its role in cognitive functions as well as its potential as a therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease remain a topic of great scientific interest. In this study, we evaluated the effects of a novel small molecule, OXS-N1, on neurogenesis and behavior in C57Bl/6 wild-type and 5xFAD Alzheimer's disease model mice, which were tested independently at different ages. Modern,...

Ageing is the major risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disorder. DNA damage is a hallmark of ageing, particularly when occurring at telomeres, genomic regions vulnerable to oxidative damage and often challenging for the cell to repair. Here, we show that brains of 3xTg-AD mice, an established AD model characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced pathology, exhibit increased activation of DNA damage response (DDR) pathways at telomeres. Exposure of mouse...

Ageing is the major risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disorder. DNA damage is a hallmark of ageing, particularly when occurring at telomeres, genomic regions vulnerable to oxidative damage and often challenging for the cell to repair. Here, we show that brains of 3xTg-AD mice, an established AD model characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced pathology, exhibit increased activation of DNA damage response (DDR) pathways at telomeres. Exposure of mouse...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative condition and continues to pose significant clinical and research challenges due to its complex causes and limited treatment success. Conventional therapies have primarily focused on amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau proteins, but these efforts have yet to produce optimal results. This review explores emerging interdisciplinary strategies that integrate artificial intelligence (AI), small molecule drugs, and precision treatments to tackle...