Aging & Longevity

The 18S rRNA methyltransferase DIMT-1 regulates lifespan in the germline later in life

2 months 3 weeks ago
Specialized ribosomes help determine which proteins are synthesized, however, the influence of age on ribosome heterogeneity and whether dysregulation of this process drives organismal aging is unknown. Here we examined the role of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) methylation in maintaining appropriate translation as organisms age. In a directed RNAi screen, we identified 18S rRNA N6'-dimethyl adenosine (m^(6,2)A) methyltransferase, dimt-1, as a regulator of C. elegans lifespan and stress resistance. We...
M Hafiz Rothi

Reevaluating the role of education on cognitive decline and brain aging in longitudinal cohorts across 33 Western countries

2 months 3 weeks ago
Why education is linked to higher cognitive function in aging is fiercely debated. Leading theories propose that education reduces brain decline in aging and enhances tolerance to brain pathology or that it does not affect cognitive decline but, rather, reflects higher early-life cognitive function. To test these theories, we analyzed 407,356 episodic memory scores from 170,795 participants older than 50 years, alongside 15,157 brain magnetic resonance imaging scans from 6,472 participants...
Anders M Fjell

Peak oxygen uptake in older adults with heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2 months 3 weeks ago
Reduced peak oxygen uptake (V̇O₂peak) is a hallmark of heart failure (HF) and aging, but studies on V̇O₂peak in older HF patients are limited. We compared V̇O₂peak in older HF patients versus controls and investigated differences across the age continuum: young-old (YO, 60-69 years), middle-old (MO, 70-79 years), and oldest-old (OO, ≥ 80 years). PubMed was searched (1967 May 2024) for studies meeting the following inclusion criteria: (1) HF patients with mean age ≥ 65 years; (2) V̇O₂peak...
Veronika Schmid

Dual-channel mechanism of groove music fused with Tai Chi to improve cognitive-emotional abilities in older adults based on a coupled fNIRS-EMG analysis: a randomized controlled study

2 months 3 weeks ago
This study aimed to investigate the dual-pathway mechanisms underlying cognitive-emotional integration in older adults through a 12-week randomized controlled trial. Specifically, it explored how groove music-integrated Tai Chi (GOTC) modulates cognitive and emotional processes compared to conventional music-based Tai Chi (COTC) and a control group (CON), using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and surface electromyography (sEMG) to assess prefrontal connectivity and neuromuscular...
Haojie Li

Methylation array signals are predictive of chronological age without bisulfite conversion

2 months 3 weeks ago
DNA methylation data has been used to make "epigenetic clocks" which attempt to measure chronological and biological aging. These models rely on data derived from bisulfite-based measurements, which exploit a semi-selective deamination and a genomic reference to determine methylation states. We found that non-methylation factors lead to "pseudomethylation" signals that are both confounding of epigenetic clocks and uniquely age predictive. We also failed to predict age using human genotyping...
Hunter L Porter

Comparison of the efficacy of laparoscopic primary closure of the common bile duct and T-tube drainage in the treatment of choledocholithiasis in elderly patients

2 months 3 weeks ago
CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic primary suture of the common bile duct avoids some complications associated with T-tube drainage and offers advantages such as less trauma, faster recovery, and shorter hospital stay. For elderly patients with clear indications, this surgical method is a safe and feasible option.
Xiaofan Hua

Association of health promotion behaviors with frailty in Chinese middle-aged and older adults: a cross-sectional study

2 months 3 weeks ago
CONCLUSION: Multidimensional health promotion behaviors are critical factors in the frailty status of Chinese middle-aged and older adults, and there are gender differences in the age-dependent trends in the levels of health promotion behaviors among them with different frailty states. This informs the provision of targeted prevention and intervention services for middle-aged and older adults.
Yifei Chen

Optimal exercise interventions for enhancing cognitive function in older adults: a network meta-analysis

2 months 3 weeks ago
Background: Cognitive decline poses a significant challenge to healthy aging. While exercise is widely recognized for its cognitive benefits, the comparative efficacy of different exercise modalities and optimal intervention protocols for specific cognitive domains in older adults remains unclear. Objective: This network meta-analysis aimed to systematically compare the effects of five exercise modalities-resistance training, aerobic exercise, mind-body exercise, multicomponent exercise, and...
Han Han

Association between dynapenic abdominal obesity and mild cognitive impairment among middle-aged and older community-dwelling adults

2 months 3 weeks ago
CONCLUSIONS: Among community-dwellers in six LMICs, DAO was significantly associated with MCI among middle-aged individuals, but not among older people. However, it is important to note that the study was cross-sectional in nature, and thus, it is not known whether DAO leads to MCI or vice versa. Therefore, future longitudinal studies are necessary to clarify temporal associations and possible causality.
Lee Smith

