Aging & Longevity

Intervertebral disk degeneration (IDD) is a common age-related degenerative disease of the spine that imposes a substantial economic burden on both families and society. Despite substantial advances in understanding the mechanisms underlying IDD, effective therapeutic interventions for its treatment and prevention remain elusive. Our previous study identified a positive correlation between IDD severity and bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) expression. However, the multifaceted role of BRD4...

Accumulated senescent cells during the aging process are a key driver of functional decline and age-related disorders. Here, we identify ganoderic acid A (GAA) as a potent anti-senescent compound with low toxicity and favorable drug properties through high-content screening. GAA, a major natural component of Ganoderma lucidum, possesses broad-spectrum geroprotective activity across various species. In C. elegans, GAA treatment extends lifespan and healthspan as effectively as rapamycin....

Phytopathogens such as Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) induce pigment retention at pathogen infection sites. Although pigment retention is commonly observed in diverse pathosystems, its underlying physiological mechanism remains largely unclear. Herein, we identify and characterize a wheat leaf senescence gene, TaSGR1, which enhances resistance against Pst by promoting leaf senescence and H(2)O(2) accumulation while inhibiting photosynthesis. Knockout of TaSGR1 (STAYGREEN) in wheat...

Maintenance of genome integrity is paramount to molecular programs in multicellular organisms. Throughout the lifespan, various endogenous and environmental factors pose persistent threats to the genome, which can result in DNA damage. Understanding the functional consequences of DNA damage requires investigating their preferred genomic distributions and influences on gene regulatory programs. However, such analysis is hindered by both the complex cell-type compositions within organs and the...

As the global population ages, it is critical to identify diets that, beyond preventing noncommunicable diseases, optimally promote healthy aging. Here, using longitudinal questionnaire data from the Nurses' Health Study (1986-2016) and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (1986-2016), we examined the association of long-term adherence to eight dietary patterns and ultraprocessed food consumption with healthy aging, as assessed according to measures of cognitive, physical and mental health,...

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CONCLUSION: As of 2021, the ASIR(per 100,000) of myocarditis in the elderly population showed a decline compared to 1992; however, a recent upward trend has been identified. Considering ongoing population growth, the number of myocarditis cases among the elderly is anticipated to increase.

Aging is reflected by genome-wide DNA methylation changes, which form the basis of epigenetic clocks, but it is largely unclear how these epigenetic modifications are regulated and whether they directly affect the aging process. In this study, we performed epigenetic editing at age-associated CpG sites to explore the consequences of interfering with epigenetic clocks. CRISPR-guided editing targeted at individual age-related CpGs evoked genome-wide bystander effects, which were highly...

CONCLUSION: As the prevalence of older adults with T2DM is expected to rise in the Caribbean region, this trend will present significant challenges in delivering tailored care within future nursing home settings.

OBJECTIVES: We aim to investigate the associations between 2-year fall status among community-dwelling older people with dementia and care partners' emotional, physical, and financial difficulties, with living arrangements (co-residence vs. separate residence) as a moderator.

Caloric restriction is associated with slow aging in model organisms. Additionally, some drugs have also been shown to slow aging in rodents. To better understand metabolic mechanisms that are involved in increased lifespan, we analyzed metabolomic differences in six organs of 12-month-old mice using five interventions leading to extended longevity, specifically caloric restriction, 17-α estradiol, and caloric restriction mimetics rapamycin, canagliflozin, and acarbose. These interventions...

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Controlling Zinc (Zn) nucleation and subsequent crystal growth are critical for long lifespan aqueous zinc metal batteries. However, the concurrent side reactions and unstable solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) formations impedes the continuous Zn metal electrodeposition. Herein, induced by a well-designed organic/inorganic dual-phase SEI, we realize ordered zinc electrodeposition of polycrystalline stackings from single-crystal building blocks. The uncommon SEI with appropriate ion transport...

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine the association between religious practices, beliefs, and cognitive impairment among Black and White men with modest incomes in the 2016 Health and Retirement Study.MethodsData were drawn from Black and White men who reported annual incomes at or below $50,000 (n = 926). The primary outcome was any cognitive impairment, a dichotomous variable derived from a modified version of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status. The religious...

ObjectiveThis article introduces a special issue on advancing Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD-related dementias (ADRD) research drawing from research conducted by the Johns Hopkins Alzheimer's Disease Resource Center for Minority Aging Research (JHAD-RCMAR).MethodWe describe the JHAD-RCMAR, highlighting work of early career investigators in the JHAD-RCMAR, summarize key accomplishments, and propose recommendations for next steps in ameliorating disparities in cognitive decline and AD/ADRD...

The objective of this study was to determine if racial differences exist between older Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and White (NHW) men in incident dementia over 11 years (2011-2022) in the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS). The analytic sample included 2395 community-dwelling NHB and NHW men free of dementia at baseline who self-identified as Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and White (NHW). Dementia was assessed at each visit using a validated algorithm developed by NHATS. After adjusting for...

ObjectivesThe objective was to examine racial-ethnic differences in longitudinal engagement for lifestyle behaviors and moderating role of race-ethnicity between lifestyle behaviors and dementia risk.MethodsWe analyzed 2011-2021 National Health and Aging Trends Study data, a nationally representative U.S. sample of 6155 White, Black, Hispanic, and Asian older adults aged 65+. Cox models regressed dementia on the interaction between lifestyle behaviors (physical activity, smoking, and social...

BackgroundSubjective cognitive impairment (SCI), assessed in national surveys, offers potential for dementia monitoring and early detection. However, its causal link to dementia risk remains unclear.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether SCI causally affects dementia risk in U.S. older adults (≥65 years), considering mortality as a competing risk.MethodsUsing data from 1622 dementia-free older adults in the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) during 2011-2019, we estimated total, direct, and...

Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs) are the sole source of cholinergic innervation to the cerebral cortex and hippocampus in humans and the primary source in rodents. This system undergoes early degeneration in Alzheimer's disease. BFCNs terminal synapses are involved in the regulation of the cerebral blood flow by making classical synaptic contacts with other neurons. Additionally, they are located in proximity to cortical cerebral blood vessels, forming connections with various cell...

In normal aging, little is known in human and animal models about functional changes to glutamate neuronal systems that may contribute to age-related cognitive differences. The present studies investigated glutamate neuronal signaling in the hippocampus (dentate gyrus) and frontal cortex (infralimbic) of young adult (3-8 months), middle-aged (10-13 months), and aged (15-27 months) male and female C57BL/6 mice using microelectrode electrode array (MEA) recording technology to measure...