Aging & Longevity

CONCLUSION: The current investigation unveiled that PNI has emerged as an autonomous determinant for both short-and long-term mortality in older adults receiving CABG.

CONCLUSIONS: All VI measures predicted faster declines in SPPB. Older adults with VI may benefit from targeted intervention to prevent declines in mobility.

CONCLUSIONS: Despite inadequate knowledge and limited experience in frailty management, clinical nurses' attitudes towards frailty management were positive, indicating potential for improvement. The model was useful to explain practices in frailty management, thereby providing a theoretical basis for development of targeted training programs.

Geroscience has helped to usher in a new and exciting era of aging drug development and evaluation of novel and repurposed agents, as well as natural compounds purported to target one or more aging hallmarks. Among the latter, curcumin has long been pursued as a promising strategy but has failed to provide convincing evidence in human trials. Oral intake is the typical route of administration tested for the vast majority of gerotherapeutic candidates, including curcumin, but efficacy is...

Europe is experiencing a significant demographic shift, with aging populations posing economic and social challenges due to increased healthcare costs and a higher prevalence of age-related diseases. Hungary, in particular, faces these challenges acutely due to higher morbidity and mortality rates from a range of chronic age-related diseases and behavioral risk factors. Addressing these issues requires innovative approaches to promote healthy aging. Semmelweis University, the largest healthcare...

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We leverage a clinical trial (NCT04080804) that compared neoadjuvant anti-PD-1, anti-PD-1+CTLA-4, and anti-PD-1+LAG-3 therapies in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients. Combination therapies promote higher pathologic response rates versus monotherapy, and major pathologic response is associated with better survival. To address whether successful immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) regimens act through similar or distinct pathways, we robustly and longitudinally characterize...

White-matter diseases like multiple sclerosis begin in young adulthood. Aging, being a risk factor, contributes to the progression of these diseases and makes neurological disabilities worsen. Aging causes white matter alteration due to myelin loss, axonal degeneration, and hyperintensities, resulting in cognitive impairment and neurological disorders. Aging also negatively affects central nervous system resident glial cells and peripheral immune cells, contributing to myelin degeneration and...

Neuroinflammaging is the nervous system version of inflammaging, the low-grade inflammation that develops with advanced age, aside from active disease or infection. Despite neuroinflammaging has been widely investigated, some important issues still need to be resolved such as the analysis of the extremely old subjects and the evaluation of specific brain areas. On this background, we conducted a study to analyze expression of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory genes in Wistar rats of different...

The orexinergic system is anatomically and functionally conserved in almost all vertebrates, and the role in healthy ageing and age-associated diseases has been studied in mammals. Here, we review the main findings on the age-related regulation of orexinergic system in mammals, including human patients and highlights how the fish Nothobranchius furzeri serves as an exceptional model to spearhead research and unravel the intricate mechanisms underlying orexinergic regulation during ageing. The...

To check whether the reported waves of age-dependent changes in multiomics patterns in humans influence age-specific mortality, life-table aging rate (LAR) trajectories derived from Human Morality Database (HMD) data were modeled based on assumptions inherent in a generalized Gompertz-Makeham Law (gGML). The gGML implies that any changes in resistance to causes of death (CoD) and in exposure to CoD are translated into changes in mortality in an exponential and a linear way, respectively....

Aged-related cognitive impairments are associated with molecular neurodegenerations and impeded neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the damaged hippocampus. Neurogenesis requires activated cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) pathway to enhance neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, cognition, learning and memory. Current research has reported that consecutive administration of D-galactose can accelerate brain aging by inducing oxidation and inflammation. The flavonoid...

Aging is a major risk factor for disease, and developing effective pharmaceutical interventions to improve healthspan and promote longevity has become a high priority for society. One of the molecular pathways related to longevity in various model organisms revolves around lowering AKT1 levels. This prompted our in silico drug screen for small molecules capable of mimicking the transcriptional effects of AKT1 knockdown. We found topoisomerase inhibitors as a top candidate longevity-drug class....

Aging involves the progressive accumulation of cellular damage, leading to systemic decline and age-related diseases. Despite advances in medicine, accurately predicting biological age (BA) remains challenging due to the complexity of aging processes and the limitations of current models. This study introduces a method for predicting BA using a deep neural network (DNN) based on pathways of steroidogenesis. We analyzed 22 steroids from 148 serum samples of individuals aged 20 to 73, using 98...

Senescent cells (SnCs) accumulate because of aging and external cellular stress throughout the body. They adopt a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and release inflammatory and degenerative factors that actively contribute to age-related diseases, such as low back pain (LBP). The senolytics, o-vanillin and RG-7112, remove SnCs in human intervertebral discs (IVDs) and reduce SASP release, but it is unknown whether they can treat LBP. sparc^(-/-) mice, with LBP, were treated orally...

Aging is accompanied by changes in the level of neurometabolites. However, their role in vital behavioral functions is still unclear. We aimed to explore the impact of aging on the neurochemical mechanisms underlying action selection. Young (YA) (n = 25) and older adults (OA) (n = 26) performed a simple (SRT) and a choice (CRT) reaction time tasks. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy was utilized to track task-induced modulations in GABA and glutamate in the sensorimotor cortex (SM1) and...

The Human BioMolecular Atlas Program (HuBMAP) aims to construct a 3D Human Reference Atlas (HRA) of the healthy adult body. Experts from 20+ consortia collaborate to develop a Common Coordinate Framework (CCF), knowledge graphs and tools that describe the multiscale structure of the human body (from organs and tissues down to cells, genes and biomarkers) and to use the HRA to characterize changes that occur with aging, disease and other perturbations. HRA v.2.0 covers 4,499 unique anatomical...

The lymphatic vasculature plays essential roles in fluid balance, immunity, and lipid transport. Chronic, low-grade inflammation in peripheral tissues develops when lymphatic structure or function is impaired, as observed during aging. While aging has been associated with a broad range of heart pathophysiology, its effect on cardiac lymphatic vasculature has not been characterized. Here, we analyzed cardiac lymphatics in aged 20-month-old mice versus young 2-month-old mice. Aged hearts showed...

Polypharmacy is common among older adults and has been linked to adverse outcomes such as dementia, Parkinson's disease (PD), and mortality. However, its influence on transitions between these health states remains understudied in large, population-based cohorts. Using data from 361,970 UK Biobank participants aged 50 and older with up to 15 years of follow-up, we examined the association between polypharmacy, defined as the use of five or more medications, and transitions between health states:...