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Hydrodynamic moiré superlattice

6 months 2 weeks ago
Science, Volume 386, Issue 6728, Page 1377-1383, December 2024.
Guoqiang Xu, Xue Zhou, Weijin Chen, Guangwei Hu, Zhiyuan Yan, Zhipeng Li, Shuihua Yang, Cheng-Wei Qiu



Upregulated excitatory amino acid transporter 1 (EAAT1) expression in the human medial temporal lobe in Alzheimer's disease

6 months 2 weeks ago
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a growing health problem worldwide, particularly in the developed world due to an ageing population. Glutamate excitotoxicity plays a major role in the pathophysiology of AD, and glutamate re-uptake is controlled by excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs). The EAAT2 isoform is the predominant transporter involved in glutamate reuptake, therefore EAAT1 has not been the focus of AD research. We investigated the layer-specific expression of EAAT1 in human medial...
Oliver W G Wood

Mitochondria-targeted oligomeric alpha-synuclein induces TOM40 degradation and mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism-dementia of Guam

6 months 2 weeks ago
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a central aspect of Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology, yet the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This study investigates the link between α-Synuclein (α-Syn) pathology and the loss of translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane 40 (TOM40), unraveling its implications for mitochondrial dysfunctions in neurons. We discovered that TOM40 protein depletion occurs in the brains of patients with Guam Parkinsonism-Dementia (Guam PD) and cultured neurons...
Velmarini Vasquez

Expression of group II mGluRs in the inferior colliculus, medial geniculate body, and auditory cortex increases with age

6 months 2 weeks ago
Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are widely expressed throughout the central nervous system. They are linked to G-protein coupled receptors and are known to modulate synaptic transmission. The data regarding their expression in auditory structures are not systematic and mainly originate from physiological studies where expression was used to support physiological findings. MGluRs are classified into three groups based on their sequence homology, G protein-coupling, and ligand...
Inga Kristaponyte

Upregulated excitatory amino acid transporter 1 (EAAT1) expression in the human medial temporal lobe in Alzheimer's disease

6 months 2 weeks ago
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a growing health problem worldwide, particularly in the developed world due to an ageing population. Glutamate excitotoxicity plays a major role in the pathophysiology of AD, and glutamate re-uptake is controlled by excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs). The EAAT2 isoform is the predominant transporter involved in glutamate reuptake, therefore EAAT1 has not been the focus of AD research. We investigated the layer-specific expression of EAAT1 in human medial...
Oliver W G Wood

Dietary phytochemicals alleviate the premature skin aging: A comprehensive review

6 months 2 weeks ago
Skin aging, often called as premature skin aging, is the hastened deterioration of the skin resulting from multiple factors, including UV radiation, environmental contaminants, inadequate nutrition, stress, etc. Dietary phytochemicals, present in fruits, vegetables, and other plant-derived meals, have gained interest due to their efficiency to eradicate free radicals and lowering the release of inflammatory mediators which accounts for premature skin aging. Several dietary phytochemicals, i.e.,...
Harpreet Singh

Blocking autophagosome closure manifests the roles of mammalian Atg8-family proteins in phagophore formation and expansion during nutrient starvation

6 months 2 weeks ago
Macroautophagy/autophagy, an evolutionarily conserved cellular degradation pathway, involves phagophores that sequester cytoplasmic constituents and mature into autophagosomes for subsequent lysosomal delivery. The ATG8 gene family, comprising the MAP1LC3/LC3 and GABARAP/GBR subfamilies in mammals, encodes ubiquitin-like proteins that are conjugated to phagophore membranes during autophagosome biogenesis. A central question in the field is how Atg8-family proteins are precisely involved in...
Van Bui

Biomarkers of cellular senescence and major health outcomes in older adults

6 months 2 weeks ago
The geroscience hypothesis proposes that underlying biological processes, such as the accumulation of senescent cells, have deleterious effects on multiple tissues and increase the risk of many chronic conditions with aging. Senescent cells produce heterogenous biomarkers, also called senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Circulating concentrations of senescence biomarkers may reflect an underlying burden of senescent cells in various tissues. Plasma levels of these proteins have...
Steven R Cummings