Aging & Longevity

CONCLUSION: Trained volunteers can effectively convey critical health and cultural messages, make informed decisions, and enhance the local population's access to primary healthcare. The results of this study demonstrate that the active aging educational intervention improved the knowledge and attitudes of health volunteers. Therefore, leveraging the potential of health volunteers to teach active aging can improve the health and well-being of the elderly population.

Due to proteostasis stress induced by aging or disease, misfolded proteins can form toxic intermediate species of aggregates and eventually mature into less toxic inclusion bodies (IBs). Here, using a yeast imaging-based screen, we identified 84 potential synphilin-1 (SY1) IB regulators and isolated the conserved sphingolipid metabolic components in the most enriched groups. Furthermore, we show that, in both yeast cells and mammalian cells, SY1 IBs are associated with mitochondria....

Several progeroid syndromes' causative mutations have been linked to epigenetic age acceleration as measured via several epigenetic clocks. At the same time, several protective variants have also been discovered that can reduce the risk of developing certain age-related disorders. However, the impact of these protective variants on epigenetic aging has not been well elucidated. Our research, which involved screening over 14,669 healthy individuals enrolled in the Qatar BioBank (QBB) and...

Longevity individuals have lower susceptibility to chronic hypoxia, inflammation, oxidative stress, and aging-related diseases. It has long been speculated that "rejuvenation molecules" exist in their blood to promote extended lifespan. We unexpectedly discovered that longevity individuals exhibit erythrocyte oxygen release function similar to young individuals, whereas most elderly show reduced oxygen release capacity. Untargeted erythrocyte metabolomics profiling revealed that longevity...

INTRODUCTION: Hippocampal glutamate (Glu) dysfunction is a pertinent indicator of neurodegeneration, yet mapping typical age-related changes in Glu has been challenging. Here, we use a 7T MRI approach, Glutamate Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (GluCEST), to measure bilateral hippocampal Glu in healthy old (HOA) and young (HYA) adults.

Increased life expectancy is associated with a higher risk of age-related diseases, which represent a major public health challenge. Animal models play a crucial role in aging research, enabling the study of diseases at the organism level and facilitating drug development and repurposing. Among these models, zebrafish stands out as an excellent in vivo system due to its unique characteristics. However, the longevity of zebrafish is a limitation for research, as it often takes too long to obtain...

The trade-off between reproduction and lifespan has been documented across a wide array of organisms, ranging from invertebrates to mammals. In malnourishing dietary conditions, inhibition of the reproductive processes generally extends the lifespan of females. However, the underlying mechanisms through which nutritional competition driven by reproduction accelerates aging remain poorly understood. Here, using female Drosophila melanogaster as a model, we show that among various dietary...

Age is an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease that increases the susceptibility of older adults to vascular intimal thickening, endothelial dysfunction, and thrombosis. However, the mechanism underlying vascular injury is not fully understood. In the present study, the effect of proprotein convertase subtilin-type kexin 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors on the senescent state of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and on senescent mice and lipopolysaccharides (LPS)...

We derive and test a CT-based biological age model for predicting longevity, using an automated pipeline of explainable AI algorithms that quantifies skeletal muscle, abdominal fat, aortic calcification, bone density, and solid abdominal organs. We apply these AI tools to abdominal CT scans from 123,281 adults (mean age, 53.6 years; 47% women; median follow-up, 5.3 years). The final weighted CT biomarker selection was based on the index of prediction accuracy. The CT model significantly...

Autophagic mechanisms that maintain nuclear envelope homoeostasis are bulwarks to ageing and disease. Here we define a quantitative and ultrastructural timeline of nuclear macroautophagy (nucleophagy) in yeast by leveraging four-dimensional lattice light sheet microscopy and correlative light and electron tomography. Nucleophagy begins with a rapid accumulation of the selective autophagy receptor Atg39 at the nuclear envelope and finishes in ~300 s with Atg39-cargo delivery to the vacuole....

Observational studies suggest a link between biological aging and adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs), but causal relationships remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between genetically predicted biological aging traits and APOs. Genetic summary statistics from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) of the IEU open GWAS, FinnGen, and meta-analysis were analyzed using Mendelian randomization (MR) to infer causality. Biological aging indicators included facial aging,...

Aging is a physiological/pathological process accompanied by progressive impairment of cellular function, leading to a variety of aging-related diseases. STAT3 is one of the core regulatory factors of aging. It is involved in body metabolism, development and senescence, cell apoptosis and so on. During the aging process, the changes of growth factors and cytokines will cause the activation of STAT3 to varying degrees, regulate the inflammatory pathways related to aging, regulate body...

Aging is a complex and heterogeneous biological process characterized by telomere attrition, genomic instability, mitochondrial dysfunction, and disruption in nutrient sensing. Besides contributing to the progression of cancer, metabolic disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases, these manifestations of aging also adversely affect organ function. It is crucial to understand these mechanisms and identify interventions to modulate them to promote healthy aging and prevent age-related diseases....

Aging is associated with a disruptive decline in gastrointestinal health leading to decreased duodenal cell proliferation ultimately affecting the digestive and absorptive capacity of intestines in all species. This study investigates the novel application of blood plasma therapy to enhance duodenal cell proliferation associated with aging. In the presented study, the effects of middle aged plasma therapy on the aged rat duodenum were investigated. For this purpose, using a randomized controlled...

Current deep-learning-based image-analysis solutions exhibit limitations in holistically capturing spatiotemporal cellular changes, particularly during aging. We present scCamAge, an advanced context-aware multimodal prediction engine that co-leverages image-based cellular spatiotemporal features at single-cell resolution alongside cellular morphometrics and aging-associated bioactivities such as genomic instability, mitochondrial dysfunction, vacuolar dynamics, reactive oxygen species levels,...

CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates that patterning potential decreases over time and aging imposes restrictions on preliminary neural patterning. These results emphasize the significance of patterning in the nervous system and the close relationship between patterning and fate determination, raising questions about the application of aged NSPCs in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

CONCLUSION: Urinary CX3CL1 levels correlate with the aging process and may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker for both amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Adults with Down syndrome are genetically predisposed to developing Alzheimer's disease after the age of 40. The cholinergic system, which is critical for cognitive functioning, is known to decline in Alzheimer's disease and although first investigated in individuals with Down syndrome 40 years ago, remains relatively understudied. Existing studies suggest individuals with Down syndrome have an intact cholinergic system at birth that declines through adulthood alongside the development of...

Recent discoveries have shown that systemic manipulation, such as parabiosis, blood exchange, and young plasma transfer, can counteract many hallmarks of aging. This rejuvenation effect has been attributed to circulatory factors produced by cells from both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic lineages. However, the specific involvement of bone marrow (BM) or hematopoietic cells in producing such factors and their effects on aging is still unclear. We developed a model of aged mice with...

In neurons, the quantities of mRNAs and proteins are traditionally assumed to be determined by functional, electrical or genetic factors. Yet, there may also be global, currently unknown computational rules that are valid across different molecular species inside a cell. Surprisingly, our results show that the energy for molecular turnover is a significant cellular expense, en par with spiking cost, and which requires energy-saving strategies. We show that the drive to save energy determines...