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Elucidating the impact of aging on the structure and function of neurons is key to understanding the mechanisms underlying synaptic dysfunction and ensuing susceptibility to age-related cognitive decline. The role of structural alterations in the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) has been extensively addressed. In addition, numerous studies point to the importance of inflammation and the increase of oxidative stress during aging, with mitochondria as one of the key cellular organelles involved....

Glycation, the nonenzymatic attachment of reactive dicarbonyls to proteins, lipids, or nucleic acids, contributes to the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). In Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyloid-beta (Aβ) undergoes posttranslational glycation to produce glycated Aβ (gAβ), yet its pathological role remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that gAβ promotes neuronal mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) efflux via a VDAC1-dependent mechanism, activating the innate immune cGAS-STING...

Alpha-Synuclein (αSyn) plays a central role in Parkinson's disease (PD), and the p.A53T mutation causes an early-onset familial form of PD with severe manifestations. While its effects on neurons are well studied, its consequences on astrocytes and astrocytic contribution to PD pathology are understudied. Here, we differentiated patient-derived p.A53T-αSyn induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) to ventral midbrain astrocytes and characterized them via comprehensive molecular, functional, and...

Scientists capture a unique—and gruesome—example of matricide in the animal kingdom

Humanitarian emergencies, including wars, forced displacements, sudden onset disasters, and pandemics, disproportionately affect older persons. This scoping review aims to map and synthesise existing studies on the care needs of older persons in such contexts, emphasising needs directly reported by the older persons themselves. A literature search was conducted on PubMed and EMBASE, focusing on qualitative studies that reported care needs of older persons in the context of humanitarian crises....

Despite the long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE1, L1) retrotransposons having been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD), a fundamental understanding of the AD-specific lifespan-long trajectory of L1 has been limited. Here, we characterize the content and expression of L1 covering four brain regions (hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, cerebellum, and the rest of brain tissue) of APP/PS1 mice, a murine model of AD, and their wild-type C57BL/6 littermates from 3 to 24 months of age. We report...

Ovarian aging is a complex process that compromises fertility and elevates the risk of reproductive disorders. To elucidate its spatiotemporal dynamics, we integrated single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to construct a comprehensive aging atlas of 12 human ovarian tissues spanning ages 12-54 (prepubertal, age 12, n = 1; young, ages 23-29, n = 4; middle-aged, ages 32-34, n = 2; and older-aged, ages 42-54, n = 5). Our analysis revealed aging-related transcriptomic shifts,...

Despite the long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE1, L1) retrotransposons having been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD), a fundamental understanding of the AD-specific lifespan-long trajectory of L1 has been limited. Here, we characterize the content and expression of L1 covering four brain regions (hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, cerebellum, and the rest of brain tissue) of APP/PS1 mice, a murine model of AD, and their wild-type C57BL/6 littermates from 3 to 24 months of age. We report...

Find could revolutionize search for early life on our planet and elsewhere in the cosmos

The objective of the study was to evaluate the relationship of plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-MRS) markers, and their association with cognitive function across the early stages of the AD continuum. Determining these associations may clarify the AD-related biological pathways and support the development of integrated AD blood and ¹H-MRS biomarkers for early detection of these pathways. Fifty-five older adults (40 cognitively...

Depression is a known risk factor for dementia and MCI, but its associations with AT(N) biomarkers remain inconsistent and may differ by cognitive status. We cross-sectionally studied 2929 dementia-free participants from the Health & Aging Brain Study-Health Disparities (HABS-HD). Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was identified as having cognitive complaints, Clinical Dementia Rating scores between 0.5 and 2.0, and at least one cognitive test ≤ 1.5 SD below norms. We defined AT (N) with plasma...