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A review of the TGF-beta1 pathway in Alzheimer's disease and depression: Possible restoration potential of antidepressants

1 month ago
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, is increasing rapidly in prevalence, while Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), the most frequent psychiatric condition, continues to pose significant global healthcare challenges. Recent hypotheses suggest that AD and MDD might be interrelated, potentially sharing common pathophysiological mechanisms. One possible central link is the Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) pathway. Reduced TGF-β1 levels, a cytokine involved in...
Ioannidou Eleni

Osteoporosis

1 month ago
Osteoporotic fractures are one of the most common and consequential diseases of advanced ageing and many antifracture therapies are widely available but largely underused. This Seminar presents an updated approach to osteoporosis consultation, drawing upon published evidence and collaborative expert opinion to place the data in a pragmatic and useful context for clinicians. New evidence on osteoporosis screening recommendations, fracture-risk assessment, intervention decisions, nutrition-based...
Carrie Ye

A review of the TGF-β1 pathway in Alzheimer's disease and depression: Possible restoration potential of antidepressants

1 month ago
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, is increasing rapidly in prevalence, while Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), the most frequent psychiatric condition, continues to pose significant global healthcare challenges. Recent hypotheses suggest that AD and MDD might be interrelated, potentially sharing common pathophysiological mechanisms. One possible central link is the Transforming Growth Factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) pathway. Reduced TGF-β1 levels, a cytokine involved in...
Ioannidou Eleni

Selenium and brain aging: A comprehensive review with a focus on hippocampal neurogenesis

1 month ago
Brain aging is accompanied by progressive cognitive decline and increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases, with adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) playing a pivotal role in maintaining cognitive resilience. Selenium, an essential trace element, exerts significant neuroprotective and neurogenic effects predominantly through its incorporation into selenoproteins, which regulate oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and synaptic plasticity. This review synthesizes recent advances delineating...
Arian Daneshpour

Epigenetic Clocks as Biomarkers for Bone Aging: Evidence From a Twin Study

1 month ago
Osteoporosis is driven by skeletal aging and increases the risk of fragility fractures. Skeletal aging is influenced by epigenetic mechanisms; however, the link to the epigenetic clocks, that is, the suggested biomarkers of biological aging intensively studied within aging research, remains largely unexplored. We investigated the association of eight epigenetic clocks-Horvath, IEAA, Hannum, EEAA, PhenoAge, GrimAge, DunedinPoAm, DunedinPACE-and methylation-based telomere length (mTL) measured at...
Mette Soerensen

Regenerate to "Rejuvenate": Insights From Adult Resident Stem Cells of Aged Flatworms and Mice

1 month ago
Adult resident stem cells are capable of regenerating tissues that manifest signs of "rejuvenation" in flatworms and mice of older ages. These findings suggest potentially conserved regulatory mechanisms of adult resident stem cells from worms to mammals. Regenerative capacities are more limited in specific tissues and stem cell types of larger mammals. Understanding and harnessing the rejuvenating properties of resident adult stem cells in flatworms and mice could have broad therapeutic...
Kevin A Murach