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Hippo effector, Yorkie, is a tumor suppressor in select <em>Drosophila</em> squamous epithelia

9 months 2 weeks ago
Mammalian Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) and Drosophila Yorkie (Yki) are transcription cofactors of the highly conserved Hippo signaling pathway. It has been long assumed that the YAP/TAZ/Yki signaling drives cell proliferation during organ growth. However, its instructive role in regulating developmentally programmed organ growth, if any, remains elusive. Out-of-context gain of YAP/TAZ/Yki signaling often turns oncogenic. Paradoxically,...
Rachita Bhattacharya

The role of signaling pathways mediated by the GPCRs CysLTR1/2 in melanocyte proliferation and senescence

9 months 2 weeks ago
In contrast with sun exposure-induced melanoma, rarer melanocytic tumors and neoplasms with low mutational burden present opportunities to study isolated signaling mechanisms. These include uveal melanoma and blue nevi, which are often driven by mutations within the G protein-coupled signaling cascade downstream of cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2. Here, we review how the same mutations within this pathway drive the growth of melanocytes in one tissue but can inhibit the growth of those in...
Thomas Huber

Resting-state EEG correlates of sustained attention in healthy ageing: Cross-sectional findings from the LEISURE study

9 months 2 weeks ago
While structural and biochemical brain changes are well-documented in ageing, functional neuronal network differences, as indicated by electrophysiological markers, are less clear. Moreover, age-related changes in sustained attention and their associated electrophysiological correlates are still poorly understood. To address this, we analysed cross-sectional baseline electroencephalography (EEG) and cognitive data from the Lifestyle Intervention Study for Dementia Risk Reduction (LEISURE)....
Alicia J Campbell

Iron chelation as a new therapeutic approach to prevent senescence and liver fibrosis progression

9 months 2 weeks ago
Iron overload and cellular senescence have been implicated in liver fibrosis, but their possible mechanistic connection has not been explored. To address this, we have delved into the role of iron and senescence in an experimental model of chronic liver injury, analyzing whether an iron chelator would prevent liver fibrosis by decreasing hepatocyte senescence. The model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) in mice was used as an experimental model of liver fibrosis. Results demonstrated that during...
Josep Amengual

Quantifiable blood TCR repertoire components associate with immune aging

9 months 2 weeks ago
T cell senescence alters the homeostasis of distinct T cell populations and results in decayed adaptive immune protection in older individuals, but a link between aging and dynamic T cell clone changes has not been made. Here, using a newly developed computational framework, Repertoire Functional Units (RFU), we investigate over 6500 publicly available TCR repertoire sequencing samples from multiple human cohorts and identify age-associated RFUs consistently across different cohorts....
Jing Hu