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Aging is associated with metabolic dysfunction and cardiovascular abnormalities. Defective nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD^(+)) biosynthesis correlates with aging and aging-associated complications. However, the precise molecular mechanisms linking aging-associated NAD^(+) deficiency to cardiometabolic dysfunction remain unclear. Herein, we examined whether nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), a key enzyme in NAD^(+) biosynthesis, influences vascular endothelial function and...

Senescent cells are known to contribute to aging and age-related diseases. One key way they influence aging is by secreting senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors along with several damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecules. Consequently, inhibiting SASP and DAMP signaling (senomorphics) has emerged as a therapeutic strategy. Urolithin A (UA), a gut-derived metabolite produced from ellagitannins and ellagic acid found in berries, nuts, and pomegranates, has...

Polycomb group (PcG) proteins form chromatin modifying complexes that stably repress lineage- or context-specific genes in animals, plants, and some fungi. Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) catalyzes trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3) to assemble repressive chromatin. In the model fungus Neurospora crassa, H3K27me3 deposition is regulated by the H3K36 methyltransferase ASH1 and components of constitutive heterochromatin including the H3K9me3-binding protein HETEROCHROMATIN...

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CONCLUSIONS: CPIC Level A pharmacogenetic biomarkers are prevalent in Chinese older adults, with over 40% exposed to actionable gene-drug pairs and 36.5% requiring dose adjustments. These findings highlight the clinical imperative to integrate pharmacogenetic testing into geriatric care, prioritize CYP2C19 and SLCO1B1 testing, and develop region-specific guidelines to mitigate polypharmacy risks. Policymakers and clinicians should consider targeted implementation strategies to optimize...

The concept of resilience can be used to explain why there are differences in the degree to which the brain functions of different individuals are impaired due to aging and pathological factors associated with neurodegenerative diseases. It encompasses cognitive reserve, brain reserve, and brain maintenance. Long-term research has identified a default mode network (DMN) related to cognitive reserve. This mode can modulate the negative impact of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathological burden on...

In the context of increasing life expectancy, a higher prevalence of age-related chronic diseases is becoming more common in the health landscape, many of which are closely linked to insufficient physical exercise during lifespan. On the other hand, aging is also associated with damage to various molecules, including DNA, by reactive oxygen species. Given that both senescence and muscle mass loss are intimately linked to increased levels of DNA damage and deterioration of antioxidant defense,...

Farmers and supporters—including RFK Jr. and Dr. Oz—urge government to spare birds that survived H5N1 outbreak

Two recent studies shine light on the earliest known artistic usages of blue pigment