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To address the challenges of an ageing population, it is important to promote health by identifying factors for healthy ageing. The aim of this study was to investigate the bidirectional association between physical activity (PA) and sleep in healthy Japanese super-seniors over the age of 80. For approximately 1 year, 124 participants wore wearable devices and answered daily lifestyle questionnaires. PA was defined as daily step count and minutes in light activity. Sleep was measured using 24-h...

Pneumococcal vaccination is crucial in preventing Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in older adults. However, vaccine responses often diminish with age. This study investigates serotype-specific IgM and IgG responses in relation to opsonophagocytic activity (OPA) following thirteen-valent pneumococcal conjugate (PCV13) vaccination in younger (26-49 y; n = 44), middle-aged (50-64 y; n = 71), and older adults (65-98 y; n = 141). Both OPA and IgM responses declined with age, while IgG responses...

Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide expressed in the nervous system and also in various peripheral tissues, including the musculoskeletal system. PACAP has an important function in the regulation of chondrogenesis and plays a protective role in cartilage oxidative and mechanical stress. PACAP knockout (KO) mice show early signs of aging and osteoarthritis in knee joint articular cartilage. Its specific, most potent receptor is the PAC1 receptor, the...

Neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, are often associated with mutations in stress granule proteins. Aberrant stress granule condensate formation is associated with disease, making it a potential target for pharmacological intervention. Here, we identified lipoamide, a small molecule that specifically prevents cytoplasmic condensation of stress granule proteins. Thermal proteome profiling showed that lipoamide stabilizes intrinsically disordered domain-containing...

Aging negatively impacts central nervous system function; however, there is limited information about the cellular impact of aging on peripheral nervous system function. Importantly, injury to vulnerable peripheral axons of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons results in somatosensory dysfunction, such as pain, at higher rates in aged individuals. Cellular senescence is common to both aging and injury and contributes to the aged pro-inflammatory environment. We discovered DRG neuron senescence in...

CONCLUSION: The integration of the MPI into multidisciplinary taking care of old patients with hip fractures may provide a structured approach for individualizing treatment decisions, considering aspects such as prognosis, functional autonomy, and cognitive status. Further studies are needed to validate the long-term outcomes of this approach.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, with a rapidly increasing prevalence worldwide. Biomarkers monitoring state and progression are urgently needed, and metabolomics from easily accessible biofluids holds the potential to elucidate pathophysiological underpinnings in PD. Several studies suggested metabolomic differences between patients and controls, but findings are controversial, and independent replication is scarce. We thus applied state-of-the-art,...

The abnormal accumulation of misfolded proteins is a common hallmark of many neurodegenerative disorders. Among these proteins, α-synuclein (αsyn) is a well-characterized pathogenic protein in Parkinson's disease (PD) and other synucleinopathies. αsyn can be hyperphosphorylated and form pathological aggregates, leading to neurodegeneration. Thus, chemical modulators of pathological αsyn may suppress its downstream toxicity and provide entry points to therapeutic intervention. Here, we identified...

As the Pacific Plate migrates over the mantle plume below Hawai'i, magma flux decreases, resulting in changes in eruptive volume, style, and composition. It is thought that melt storage becomes deeper and ephemeral with the transition from highly voluminous tholeiitic (shield stage) to the less voluminous alkaline (post-shield and rejuvenation stages) magmatism. To quantitatively test this, we applied high-precision fluid inclusion barometry via Raman spectroscopy to samples from representative...

CONCLUSIONS: Loss of drug subsidies after Medicaid disenrollment was associated with higher mortality among low-income Medicare beneficiaries. (Funded by the National Institute on Aging and others.).

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New immunosenescence targets for preventing senescence-associated pathological cardiac hypertrophy (SA-PCH) need to be explored. In the present study, with physiologically aged human and mouse samples, the IL-17A level increased with physiological aging, heart failure (HF), and SA-PCH and was negatively correlated with thymic Bmi-1 expression. Bmi-1^(f/f)LckCre^(+) mice and Bmi-1^(f/f) littermates were generated to determine whether Bmi-1 delayed T cell aging by maintaining thymic T cell...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative proteinopathy in which Aβ and tau misfold and aggregate into entities that structurally unsettle native proteins, mimicking a prion-like or "seeding" process. These Aβ and tau "seeds" can arrange in different conformations or strains that might display distinct pathogenic properties. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests that microglia play a key role in the amyloidogenic event and can modulate the propagation and aggregation processes....