Aggregator

The term healthspan has been widely used in academic literature, technical reports and brochures, however, it is unclear if the same definitions and operationalizations for healthspan are being used. The objective of the systematic review (registration number CRD42023404872) was to summarize definitions of healthspan and their operationalization searching using four databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus. Out of 14,551 records, 207 records met the inclusion criteria and 187...

The human eye is a complex organ integral to visual perception, comprising multiple structures, including the retina, cornea, and lens. Vision loss affects over 2.2 billion individuals globally, with conditions such as age-related macular degeneration, cataracts, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy responsible for a majority of visual-impairing conditions. Recent research highlights the critical roles of microRNAs (miRNAs)-small non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation-in...

Non-neuronal glial cells in the brain, such as astrocytes, play essential roles in maintaining the functional integrity of neuronal cells. A growing body of evidence suggests that cellular senescence of astrocytes, characterized by loss of proliferative potential and secretion of neurotoxic cytokines, makes significant contribution to neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease and a wide range of other neurodegenerative diseases. This review discusses the beneficial effects of Δ133p53α, a natural p53...

Cognitive decline with aging is a complex process involving multiple brain regions and molecular mechanisms. While the role of the canonical protein degradation function of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) has been well studied in the context of aging and age-associated memory loss, the non-proteolytic functions of ubiquitin activity remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of lysine-63 (K63) polyubiquitination, the most abundant form of proteasome-independent...

CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: SPPB ≤11 points and CST ≥11.5 seconds more accurately identified the risk of incident IADL/BADL disability than previously recommended cutoff points. As both instruments were similar in predicting trajectories of incident disability, the CST may represent a more practical choice for clinical screening, given its simplicity and shorter administration time.

Prior research utilizing diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to examine cerebral white matter microstructural integrity among adults has established that increasing age is associated with poorer white matter health. While age effects on DTI measures of white matter integrity have been shown to vary in strength across different white matter tracts, tract-specific effects may be secondary to a global impact of age on white matter health. Furthermore, this global age effect could result in...

CONCLUSION: Across these experiments we show that the impact of aging on cognitive health is not unitary, in that aging negatively impacts the adaptation of motor actions independent of self-control.

CONCLUSION: Dependence in ADL, loneliness, and poor sleep quality are potential risk factors of depression for cognitive frailty in aging adults. Moreover, sleep quality was found to mediate the relationship between ADL dependence and depressive symptoms.

The enzyme arginase-II has an important role in cardiac aging, and blocking it could help hearts stay young longer.

Retrotransposons, multi-copy sequences that propagate via copy-and-paste mechanisms, occupy large portions of eukaryotic genomes. A great majority of their manifold copies remain silenced in somatic cells; nevertheless, some are transcribed, often in a tissue-specific manner, and a small fraction retains its ability to mobilize. While it is well characterized that retrotransposon sequences may provide cis-regulatory elements for neighboring genes, how their own expression and mobility are...

Remembering familiar versus novel stimuli is fundamental to survival, but it is compromised in several neurodegenerative disorders where aging is a key factor. Although the components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) have been suggested to be implicated in memory maintenance, the mechanistic and behavioral roles of ECM during the aging process remain unclear. Here, we employed an accelerated mouse model of aging to elucidate the causal link between ECM dynamics and recognition memory during...

Brain age has emerged as a powerful tool to understand neuroanatomical aging and its link to health outcomes like cognition. However, there remains a lack of studies investigating the rate of brain aging and its relationship to cognition. Furthermore, most brain age models are trained and tested on cross-sectional data from primarily Caucasian, adult participants. It is thus unclear how well these models generalize to non-Caucasian participants, especially children. Here, we tested a previously...