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White matter lipid alterations during aging in the rhesus monkey brain
The brain of higher organisms, such as nonhuman primates, is particularly rich in lipids, with a gray to white matter ratio of approximately 40 to 60%. White matter primarily consists of lipids, and during normal aging, it undergoes significant degeneration due to myelin pathology, which includes structural abnormalities, like sheath splitting, and local inflammation. Cognitive decline in normal aging, without neurodegenerative diseases, is strongly linked to myelin pathology. Although the exact...
Aging disrupts locus coeruleus-driven norepinephrine transmission in the prefrontal cortex: Implications for cognitive and motor decline
The locus coeruleus (LC)-prefrontal cortex (PFC) circuitry is crucial for cognition, planning, posture and mobility. This study examines the role of norepinephrine (NE) in elucidating the neurobiological basis of age-related cognitive and motor declines. Aged mice exhibited reduced spatial learning, impaired memory, decreased physical endurance, and notable changes in locomotor behavior. The neurochemical foundations of these deficits were investigated through fast-scan cyclic voltammetry to...
Self-sustaining long-term 3D epithelioid cultures reveal drivers of clonal expansion in esophageal epithelium
Aging epithelia are colonized by somatic mutations, which are subjected to selection influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The lack of suitable culture systems has slowed the study of this and other long-term biological processes. Here, we describe epithelioids, a facile, cost-effective method of culturing multiple mouse and human epithelia. Esophageal epithelioids self-maintain without passaging for at least 1 year, maintaining a three-dimensional structure with proliferative basal...
The human heart shows signs of ageing after just a month in space
No abstract
Probabilistic inference of epigenetic age acceleration from cellular dynamics
The emergence of epigenetic predictors was a pivotal moment in geroscience, propelling the measurement and concept of biological aging into a quantitative era; however, while current epigenetic clocks show strong predictive power, they are data-driven in nature and are not based on the underlying biological mechanisms driving methylation dynamics. We show that predictions of these clocks are susceptible to several confounding non-age-related phenomena that make interpretation of these estimates...