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Cortico-striatal action control inherent of opponent cognitive-motivational styles
Turning on cue or stopping at a red light requires attending to such cues to select action sequences, or suppress action, in accordance with learned cue-associated action rules. Cortico-striatal projections are an essential part of the brain's attention-motor interface. Glutamate-sensing microelectrode arrays were used to measure glutamate transients in the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) of male and female rats walking a treadmill and executing cued turns and stops. Prelimbic-DMS projections were...
Farm fertilizer could suck carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
New material that could be spread on fields locks up CO2 in minerals
Large-Scale Clustered Transcriptional Silencing Associated With Cellular Senescence
Senescence is a cell fate associated with age-related pathologies; however, senescence markers are not well-defined. Using single cell multi-isotope imaging mass spectrometry (MIMS), we identified hypercondensed, transcriptionally silent DNA globules in a senescence model induced by dysfunctional telomeres. This architectural phenomenon was associated with geographically clustered transcriptional repression across somatic chromosomes with over-representation of cell cycle genes....
Rejuvenating the gut: young plasma therapy improves cell proliferation, IGF-I and IGF-IR expression, and immune defense in aged male rats jejunum
It is well known that aging affects many systems in the body. The digestive system is one of the systems most affected by aging. In our study, we examined the effects of young plasma treatment on cell proliferation, growth factors, immune defense and histological parameters in the jejunum of aged male rats. For this purpose, aged male Sprague Dawley rats (24 months, n = 7) were treated with pooled plasma (0.5 ml/day, intravenously for 30 days) collected from young (5 weeks, n = 51) rats. Aged...
Plasma homocysteine level and trajectories in association with longitudinal increase in plasma neurofilament light among urban adults
We tested whether homocysteine (Hcy) was linked to longitudinal change in plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) overall and differentially across sex and race in a sample of middle-aged urban adults. We used data from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (HANDLS) study [n = 690, Age at visit 1 (v(1):2004-2009): 30-66y, 42.1% male, 55.4% African American] to evaluate relationships between NfL levels and both visit 1 Hcy (Hcy(v1)) and time-dependent Hcy...
Auditory steady state response can predict declining EF in healthy elderly individuals
CONCLUSION: Gamma-band ASSR characteristics are linked to early cognitive decline in middle-aged individuals, offering potential as biomarkers. However, the limited predictive accuracy of ML models emphasizes the need for further refinement to enhance their clinical applicability.