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Human brain organoids reveal new path for Alzheimer's drugs
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Choline alphoscerate: insights between acquired certainties and future perspectives
While mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a risk factor for dementia, it is currently impossible to predict which patients will go on to develop dementia or Alzheimer's disease. Given the projected global increase in dementia due to an increasingly aging population, there is an urgent need to develop pharmacological therapies to reduce symptoms of MCI, and to help delay its possible progression to dementia. Choline alphoscerate is a cholinergic precursor naturally found in the brain that has been...
Hippocampal vascular supply and its mediating role in systemic physiological influences on hippocampal volume
CONCLUSION: These findings highlight the role of vascular inflammation, autonomic dysfunction, and metabolic disturbances in hippocampal atrophy, with hippocampal vessel velocity serving as a key mediator. This insight advances our understanding of cerebrovascular contributions to hippocampal structural integrity and cognitive health.
Effect of aging on the visuomotor control during continuous bimanual movement
INTRODUCTION: Skilled bimanual coordination is an essential component of activities of daily living that relies on complex interactions between the limbs, yet how age-related changes impact asymmetries in visuomotor control during these tasks remains largely unknown. In the present study, we examined both motor performance and visual attention distribution in non-rhythmic continuous bimanual tasks and investigated the effect of aging.
Whole genome sequencing reveals telomere associated genomic differences between healthy and unhealthy aging in a Korean population
One of the major challenges in modern biogerontology is understanding the accumulation of molecular damage and the manifestation of phenotypic heterogeneity during aging. Notably, genomic instability caused by impaired DNA damage repair along with telomere attrition are primary drivers of aging. However, how these aging-related characteristics differ in individuals who age healthily without developing major age-associated diseases remains unclear. Here, whole genome sequencing (WGS) was...
Cellular and molecular functions of long noncoding RNAs in testis, aging and diseases
Reproductive aging is an emerging global health concern, projected to become the third most significant health issue in the near future, according to the World Health Organization. This complex process is driven by molecular and cellular changes, including alterations in DNA, RNA, and protein expression. Among non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been increasingly recognized for their regulatory roles in spermatogenesis and their potential contributions to aging and...
Laser-emitting aqueous bioreactors for ultrasensitive bioactivity analysis
Water droplets, acting as natural bioreactors and optical whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) resonators, hold the potential for laser-assisted analysis. However, water/aqueous droplet lasers can only survive in air with a limited lifespan (<100 s) due to rapid evaporation, restricting their applications in bioreactions. To address this challenge, we introduce laser-emitting aqueous bioreactors (LEABs) in fluorocarbon oils. These LEABs enable stable laser emission and extend a droplet lifespan over...
Coordinated actions of NLR-assembled and glutamate receptor-like calcium channels in plant effector-triggered immunity
The plant immune system utilizes nucleotide-binding/leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins to detect pathogen virulence factors (effectors) inside host cells and transduce recognition to rapid defense. In dicotyledenous plants, pathogen activated Toll-like/interleukin-1 receptor-containing NLRs (TNLs) establish a signaling network of enhanced susceptibility 1 (EDS1)-family dimers with RPW8-type coiled-coil (CC(R)) domain NLRs (RNLs) to stimulate transcriptional reprogramming leading to host cell...
Daily briefing: Primates might have evolved in the cold climate of North America
US Supreme Court allows NIH to cut $2 billion in research grants
How a fraudulent scientist faked his career and other cautionary tales: Books in brief
Does dark energy spawn from black holes? Could be a bright idea
Plasma tau biomarkers for biological staging of Alzheimer’s disease
Net zero needs AI — five actions to realize its promise
Glitch cop
RFK Jr demanded a vaccine study be retracted — the journal said no
International hunger watchdog faces political attacks over Gaza famine reports
Israeli government tries to discredit science underlying the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification
Deciphering context-specific gene programs from single-cell and spatial transcriptomics data with DeCEP
Functional gene programs play a wide range of roles in health and disease by orchestrating transcriptional coregulation to govern cell identity. Understanding these intricate gene programs is essential for unraveling the complexities of biological systems; however, deciphering them remains a significant challenge. Recent advancements in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST) technologies have empowered the comprehensive characterization of gene programs at both...
Midkine attenuates amyloid-β fibril assembly and plaque formation
Proteomic profiling of Alzheimer disease (AD) brains has identified numerous understudied proteins, including midkine (MDK), that are highly upregulated and correlated with amyloid-β (Aβ) from the early disease stage but their roles in disease progression are not fully understood. Here, we present that MDK attenuates Aβ assembly and influences amyloid formation in the 5xFAD amyloidosis mouse model. MDK protein mitigates fibril formation of both Aβ40 and Aβ42 peptides according to thioflavin T...
Soma-localized Rab39 inhibits synaptic autophagy by controlling trafficking of Atg9 vesicles
Presynaptic terminals can be located far from the neuronal cell body and are thought to independently regulate protein and organelle turnover. Autophagy is a critical process for maintaining proteostasis, and its synaptic dysregulation is associated with neurodegenerative diseases. In this work, we report a soma-centered mechanism that regulates autophagy-controlled protein turnover at distant presynaptic terminals in Drosophila. We show that a central component of this system is Rab39, whose...