Aggregator

CONCLUSION: In East Asian populations, CHB will increase the incidence of OP. Therefore, CHB patients not only require long-term antiviral treatment to protect the liver but should also monitor their bone health over time to reduce the risk of OP, ultimately improving quality of life.

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: In conclusion, this review emphasizes the uncertainty surrounding the effectiveness of SB reduction interventions in LTCFs. Future research should refine methodologies, standardize interventions and outcome measures, and build a stronger evidence base to guide intervention development and improve well-being in LTCF residents. Findings also suggest that SB-focused strategies may be more effective than PA-based ones alone and could inform policy and practice...

Cellular senescence is a complex biological process with a dual role in tissue homeostasis and aging-related pathologies. Accumulation of senescent cells promotes chronic inflammation, tissue dysfunction, age-related diseases, and tumor suppression. Recent advancements in immunotherapy have positioned T cell-based approaches as precision tools for the targeted clearance of senescent cells, offering a novel avenue for anti-aging interventions. This review explores the molecular mechanisms...

Acetylcholine (ACh) secreted by the non-neuronal cholinergic system (NNCS), an intrinsic system found in the mammalian heart, is not dependent on neuronal inputs for its synthesis. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that ACh exerts multifaceted cardioprotective effects through the NNCS. Under extreme stress or demand, ACh slows heart rate by modulating cardiac chronotropy. Simultaneously, it protects the myocardium from ischemic, hypoxic, and other stressors. Beyond its direct effects on the...

With age, bones mechanosensitivity is reduced, which limits their ability to adapt to loading. The exact mechanism leading to this loss of mechanosensitvity is still unclear, making developing effective treatment challenging. Current treatments mostly focus on preventing bone mass loss (such as bisphosphonates) or promoting bone formation (such as Sclerostin inhibitors) to limit the decline of bones mass. However, treatments do not target the cause of bone mass loss which may be, in part, due to...

Reactive gliosis is a hallmark of neuropathology and offers a potential target for addressing numerous neurological diseases. Here, we show that growth arrest and DNA damage inducible gamma (GADD45G), a stress sensor in astrocytes, is a nodal orchestrator of reactive gliosis and neurodegeneration. GADD45G expression in astrocytes is sufficient to incite astrogliosis, microgliosis, synapse loss, compromised animal behavior, and the aggravation of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Conversely, silencing...

CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that combining motor training with tDCS improves motor function, particularly in gait-related parameters, in PD patients. However, these effects were not sustained over time, highlighting the temporary nature of the benefits. Sex differences may influence the acute effects of combined motor training and tDCS interventions.

No abstract

No abstract

During aging, hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function progressively declines which can lead to reduced blood cell production and regeneration. This work uncovered that cell surface presentation of P-selectin (CD62P, encoded by Selp) increases in a large fraction of aging HSCs driven by a proinflammatory milieu in mice. Notably, expression of P-selectin molecularly and functionally dichotomized the aging HSC pool; stem cells presenting with highly abundant P-selectin were hallmarked by...

Longitudinal studies offer a unique opportunity to characterize individual human lifespan trajectories. While challenging, their added value can advance our understanding of neurodevelopment and mental health disorders, with the aim to optimize brain health and mental health.

No abstract

Frailty is an age-related geriatric syndrome. We performed a longitudinal study of aging female (n = 40) and male (n = 47) C57BL/6NIA mice, measured frailty index and derived metabolomics data from plasma. We identify age-related differentially abundant metabolites, determine frailty-related metabolites, and generate frailty features, both in the whole cohort and sex-stratified subgroups. Using the features, we perform an association study and build a metabolomics-based frailty clock. We find...

Recent research underscores the crucial role of hormone regulation in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and the therapeutic promise of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GH-RH) antagonists. BPH incidence in aging men doubled over three decades, driven by prostatic enlargement and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Aging-related changes in GH-RH and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) biology promote BPH through hormonal and inflammatory processes. Traditional therapies provide...

We show that T cells in survivors of childhood leukemia exhibit distinct profiles dominated by aging-associated changes and consistent with premature immune aging. Immune profiles during survivorship in biospecimens (n = 251) from uniformly-treated children with B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia recapitulate heterogeneity at diagnosis in individual patients and correlate with genetic-risk subtypes. These data suggest that pre-therapy immune aging may determine variance in immune status during...

Sensory impairments are common with aging, but studies examining the relationships of these impairments with DNA methylation-based biomarkers of aging, strong predictors of morbidity and mortality, remain sparse. We investigated whether subjective measures of sensory impairment are associated with epigenetic age biomarkers. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis in a representative sample of 2344 U.S. adults from the 1999-2000 and 2001-2002 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition...

The aim of this study is to explore the differences in cortical activation and gait performance during turning walking under cognitive dual-task conditions between young and older adults during cognitive-turning dual task walking, as well as variations in brain functional connectivity in this context. Seventeen young adults and seventeen older adults were included in the study. All participants completed two tasks: a figure-eight turning walk (single-task, ST) and a figure-eight turning walking...

β-Site amyloid precursor protein (APP)-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is the rate-limiting enzyme for amyloid-β (Aβ) generation and is considered promising drug target for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The co-chaperone BAG3 (Bcl-2-associated athanogene 3) plays an important role in maintaining intracellular protein homeostasis by regulating heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). Here, we reported that BAG3 expression was significantly elevated in AD. It interacted with and stabilized BACE1 by delaying its...

Despite not proliferating, senescent cells remain metabolically active to maintain the senescence program. However, the mechanisms behind this metabolic reprogramming are not well understood. We identify senescence-induced long noncoding RNA (sin-lncRNA), a previously uncharacterized long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), a key player in this response. While strongly activated in senescence by C/EBPβ, sin-lncRNA loss reinforces the senescence program by altering oxidative phosphorylation and rewiring...

Aging is a complex biological process that detrimentally affects the brain and cerebrovascular system, contributing to the pathogenesis of age-related diseases like vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). While cell-autonomous mechanisms that occur within cells, independent of external signals from neighboring cells or systemic factors, account for some aspects of aging, they cannot explain the entire aging process. Non-autonomous, paracrine and endocrine,...