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Age-related motor decline is influenced not only by muscle atrophy but also by deterioration of the neuromuscular system. However, the effects of aging and disuse on spinal motor neuron (MN) plasticity remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined how short-term hindlimb unloading (HU)-a disuse model-affects neuromuscular junction (NMJ) integrity and spinal motor neuron (MN) synaptic inputs in young (3 months) and aged (22 months) mice. We also assessed whether TRPM8-mediated skin cooling...

This study highlights the underexplored differences in the prevalence and distribution of noncommunicable disease (NCD) risk factors among Hindu, Muslim, Christian, and Sikh Indian adults aged 45 and older. Using nationally representative data from 54,601 participants in the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (2017-2018), we investigated nine NCD risk factors by sex: hypertension, abdominal adiposity, diabetes, tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, poor sleep hygiene,...

While neuroinflammation is an established response to both weight gain and aging, the hypothalamic neuroinflammatory early response to weight loss (WL) remains unknown, particularly in mid-age. Here, we questioned whether WL-induced rapid restoration of normoglycemia is mediated by the resolution of hypothalamic microgliosis in mid-aged mice. Mid-aged (1 year) mice were fed normal chow (NC) or a high-fat diet (HFD, 8 weeks), and WL was induced by a 2-week switch back to NC. Key findings were...

APOE4 is the primary risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD). Early AD pathological events first affect the neuronal endolysosomal system, which in turn causes neuronal protein aggregation and cell death. Despite the crucial influence of lysosomes upon AD pathophysiology, and that APOE4 localizes to lysosomes, the influence of APOE4 on lysosomal function remains unexplored. We find that expression of APOE4 in neuronal cell lines results in lysosomal alkalinization and impaired lysosomal function....

Analysis of thousands of fossils pushes back change in beetles’ diets by more than 37 million years

Electrostatic charges may help roundworms infect a wide variety of hosts

Listing could affect availability for biomedical studies

Oldest known sea turtle soft tissues could help reveal how a variety of vertebrates adapted to ocean living

Tetsuro Matsuzawa agreed to pay Kyoto University $219,000 to end legal dispute

An important hallmark of aging is the loss of proteostasis, which can lead to the formation of protein aggregates and mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons. Although it is well known that protein synthesis is finely regulated in the brain, especially at synapses, where mRNAs are locally translated in an activity-dependent manner, little is known as to the changes in the synaptic proteome and transcriptome during aging. Therefore, this work aims to elucidate the relationship between the...

Redox signaling is a key mechanism of exercise-induced adaptation. However, studies have demonstrated impaired responses to acute exercise in older organisms. Adjunctive therapies to augment exercise effects may overcome these deficits. Sulforaphane (SFN), a phytochemical from cruciferous vegetables, stimulates NRF2. This study tested the hypothesis that combining acute exercise (in vivo stimulus) with ex vivo SFN treatment would induce greater NRF2 activation and signaling in older adults...