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A surge in AI-generated text has been detected in papers across many disciplines since the release of ChatGPT

Sophisticated global networks are infiltrating journals to publish fake papers

High pulse wave velocity (PWV), a measure of increased arterial stiffness, is a risk factor for cerebrovascular disease. PWV can be estimated (ePWV) from age and blood pressure (BP). Elevated ePWV is associated with cerebral small-vessel disease, cognitive decline, and dementia risk in middle-aged and older adults. We examined data from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) Neuroscience Project to examine the association of ePWV with brain white matter microstructure. BP was measured in 132...

CONCLUSION: These findings highlight a critical transitional phase in kidney aging, where early senescence and oxidative stress emerge before functional decline. COX-2 may serve as a central mediator in this process, offering a potential therapeutic target for mitigating age-related renal dysfunction.

Recent developments in healthcare and scientific research have shifted the perception of ageing from a period of decline to recognising its potential for sustained functional ability, well-being, and societal contributions. In light of this perspective, a multidisciplinary panel of experts from five European countries conducted a narrative review of the literature. It convened for a one-day consensus meeting to identify key barriers, facilitators, and research priorities related to healthy...

Breast cancer risk is transiently increased in postpartum women, and this risk is prolonged in women whose first childbirth occurs after age 30. We observe elevated semaphorin 7a (SEMA7A) in tumor tissues from patients with breast cancer aged 31-39 diagnosed <10 years after childbirth. In the aged normal murine mammary gland, transforming growth factor β+ (TGF-β+) cells have increased levels of surface SEAM7A compared to the young. TGF-β1 induces SEMA7A expression in non-transformed mammary...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline, yet its epigenetic underpinnings remain elusive. Here, we generate and integrate single-cell epigenomic and transcriptomic profiles of 3.5 million cells from 384 postmortem brain samples across 6 regions in 111 AD and control individuals. We identify over 1 million candidate cis-regulatory elements (cCREs), organized into 123 regulatory modules across 67 cell subtypes. We define large-scale...

No abstract

Emerging gene-editing technologies, such as the CRISPR system, represent a potential pathway for precision medicine targeting the genetic and molecular causes of diseases. Second-generation CRISPR technologies, including base editing, prime editing, and engineered Cas variants, have improved fidelity and offer alternative strategies for precise gene correction, transcriptional repression or activation, and modulation of pathological pathways in neurodegeneration. These tools can correct...

Personality changes are a clinical criterion for dementia diagnosis, yet their progression across disease stages remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analyses examined change in the five major personality traits across the preclinical, transitional, and clinical dementia stages. We conducted pre-registered searches of three databases from their inception to November 2024. The standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95 % CIs were combined in random-effects meta-analyses. Prospective...

Skin ageing is a multifaceted process influenced by both intrinsic genetic factors and extrinsic environmental exposures. This review explores the genetic variants and molecular mechanisms underlying skin ageing phenotypes, while identifying gaps in current research to inform future studies. A systematic search of the Scopus and Web of Science databases was conducted, with articles screened based on criteria including a focus on human genetic association studies and indexing in either Scopus or...

Age-related declines in neuronal bioenergetic levels may limit vesicular trafficking and autophagic clearance of damaged organelles and proteins. Age-related ATP depletion would impact cognition dependent on ionic homeostasis, but limits on proteostasis powered by GTP are less clear. We used neurons isolated from aged 3xTg-AD Alzheimer's model mice and a novel genetically encoded fluorescent GTP sensor (GEVAL) to evaluate live GTP levels in situ. We report an age-dependent reduction in...

Human brains undergo considerable morphologic variation with age, a primary risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders. While aging often causes neurocognitive decline, its governing biological mechanisms remain unclear. These age-related brain microstructural changes may be quantified by advanced diffusion MRI (dMRI) with tissue-specific compartment modeling approach. This longitudinal study investigates age-related differences in hippocampal subfields vulnerable to early stages of Alzheimer's...