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Microglia Single-Cell RNA-Seq Enables Robust and Applicable Markers of Biological Aging

5 months 2 weeks ago
"Biological aging clocks"-composite molecular markers thought to capture an individual's biological age-have been traditionally developed through bulk-level analyses of mixed cells and tissues. However, recent evidence highlights the importance of gaining single-cell-level insights into the aging process. Microglia are key immune cells in the brain shown to adapt functionally in aging and disease. Recent studies have generated single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets that...
Natalie Stanley

UTX (KDM6A) promotes differentiation noncatalytically in somatic self-renewing epithelia

5 months 2 weeks ago
The X-linked histone demethylase, UTX (KDM6A), is a master regulator of gene enhancers, though its role in self-renewing epithelia like the skin is not well understood. Here, we find that UTX is a key regulator of skin differentiation via the regulation of retinoic acid (RA) signaling, an essential metabolic pathway in both skin homeostasis, as well as in the treatment of an array of skin conditions ranging from cancer and acne to aging. Through deletion of Utx in the skin, we demonstrate direct...
Gina N Pacella

Amyloid-beta peptide toxicity in the aged brain is a one-way journey into Alzheimer's disease

5 months 2 weeks ago
Aging is the primary risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the aging brain shares many characteristics with the early stages of AD. This study investigates the interplay between aging and amyloid-beta (Aβ) induced pathology. We developed an AD-like in vivo model, using the stereotactic injection of Aβ(1-42) oligomers into the hippocampi of aged mice. Cognitive impairments were assessed using a Y maze. Immunohistochemical and protein analyses were conducted to evaluate neuronal survival,...
Georgia Culley

The Redox Activity of Protein Disulphide Isomerase Functions in Non-Homologous End-Joining Repair to Prevent DNA Damage

5 months 2 weeks ago
DNA damage is a serious threat to cellular viability, and it is implicated as the major cause of normal ageing. Hence, targeting DNA damage therapeutically may counteract age-related cellular dysfunction and disease, such as neurodegenerative conditions and cancer. Identifying novel DNA repair mechanisms therefore reveals new therapeutic interventions for multiple human diseases. In neurons, non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) is the only mechanism available to repair double-stranded DNA breaks...
Sina Shadfar

Admixture’s impact on Brazilian population evolution and health

5 months 2 weeks ago
Science, Volume 388, Issue 6748, May 2025.
Kelly Nunes, Marcos Araújo Castro e Silva, Maíra R. Rodrigues, Renan Barbosa Lemes, Patricio Pezo-Valderrama, Lilian Kimura, Lucas Schenatto de Sena, José Eduardo Krieger, Margareth Catoia Varela, Luiz Otávio de Azevedo, Luis Marcelo Aranha Camargo,…

Cryptic infection of a giant virus in a unicellular green alga

5 months 2 weeks ago
Science, Volume 388, Issue 6748, May 2025.
Maria P. Erazo-Garcia, Uri Sheyn, Zachary K. Barth, Rory J. Craig, Petronella Wessman, Abdeali M. Jivaji, W. Keith Ray, Maria Svensson-Coelho, Charlie K. Cornwallis, Karin Rengefors, Corina P. D. Brussaard, Mohammad Moniruzzaman, Frank O. Aylward