Ultra-processed foods, biological ageing, and all-cause mortality risk: a prospective cohort study using 172,225 participants from UK Biobank

2 months 3 weeks ago
Ultra-processed foods (UPF) are increasingly linked to negative health outcomes, including chronic diseases and mortality. Recent evidence suggests that UPF may accelerate biological ageing, potentially explaining their harmful effects. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate associations between UPF intake categories and mortality risk, examining biological ageing's mediating and modifying effects. We used a prospective cohort design including 172,225 participants in the UK Biobank who...
Yifan Wang

Cellular senescence-from solid organs to vascularized composite allotransplants

2 months 3 weeks ago
Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) has emerged as a novel therapy approach to restore form and function in patients with severe tissue defects of the face, hand, and abdominal wall, among other anatomical regions. The composite allografts comprise different tissues such as skin, muscle, or bone. Clinical data demonstrate promising mid- and long-term outcomes following VCA surgery, but our understanding of the cellular interactions and molecular pathways in VCA surgery is oftentimes...
Leonard Knoedler

Weight of time: exploring the link between obesity and aging

2 months 3 weeks ago
Obesity and aging are interrelated public health concerns, with growing prevalence, especially as global demographics shift toward an older population. This narrative review explores the mechanisms through which obesity accelerates the aging process, focusing on major aging pathways affected by obesity, including deregulated nutrient sensing, telomeres attrition, epigenetic alterations, mitochondrial dysfunction, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communication. Evidence suggests...
Francesco Saverio Ragusa

Larval diapause slows adult epigenetic aging in an insect model, Nasonia vitripennis

2 months 3 weeks ago
Epigenetic clocks based on DNA methylation provide robust biomarkers of biological age, yet the mechanistic basis and functional significance of slowing these clocks remain unclear. Progress has been limited by the lack of short-lived, genetically tractable model organisms with functional DNA methylation systems. The jewel wasp, Nasonia vitripennis, offers a unique solution. It combines a functional DNA methylation system with a short lifespan and established tools for experimental manipulation....
Erin E B Foley

SARS-CoV-2 uptake and inflammatory response in senescent endothelial cells are regulated by the BSG/VEGFR2 pathway

2 months 3 weeks ago
Aging is a risk factor for severe COVID-19, characterized by vascular endothelial dysfunction. Although possible susceptibility of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) to SARS-CoV-2 infection has been suggested, the details of entry into cells have not been clarified. Previously, we reported that in an aged mouse model of severe COVID-19, ECs show a massive viral uptake and inflammatory response. Here, we focused on the endocytic capacity of senescent ECs. We found that the senescent ECs showed high...
Yuya Sakurai

Reinstating memories' temporal context at encoding causes Sisyphus-like memory rejuvenation

2 months 3 weeks ago
As memories age, their immediate retrievability decreases albeit, due to ongoing memory consolidation, their future rate of forgetting weakens. Here, we show in two experiments (N = 1.216 participants) that mentally traveling back in time to older memories' temporal context at encoding reverses the two effects and makes the memories similar again to how they were at an earlier point in time. Mental time travel increased both the memories' immediate retrievability and their future rate of...
Karl-Heinz T Bäuml

Alterations in mitochondria and cellular senescence in aged sEH null female kidneys

2 months 3 weeks ago
Age-related structural and functional deterioration of the kidneys is common among elderly individuals and contributes to increased mortality and morbidity. Mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular senescence are two hallmarks of aging that drive a progressional renal decline; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms and endogenous regulators behind these processes remain incompletely understood. The metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids by CYP450 enzymes produces numerous bioactive lipid...
Ala Yousef

Single-Cell Sequencing Reveals That CD4(+) T Cells Eliminate Senescent Prostate Epithelium to Delay Progression of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

2 months 3 weeks ago
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an age-related condition characterized by progressive prostate enlargement driven in part by the accumulation of senescent epithelial cells and their pro-inflammatory secretome. Using human single-cell RNA sequencing and laser capture microdissection, we identified C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 13 (CXCL13) as a key chemokine secreted by senescent prostate epithelial cells. CXCL13 recruits CD4^(+) T cells via the C-X-C Chemokine Receptor Type 5 (CXCR5)...
Zheng Li

The Effect of Aging at Moderate Altitude on Cognition and Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety

2 months 3 weeks ago
Background Minor and major neurocognitive disorders, depression, and anxiety are common in older adults. The brain and specifically the aging brain, relies heavily on oxygen and is highly sensitive to reductions in oxygen availability. Hypoxia occurs during both acute and prolonged exposure to altitude. While the negative effects of very low oxygen levels at high altitudes (above 3500 m) on cognition and symptoms of depression as well as anxiety are well-documented, we propose that moderate...
Katharina Hüfner
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