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Causal associations and shared genetic etiology of neurodegenerative diseases with epigenetic aging and human longevity

1 year ago
The causative mechanisms underlying the genetic relationships of neurodegenerative diseases with epigenetic aging and human longevity remain obscure. We aimed to detect causal associations and shared genetic etiology of neurodegenerative diseases with epigenetic aging and human longevity. We obtained large-scale genome-wide association study summary statistics data for four measures of epigenetic age (GrimAge, PhenoAge, IEAA, and HannumAge) (N = 34,710), multivariate longevity (healthspan,...
Yu Guo

Oocytes maintain low ROS levels to support the dormancy of primordial follicles

1 year ago
Primordial follicles (PFs) function as the long-term reserve for female reproduction, remaining dormant in the ovaries and becoming progressively depleted with age. Oxidative stress plays an important role in promoting female reproductive senescence during aging, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we find that low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential for sustaining PF dormancy. Compared to growing follicles, oocytes within PFs were shown to be more susceptible...
Shaogang Qin

In vitro immuno-prevention of nitration/dysfunction of myogenic stem cell activator HGF, towards developing a strategy for age-related muscle atrophy

1 year ago
In response to peroxynitrite (ONOO^(-)) generation, myogenic stem satellite cell activator HGF (hepatocyte growth factor) undergoes nitration of tyrosine residues (Y198 and Y250) predominantly on fast IIa and IIx myofibers to lose its binding to the signaling receptor c-met, thereby disturbing muscle homeostasis during aging. Here we show that rat anti-HGF monoclonal antibody (mAb) 1H41C10, which was raised in-house against a synthetic peptide FTSNPEVR(nitro)Y(198)EV, a site well-conserved in...
Sakiho Tanaka

Effect of a cash transfer intervention on memory decline and dementia probability in older adults in rural South Africa

1 year ago
Evidence on cash transfers as a population-level intervention to support healthy cognitive aging in low-income settings is sparse. We assessed the effect of a cash transfer intervention on cognitive aging outcomes in older South African adults. We leveraged the overlap in the sampling frames of a Phase 3 randomized cash transfer trial [HIV Prevention Trial Network (HPTN) 068, 2011-2015] and an aging cohort [Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community (HAALSI),...
Molly Rosenberg

Structural brain correlates of sustained attention in healthy ageing: Cross-sectional findings from the LEISURE study

1 year ago
Sustained attention is important for maintaining cognitive function and autonomy during ageing, yet older people often show reductions in this domain. The role of the underlying neurobiology is not yet well understood, with most neuroimaging studies primarily focused on fMRI. Here, we utilise sMRI to investigate the relationships between age, structural brain volumes and sustained attention performance. Eighty-nine healthy older adults (50-84 years, M(age) 65.5 (SD=8.4) years, 74 f) underwent...
Ciara Treacy